scholarly journals Urogenital trichomoniasis in an Iraqi population

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 501-505
Author(s):  
N. K. Mahdi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Urethral Discharge ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Asymptomatic Subjects ◽  
Over 40 Years ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Vaginal swabs were obtained from 300 females and examined by the wet preparation and culture methods. Trichomonas vaginalis was identified in 34 female subjects [11.3%] with vaginal discharge. Pregnant women showed the highest rate [15.0%]. The next highest infection rate [12.9%] was noticed during the menstrual years. Women aged over 40 years showed a rate of 3.8%. A total of 235 males were also investigated;150 [63.8%] presented with urethral discharge and 85 [36.2%] were apparently healthy and asymptomatic. Among those with discharge, infection was identified in 11 subjects [7.3%], against 2 [2.4%] among the asymptomatic subjects. The majority of positive cases were in the age group 21-40 years

scholarly journals Epidemiological Study of Trichomonas Vaginalis in Married females

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (0E) ◽  
pp. 293-298
Author(s):  
Suha A. Kadhum
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Infection Rate ◽  
Educational Level ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Married Women ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Contraceptive Pills

The aim of this study was to identify the main risk factors with Trichomonas vaginalis infection in married women that have vaginal discharge. The study include (250) female who attended Al-Yarmouk Teaching Hospital (Gynecological Clinics), through the period from February 2010 to July 2010.Patients female were subjected for a special questionnaire sheet. The study has found that (65) females were infected with this parasite from total (250), who were complaining from vaginal discharge with infection rate 26%.Higher infection rate was recorded between pregnant female was 17.2% while non-pregnant women 8.8% .The main age group of infected women concentrated in (20-29 years) in which rate were 12.83% and 11.76% in pregnant and non-pregnant women respectively.According to educational level and socio-economic status, the study recorded higher percentage 50.76% between illiterate women and with low socio-economic status 63.07%.The highest infection with Trichomonas vaginalis obtained from women with white to gray discharge 58.46% and with bad odor 81.53%.Depending on residency, in rural residence the high percentage of infection were recorded 63.07% while comparing with urban 36.93%.Considering to contraceptive types which used by women 47.69% for IUDs, followed by 32.31% for contraceptive pills and low percentage for condom 20%.

Prevalence of Trichomonas Vaginalis and its Correlation with Socio-demographic Variables in Pregnant Women in Al-Diwaniya,Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (SPL1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shiren Ali Al Hamzawi
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Demographic Variables ◽  
Transmitted Infection ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Low Education

Estimates of Trichomonas vaginalis prevalence in pregnant women are variable with few studies in Iraq.T. vaginalis is a worldwide prevalent sexually transmitted infection,but fortunately,it is very treatable. Researchers believed that pregnancy is one of the effective factors for T. vaginalis infection in women.A cross-sectional study performed in Obstetrics and Gynecology Department at Maternity and Children Teaching Hospital in Al-Diwaniya city on two hundred female pregnant patients between the ages of 16-45 years. These females had no intercourse for 2–3 days,not using drugs (antibiotics,antiprotozoal or steroids) for the last 15 days. Vaginal discharges of any type with or without itching,burning sensation or both were their main complaints. Vaginal swabs were taken from all participating patients for direct wet mount microscopy and culture for the detection of Trichomonas vaginalis infection. The study showed that twelve out of two hundred examined pregnant women (6%) presented with T. vaginalis infection. The infection was more in those with mothers’ age (26-35) years,housewives,low education,higher parity,and of rural residents. Other maternal variables were not significantly associated with T. vaginalis infection. The study showed a prevalence of (6%) of T. vaginalis infection in pregnant female attendees. Infection was more in those with mothers ’age (26-35) years,housewives,low educational level,higher parity,and living in rural areas.

scholarly journals Prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among pregnant women attending antenatal clinics in West Coast Region of The Gambia

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 585-592
Author(s):  
Alphonsus Isara ◽  
Aru-Kumba Baldeh
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Infections ◽  
West Coast ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
The Gambia ◽  
Age Group ◽  
The West ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoea ◽  
Coast Region

Background: Sexually Transmitted Infections (STI) are the second most common cause of healthy life years lost by women in the 15 – 44 years age group in Africa. Aim/Objective: To determine the prevalence of STIs among pregnant women attending antenatal care (ANC) clinics in the West Coast Region of The Gambia. Materials and Methods: Blood, urine, and high vaginal swabs samples from 280 pregnant women attending ANC in Brika- ma District Hospital, Brikama, and Bandung Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Bandung were examined. Serum samples were tested for HIV using western blot technique and for syphilis using the Venereal Disease Research Laboratory (VDRL) test, and rapid plasma regimen. Candida albicans, Group B Streptococcus and Neisseria gonorrhoea were identified using Analytical Profile Index (API). Direct urine microscopy was used to identify C. albicans and Trichomonas vaginalis while Chlamydia trachomatis was identified using Direct Fluorescent Antibody (DFA) test. Results: The overall prevalence of STIs was 53.6%. The pathogenic agents isolated were Candida albicans (31.8%), Strep- tococcus agalactiae (15.0%), Treponema pallidum (6.8%), HIV (5.7%), Trichomonas vaginalis (3.9%), Neisseria gonorrhoea (1.8%) and Chlamydia trachomatis (0.7%). STIs were more prevalent among women in the younger age group of 15 – 24 years (54.7%), unemployed (54.0%), Primipara (62.3%), and in the third trimester of pregnancy (72.7%). Conclusion: A high prevalence of STIs was found among pregnant women attending ANC in the West Coast region of The Gambia. Public health intervention programmes should be strengthened to promote the sexual and reproductive health of pregnant women in The Gambia. Keywords: Sexually transmitted infections; pregnant women; antenatal clinics; The Gambia.

scholarly journals Prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis in females in the reproductive age group

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 647
Author(s):  
Meena Salvi
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Previous History ◽  
Vulvovaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
Outpatient Department ◽  
Contraceptive Device ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Reproductive Age Group

Background: Vulvovaginal candidiasis (VVC) is a common infection among reproductive age group females. The objective of present study is to determine the prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis, its distribution and association of risk factors among reproductive age group females, attending the outpatient department of obstetrics and gynaecology of our Prime Medical Centre, Sharjah attached with Prime Hospital, Dubai, United Arab Emirates (UAE).Methods: It was cross-sectional descriptive study over a period of six months. Patients who came to our outpatient department with complains of vaginal discharge and itching in reproductive age group were included in this study. Patients characteristics i.e. age, parity, risk factors like diabetes, pregnancy, use of oral contraceptive pills (OCPills) and intrauterine contraceptive device (IUCD) were noted. High vaginal swabs (HVS) were collected and sent for culture. Candida positive cases were noted, and results were analyzed.Results: A total of 224 high vaginal swabs were collected. Prevalence of vulvovaginal candidiasis was found to be 31.6%. It was found more in 26-30 years age group and multiparous women. Previous history of candidiasis and diabetes were the commonest risk factors. Frequency of C. albicans was more (76.05%) than non-albicans candida (23.94%).Conclusions: Present study concluded that vulvovaginal candidiasis is more prevalent in reproductive age group females, therefore a routine high vaginal swab culture must be performed in every woman presenting with vaginal discharge and itching for correct diagnosis. Women should be educated on clinical symptoms.

scholarly journals Group B streptococcus colonisation in pregnant women at Dr. George Mukhari Hospital, South Africa

2016 ◽  
Vol 31 (3) ◽  
pp. 74-78
Author(s):  
M. C. Monyama ◽  
J. Y. Bolukaoto ◽  
M. O. Chukwu ◽  
M. R.B. Maloba ◽  
S. R. Moyo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Group B Streptococcus ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Agar Plate ◽  
Broth Culture ◽  
Culture Methods ◽  
Enrichment Broth ◽  
Colonisation Rate ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Group B

The aim of the study was to estimate group B streptococcus (GBS) colonisation in pregnant mothers using selective enrichment broth and solid media for culturing GBS. Vaginal and rectal swabs were collected from 413 pregnant women for GBS culture at recruitment stage. Direct plating and enrichment broth culture methods were compared by using the same swab samples. The swabs were cultured on colistin nalidixic agar (CNA) plate and incubated at 37°C and examined after 18-24 h. The samples which were culture negative on a CNA agar plate were then inoculated into a Todd-Hewitt enrichment broth to recover any GBS present that was not recovered on the solid agar. With the CNA agar plate, the samples were cultured separately to enable identification of colonised sites such as vaginal sites or rectal sites. Rectal and vaginal swabs were inoculated into Todd-Hewitt enrichment broth at the same time in the same tube. The GBS colonisation rate in pregnant women was 30.9% (128/413). The CNA agar plate recovered 45.3% (58/128) of the GBS isolates, whereas 54.7% (70/128) isolates were recovered from Todd-Hewitt broth. Pregnant women of various ages were found to be at risk of GBS colonisation. The colonisation rate was however highest among women of 25–29 age groups as compared with other age groups. Detection of group B streptococcus improved when both rectal and vaginal swabs were collected for laboratory analysis. The simultaneous use of Todd-Hewitt broth and CNA plate also improved the yield of group B streptococcus.

scholarly journals Microscopic Examination of Vaginal Discharge Specimens for Trichomonas vaginalis and Other Micro-Organisms in 18-45 Age Group Women

2012 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 182-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Recep Kesli ◽  
Bayram Pektas ◽  
Mehmet Ozdemir ◽  
Oguzhan Gunenc ◽  
Erkan Coskun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Microscopic Examination ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Micro Organisms

scholarly journals THE PREVALENCE OF TRICHOMONAS VAGINALIS PARASITE AMONG WOMEN IN SOME REGIONS OF MAYSAN PROVINCE

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (36) ◽  
pp. 784-797
Author(s):  
Noor K. Saad AL-MAJIDII ◽  
Hussain A. Mhouse ALSAADY
Keyword(s):  
Infection Rate ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Health Centers ◽  
Age Group ◽  
Vaginal Smears ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Medical Clinics ◽  
Vaginal Secretions ◽  
Vaginal Swabs

Trichomonas vaginalis is an extracellular flagellated parasitic protozoan. It adapts to live in anaerobic conditions of the women's vagina and causes Trichomoniasis, a non-viral, sexually transmitted disease (STD). This parasite spreads in all regions of the world, and the global prevalence rate of vaginal Trichomoniasis in women is higher than in men. It is considered a neglected disease in Iraq, as there are few studies about this parasite, especially in Maysan province, where researches are near absent. In this study, two hundred and twentysix vaginal swabs were collected from women who visited hospitals, health centers, and medical clinics in some areas of Maysan province (Amara district, Al-Kahla district, Al-Maymouna district, Al-Majar Al-Kabir district) during the period from November 10, 2019 to February 10, 2020. The microscopic examination of vaginal smears showed that the overall infection rate was 75.22% (170/226). AL-Kahla district had the highest rate of infection (96.15%), while the lowest was in the Maimouna district (60.00%). The age group 34-40 years had the highest infection rate (86.95%), while the age group 15 years had the lowest infection rate (37.50%). Married women had a higher infection (80.92%) than unmarried women (40.62%). The infection rate among nonpregnant women was high (81.11%) than with pregnant women (78.57%). This study showed that vaginal pH has a significant role in protecting the women vagina from Trichomoniasis, once the highest rate of infection (96.63%) was recorded in the vagina with a pH 6, while no infection was recorded at pH 4. It can be concluded that Trichomoniasis is widely spread among women of the Maysan communities, and the condition was affected significantly by some demographic factors such as age, occupation, marital status, husband polygamous, vaginal secretions, and itching and pH of the vagina.

Vaginal Trichomoniasis

1985 ◽  
Vol 15 (4) ◽  
pp. 170-172 ◽  
Author(s):  
El-Fadil E Omer ◽  
R D Catterall ◽  
M H Ali ◽  
H A El-Naeem ◽  
H H Erwa
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Disease ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Transmitted Disease ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Sexually Transmitted ◽  
Disease Clinic ◽  
Sexually Transmitted Disease Clinic ◽  
Significant Difference

At a sexually transmitted disease clinic at Khartoum 613 Sudanese women presenting with vaginal discharge were investigated. Specimens were examined by microscopy and culture. Trichomonas vaginalis infestation was found in 123 patients (20.1%), predominantly in the age groups 16–19 years (27.1%) and 46–65 years (27%). Frequency of trichomonal vaginitis was highest (35.9%) among divorced women. Of the pregnant women investigated, 16.3% were found to harbour the parasite. There was no significant difference in the parity of parasitized and non-parasitized patients.

scholarly journals The Natural Course of Chlamydia trachomatis, Neisseria gonorrhoeae, Trichomonas vaginalis, and Mycoplasma genitalium in Pregnant and Post-Delivery Women in Pemba Island, Tanzania

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 1180
Author(s):  
Naomi C. A. Juliana ◽  
Abdulla Mbaruk Omar ◽  
Jolein Pleijster ◽  
Fahad Aftab ◽  
Nina B. Uijldert ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Chlamydia Trachomatis ◽  
Natural History ◽  
Neisseria Gonorrhoeae ◽  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Trichomonas Vaginalis ◽  
Mycoplasma Genitalium ◽  
Pemba Island ◽  
Persistence Rate ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
History Of

This study aimed to determine the persistence of Chlamydia trachomatis (CT), Neisseria gonorrhoeae (NG), Trichomonas vaginalis (TV) and Mycoplasma genitalium (MG) infections during pregnancy and after delivery in vaginal swabs of women from Pemba Island, Tanzania. In the context of an earlier biobanking effort, vaginal swabs were collected at two timepoints during pregnancy and once post-delivery. Detection of CT, NG, TV, and MG was performed by PCR using validated detection kits in samples from 441 pregnant women aged 16–48 years old. Among those, 202 samples were matched during pregnancy and 38 at the second timepoint of the pregnancy and post-delivery CT infection persistence during pregnancy was 100% (n = 11) after an average of eight weeks, that of TV infection 82% (n = 11) after ten weeks, and that of MG infection 75% (n = 4) after ten weeks. Post-delivery (after approximately 22 weeks) infection persistence was 100% for CT (n = 1) and 20% for TV (n = 5). NG was only detected at the last collection timepoint, its persistence rate could not be determined. These results show persistence and clearance of curable infections during and after pregnancy. Analysis of biobanked samples is a valuable approach in the investigation of the natural history of curable pathogens.

scholarly journals Antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida spp. isolated from vaginal discharge of pregnant women

2020 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pregnant Women ◽  
Vaginal Discharge ◽  
Antifungal Susceptibility ◽  
Vaginal Candidiasis ◽  
Diffusion Method ◽  
Susceptibility Pattern ◽  
Candida Spp ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Vaginal Swabs ◽  
Risks Factors

Vaginal candidiasis is common fungal infections among pregnant women. The aim of this study is to determine antifungal susceptibility pattern of Candida spp. isolated from vaginal discharge and to investigate possible risk factors associated with Candida infection. One hundred high vaginal swabs were collected from pregnant women complaining from abnormal discharge from various clinics in Gaza city, during 2019. Samples were plated on Sabouraud Dextrose Agar supplemented with chloramphenicol. Candida isolates were identified to the Genus level based on cultural and morphological characteristic. The susceptibility to seven antifungals was determined using disc diffusion method. Demographic, environmental, behavioral and other possible risks factors associated with vaginal candidiasis were recorded through an interview with patients before collecting the vaginal swabs and after obtaining a verbal consent. Data analysis was done using the SPSS software. Candida spp. was isolated from 43% of vaginal swabs of pregnant women with discharge. Variations existed in the susceptibilities of the different Candida isolates to antifungals. Amphotericin B the most effective with 0% resistance followed by itraconzaol and nystatin with 9.4% resistance. Resistance to miconazole, ketoconazole, voriconazole and fluconazole was 11.6%. Statistically significant symptoms associated with positive Candida spp. cultures among pregnant women included; redness of vaginal area, secretions, yeast-like smell, urinary urgency, low sexual desire, itching and irritation (p ≤ 0.05). No statistical significance difference with regard to burning urinary sensation and painful intercourse. Candida spp. was isolated from 43% of vaginal swabs from pregnant women. Risks factors should be minimized by patient education and routine testing of pregnant women.

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