scholarly journals Distribution of the Antibiotic-Resistant Isolates of Bacteria Belonging to the Enterobacteriaceae Family in the System Human-Aquatic Ecosystem

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 232-237
Author(s):  
M. V. Savenko ◽  
◽  
M. V. Kryvtsova ◽  
Ye. Ya. Kostenko ◽  
Ye. M. Anisimov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Oral Cavity ◽  
Human Body ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Aquatic Ecosystem ◽  
Clinical Samples ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Genetic Determinants ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Periodontal Tissues

The rapid development of resistance of microorganisms to antimicrobial drugs has led to the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and their genetic determinants of resistance in the environment. It has led to the emergence of a new threat to human health, the precondition of which is the entry of resistance genes to the human body through the food chain. Modern systems of treatment plants are not capable of complete purification of water from genetic determinants, the largest source of which is known to be hospital effluents and domestic wastewater. In the context of this problem, the study of the influence of ecological resist on the development of antibiotic resistance in the human body becomes very important. The purpose of the study was to determine the relationships between the migration of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in the system human-aquatic ecosystem. Materials and methods. To achieve the purpose, a number of microbiological studies were performed, which included the isolation of microbial isolates from water samples of the Uzh River (Ukraine), surface waters of which are a source of drinking and domestic water supply, and clinical samples from the oral cavity of patients with inflammatory periodontal diseases. Identified isolates were tested for sensitivity to antibiotics of different groups. Results and discussion. During the research experiment, bacteria of the Enterobacteriaceae family were isolated from the oral cavity of 64 patients with inflammatory diseases of periodontal tissues, the species diversity of which was represented by the following species: Escherihia coli, Enterobacter cloacae, Citrobacter freundii, Klebsiella rhinoskleromatis, Hafnia alvei. According to the study, members of the Enterobacteriaceae family isolated from water samples showed significant resistance to antibiotics of natural origin, such as tetracycline, amipicillin and gentamicin, as well as to beta-lactams and second-generation macrolides. Conclusion. According to the results of the study, the samples of water and oral cavity were dominated by the same spectrum of gram-negative microorganisms belonging to the genera Enterobacter, Citrobacter, Escherichia and characterized by a high degree of resistance to tetracyclines, macrolides and unprotected beta-lactam antibiotics. The formation of such an antibiotic resistance in ecological and clinical samples may indicate probable migration routes of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms and genetic determinants of stability in the system human-aquatic ecosystem. There is a need for further research to study the prevalence of antibiotic-resistant microorganisms in the environment and the development of appropriate regulations governing the conduct of sanitary and epidemiological control over the spread of microorganisms with multiple resistance in the environment

scholarly journals An Investigation of Antibacterial Resistance Patterns in Isolated Bacteria from Contaminated Water Samples in Poultry Slaughterhouses

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 85-90
Author(s):  
Hadis Tavafi
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Resistance Pattern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Klebsiella Spp

Nowadays, in the poultry industry, antibiotics are used to treat, prevent, and enhance poultry growth and production efficiency. Their irregular consumption has resulted in the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in this industry. Antibiotic-resistant bacteria in contaminated waters can be transmitted into soil. The purpose of this study was to investigate the antibiotic resistance pattern of bacteria isolated from the water of chicken slaughterhouses around Hamadan (Iran) province. In this study, 20 water samples were collected from four slaughterhouses in Hamadan province (during spring and summer 2019). Initial isolation and identification of the bacteria were performed by pour plate culture and biochemical tests. The disc diffusion method was applied to investigate the resistance pattern. This study presents 109 screened isolates. Of these, 57.8% E.coli, 35.7% Salmonella spp., and 6.42% Klebsiella spp. were detected. Antibiograms of isolates showed that in E.coli, 23.09% were resistant to four types of the antibiotic tetracycline, amoxicillin, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol, 76.19% had only one type of antibiotic. Antibiotics for Salmonella spp. showed that 35.9% were resistant to tetracycline, gentamicin, and chloramphenicol, 64.10% to only one type of antibiotic. Also, in Klebsiella spp., 85.71% were sensitive to antibiotics, and only 14.28% were resistant to tetracycline. Conclusion: The results showed that the rate of multiple antibiotic resistance is relatively high, and contaminated water has a high potential for soil contamination. Therefore, resistant bacteria become more stable in the environment, and the health of the environment will be endangered. Therefore, it is necessary to study the antimicrobial resistance patterns of bacteria to study and maintain the health of the environment.

scholarly journals Do wastewater treatment plants increase antibiotic resistant bacteria or genes in the environment? Protocol for a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daloha Rodríguez-Molina ◽  
Petra Mang ◽  
Heike Schmitt ◽  
Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc ◽  
Katja Radon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Background. Antibiotic resistance is a global public health threat. Water from human activities is collected at wastewater treatment plants where processes often do not sufficiently neutralize antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes, which are further shed into the local environment. This protocol outlines the steps to conduct a systematic review based on the Population, Exposure, Comparator and Outcome (PECO) framework, aiming at answering the question Are antimicrobial-resistant enterobacteriaceae and antimicrobial resistance genes present (O) in air and water samples (P) taken either near or downstream or downwind or down-gradient from wastewater treatment plants (E), as compared to air and water samples taken either further away or upstream or upwind or up-gradient from such wastewater treatment plant (C)? Presence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and genes will be quantitatively measured by extracting their prevalence or concentration, depending on the reviewed study. Methods. We will search PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane database and Web of Science for original articles published from 01-Jan-2000 to 03-Sep-2018 with language restriction. Articles will undergo a relevance and a design screening process. Data from eligible articles will be extracted by two independent reviewers. Further, we will perform a risk of bias assessment using a decision matrix. We will synthesize and present results in narrative and tabular form and will perform a meta-analysis if heterogeneity of results allows it. Discussion. Antibiotic resistance in environmental samples around wastewater treatment plants may pose a risk of exposure to workers and nearby residents. Results from the systematic review outlined in this protocol will allow to estimate the extend of exposure, to inform policy making and help to design future studies.

scholarly journals Do wastewater treatment plants increase antibiotic resistant bacteria or genes in the environment? Protocol for a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daloha Rodríguez-Molina ◽  
Petra Mang ◽  
Heike Schmitt ◽  
Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc ◽  
Katja Radon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Background. Antibiotic resistance is a global public health threat. Water from human activities is collected at wastewater treatment plants where processes often do not sufficiently neutralize antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes, which are further shed into the local environment. This protocol outlines the steps to conduct a systematic review based on the Population, Exposure, Comparator and Outcome (PECO) framework, aiming at answering the question Are antimicrobial-resistant enterobacteriaceae and antimicrobial resistance genes present (O) in air and water samples (P) taken either near or downstream or downwind or down-gradient from wastewater treatment plants (E), as compared to air and water samples taken either further away or upstream or upwind or up-gradient from such wastewater treatment plant (C)? Presence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and genes will be quantitatively measured by extracting their prevalence or concentration, depending on the reviewed study. Methods. We will search PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane database and Web of Science for original articles published from 01-Jan-2000 to 03-Sep-2018 with language restriction. Articles will undergo a relevance and a design screening process. Data from eligible articles will be extracted by two independent reviewers. Further, we will perform a risk of bias assessment using a decision matrix. We will synthesize and present results in narrative and tabular form and will perform a meta-analysis if heterogeneity of results allows it. Discussion. Antibiotic resistance in environmental samples around wastewater treatment plants may pose a risk of exposure to workers and nearby residents. Results from the systematic review outlined in this protocol will allow to estimate the extend of exposure, to inform policy making and help to design future studies.

scholarly journals Microbiota analysis of rural and urban surface waters and sediments in Bangladesh identifies human waste as driver of antibiotic resistance

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ross Stuart McInnes ◽  
Md. Hassan uz-Zaman ◽  
Imam Taskin Alam ◽  
Siu Fung Stanley Ho ◽  
Robert A. Moran ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Resistance Genes ◽  
Surface Waters ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Use ◽  
Urban Surface ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant

AbstractIn many low- and middle-income countries antibiotic resistant bacteria spread in the environment due to inadequate treatment of wastewater and the poorly regulated use of antibiotics in agri- and aquaculture. Here we characterised the abundance and diversity of antibiotic-resistant bacteria and antibiotic resistance genes in surface waters and sediments in Bangladesh through quantitative culture of Extended-Spectrum Beta-Lactamase (ESBL)-producing coliforms and shotgun metagenomics. Samples were collected from highly urbanised settings (n = 7), from rural ponds with a history of aquaculture-related antibiotic use (n = 11) and from rural ponds with no history of antibiotic use (n = 6). ESBL-producing coliforms were found to be more prevalent in urban samples than in rural samples. Shotgun sequencing showed that sediment samples were dominated by the phylum Proteobacteria (on average 73.8% of assigned reads), while in the water samples Cyanobacteria (on average 60.9% of assigned reads) were the predominant phylum. Antibiotic resistance genes were detected in all samples, but their abundance varied 1,525-fold between sites, with the highest levels of antibiotic resistance genes being present in urban surface water samples. We identified an IncQ1 sulphonamide resistance plasmid ancestral to the widely studied RSF1010 in one of the urban water samples. The abundance of antibiotic resistance genes was significantly correlated (R2 = 0.73; P = 8.9 × 10−15) with the abundance of bacteria originating from the human gut, which suggests that the release of untreated sewage is a driver for the spread of environmental antibiotic resistance genes in Bangladesh, particularly in highly urbanised settings.ImportanceLow- and middle-income countries (LMICs) have higher burdens of multidrug-resistant infections than high-income countries and there is thus an urgent need to elucidate the drivers of the spread of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in LMICs. Here we study the diversity and abundance of antibiotic resistance genes in surface water and sediments from rural and urban settings in Bangladesh. We found that urban surface waters are particularly rich in antibiotic resistance genes, with a higher number of them associated with plasmids indicating that they are more likely to spread horizontally. The abundance of antibiotic resistance genes was strongly correlated with the abundance of bacteria that originate from the human gut, suggesting that uncontrolled release of human waste is a major driver for the spread of antibiotic resistance in the urban environment. Improvements in sanitation in LMICs may thus be a key intervention to reduce the dissemination of antibiotic resistant bacteria.

A novel laboratory cultivation method to examine antibiotic-resistance-related microbial risks in urban water environments

2009 ◽  
Vol 59 (2) ◽  
pp. 347-352 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Oh ◽  
J. Lee ◽  
K. Kim ◽  
J. Kim ◽  
Y. Choung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Municipal Wastewater ◽  
Health Concern ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Cultivation Medium ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Cultivation Method ◽  
Microbial Risk ◽  
Wide Range

Although microbial risk due to antibiotic-resistant microbes in water has been a serious public health concern, the current culture-dependent detecting methods using nutrient-rich conditions may not be suitable for evaluating microbial risk. In the present study, a novel cultivation method was developed to detect antibiotic-resistant microbes at various nutrient levels. A nutrient-rich medium Luria-Bertani broth (LB) was diluted at a wide range of dilution factors (100−104) and amended with either tetracycline or vancomycin. A standard environmental cultivation medium, R2A, was also used by amending with antibiotics. The diluted LB with antibiotics was able to detect previously known oligotrophic and antibiotic-resistant bacteria in drinking water and swine manure samples, respectively. These results validate the capability of the new method to detect antibiotic-resistant microbes in various environmental water samples. Using the developed method in assessing microbial risk due to antibiotic-resistant microbes in river and municipal wastewater plants, we found that the viable counts and antibiotic resistance fraction were significantly influenced by the type and concentration level of antibiotic exposure and the cultivation medium conditions. This suggests a further need to standardize cultivation method procedures, to assess microbial risk in water samples.

scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Plasmid - Bearing Multiple Antibiotic Resistance Bacteria from Different Aquatic Sources in Akure, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-12
Author(s):  
Onifade, A. K. ◽  
Alaofin, S. ◽  
Owoyemi, O. O.
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Profile Analysis ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Beta Lactamase ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Isolation And Characterization

Aims: This study was designed to investigate the plasmid bearing multiple antibiotic resistant bacteria from different aquatic sources. Place and Duration of Study: This research work was carried out in Akure South Local Government Area of Ondo state, Nigeria between January and June, 2018. Methodology: The pathogenic bacteria associated with water samples collected from different sources in Akure, Nigeria were isolated and characterized. A total of 521 water samples were collected from sources such as wells, taps, streams, rivers, boreholes and rain. All the samples were subjected to presumptive, confirmed and completed tests to evaluate their microbiological quality. The microbial types in the samples were determined using standard microbiological techniques. All isolates obtained in this study were subjected to antibiotic sensitivity analysis and screened for Beta-lactamase production (ESBL). Plasmid profile analysis of the resistance isolates was carried out using standard method. Furthermore, post-curing of the plasmid mediated antibiotic resistance isolates was performed and data obtained were analyzed and presented using analysis of variance. Results: Bacterial isolates such as Acinetobacter baumanni, Citrobacter freundii, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Salmonella typhi, Salmonella typhimurum, Salmonella paratyphi, Shigella dysenteriae, Serratia marcescens, Proteus vulgaris and Vibrio cholerae were identified from the water samples. The isolate E. coli had the highest percentage distribution of 24.10% in well water and 26.19% in stream water while Salmonella species had the highest occurrence of 53.85% in rain water. The Beta-lactamase producing (ESBL) isolates were resistant to multiple antibiotics except Ciprofloxacin, Gentamycin and Pefloxacin that conferred antibacterial effect. Plasmid-gene profile analysis of the isolates revealed that S. typhimurium, K. pneumoniae, P. aeruginosa and P. vulgaris possess single plasmid each while only E. coli contain two plasmid bands. The post plasmid-curing antibiotic sensitivity test of the isolates revealed that the initial antibiotic resistance of the bacterial isolates were plasmid mediated. Conclusion: Findings from this study suggest the purification of water from these sources before consumption is important as most microbes found in these samples are potential pathogens that are capable of causing infectious diseases with multiple antibiotic resistant features.

scholarly journals Antibiotic Resistance Pattern of Bacteria Isolated from Biofilms in Water from Groundwater Sources in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. O. Olalemi ◽  
F. T. Akinruli ◽  
V. O. Oluwasusi
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Shigella Dysenteriae ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Bacterial Isolates ◽  
Streptococcus Faecalis ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Microbiological Methods

This study investigated the pattern of occurrence of antibiotic resistant bacteria in biofilms in water from groundwater sources in Ado-Ekiti, Nigeria. Water samples were collected from boreholes and wells within Ado-Ekiti metropolis over a period of 4 months (n = 100), and biofilm samples were taken at interval of seven days within the period of storage and subjected to microbiological analysis until the total bacterial counts were significant. Enumeration of bacteria in biofilms and antibiotic sensitivity of the bacterial isolates were carried out using standard microbiological methods and multiple antibiotic resistant indexes of the bacterial isolates were calculated. Results showed that a total of 202 bacterial isolates were obtained from the biofilms of the water samples and this include Streptococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Enterobacter aerogenes, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Proteus vulgaris, Staphylococcus aureus, Salmonella typhi and Shigella dysenteriae. Of all the bacterial isolates, Streptococcus faecalis had the highest frequency of occurrence (90 %). The bacterial isolates from the biofilms in water from borehole had the highest bacterial count (1.11 × 104 cfu/ml) and were more resistant to antibiotics, whereas those from well had the least bacterial count (0.78 × 104 cfu/ml) and were less resistant to antibiotics. A total of 106 (52.5%) bacterial isolates displayed multiple antibiotic resistance (MAR) with indexes greater than 0.2. The findings from this study suggest high prevalence of MAR indexes indicating high source of contamination in areas where antibiotics are used in Ado-Ekiti. Water from the groundwater sources should be treated at point of use and should not be stored for too long before use to prevent the development of biofilms that may be of great significance to human health.

scholarly journals Do wastewater treatment plants increase antibiotic resistant bacteria or genes in the environment? Protocol for a systematic review

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Daloha Rodríguez-Molina ◽  
Petra Mang ◽  
Heike Schmitt ◽  
Mariana Carmen Chifiriuc ◽  
Katja Radon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Process Data ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Antimicrobial Resistance Genes

Abstract Background Antibiotic resistance is a global public health threat. Water from human activities is collected at wastewater treatment plants where processes often do not sufficiently neutralize antibiotic resistant bacteria and genes, which are further shed into the local environment. This protocol outlines the steps to conduct a systematic review based on the Population, Exposure, Comparator and Outcome (PECO) framework, aiming at answering the question “Are antimicrobial-resistant enterobacteriaceae and antimicrobial resistance genes present (O) in air and water samples (P) taken either near or downstream or downwind or down-gradient from wastewater treatment plants (E), as compared to air and water samples taken either further away or upstream or upwind or up-gradient from such wastewater treatment plant (C)?” Presence of antimicrobial-resistant bacteria and genes will be quantitatively measured by extracting their prevalence or concentration, depending on the reviewed study. Methods We will search PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane database and Web of Science for original articles published from 1 Jan 2000 to 3 Sep 2018 with language restriction. Articles will undergo a relevance and a design screening process. Data from eligible articles will be extracted by two independent reviewers. Further, we will perform a risk of bias assessment using a decision matrix. We will synthesize and present results in narrative and tabular form and will perform a meta-analysis if heterogeneity of results allows it. Discussion Antibiotic resistance in environmental samples around wastewater treatment plants may pose a risk of exposure to workers and nearby residents. Results from the systematic review outlined in this protocol will allow to estimate the extend of exposure, to inform policy making and help to design future studies.

Relationship of antibiotic resistance to results of treatment in sepsis patients in Hue Central Hospital 2017 – 2018

2019 ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Duy Binh Nguyen ◽  
Trung Tien Phan ◽  
Trong Hanh Hoang ◽  
Van Tuan Mai ◽  
Xuan Chuong Tran
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Resistance ◽  
Bacterial Infection ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
Central Hospital ◽  
International Consensus ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Results Of Treatment ◽  
Amoxicillin Clavulanic Acid ◽  
Relationship Of

Sepsis is a serious bacterial infection. The main treatment is using antibiotics. However, the rate of antibiotic resistance is very high and this resistance is related to the outcome of treatment. Objectives: To evaluate the situation of antibiotic resistance of some isolated bacteria in sepsis patients treated at Hue Central Hospital; to evaluate the relationship of antibiotic resistance to the treatment results in patients with sepsis. Subjects and methods: prospective study of 60 sepsis patients diagnosed according to the criteria of the 3rd International Consensus-Sepsis 3 and its susceptibility patterns from April 2017 to August 2018. Results and Conclusions: The current agents of sepsis are mainly S. suis, Burkhoderiae spp. and E. coli. E. coli is resistant to cephalosporins 3rd, 4th generation and quinolone group is over 75%; resistance to imipenem 11.1%; the ESBL rate is 60%. S. suis resistant to ampicilline 11.1%; no resistance has been recorded to ceftriaxone and vancomycine. Resistance of Burkholderiae spp. to cefepime and amoxicillin/clavulanic acid was 42.9% and 55.6%, resistant to imipenem and meropenem is 20%, resistance to ceftazidime was not recorded. The deaths were mostly dued to E. coli and K. pneumoniae. The mortality for patients infected with antibiotic-resistant bacteria are higher than for sensitive groups. Key words: Sepsis, bacterial infection, antibiotics

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