scholarly journals Proximate composition and antioxidant potential of selected tubers peel

Food Research ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 121-126 ◽  
Author(s):  
N.J.S. Dusuki ◽  
M.F. Abu Bakar ◽  
F.I. Abu Bakar ◽  
N.A. Ismail ◽  
M.I. Azman
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Mineral Contents ◽  
Frap Assay ◽  
Phytochemical Study ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Antioxidant Power

This study is aimed to investigate the nutritional composition, phytochemicals and antioxidant activity of red and purple variety of Ipomoea batatas (sweet potato) peels and Manihot esculenta (cassava) periderm and cortex layers. The proximate composition (carbohydrate, protein, fat, moisture, ash and minerals) was determined using standard methods while phytochemical contents (phenolic, flavonoid, anthocyanin and carotenoid) and antioxidant activity [2,2-diphenylpicrylhydrazyl (DPPH), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulphonic acid) (ABTS) assays] were determined spectrophotometrically. Proximate analysis showed that both I. batatas and M. esculenta contained high carbohydrate content ranged from 75.07% to 87.04% but zero protein and low-fat contents (0.83-2.2%). For the mineral contents, I. batatas contained higher potassium, sodium, iron and magnesium than M. esculenta. However, calcium was found higher in M. esculenta as compared to I. batatas. For the phytochemical study, total anthocyanin content showed the lowest value (0.43-3.08 µg c-3 -gE/g) for both tubers as compared to total phenolic (37.28-71.79 µg GAE/g), flavonoid (4.98-16.50 µg RE/g) and carotenoid (14.54-46.66 µg BC/g) contents. For the antioxidant study, both purple and red variety of I. batatas showed higher percentages of inhibition using DPPH assay with 87.93% and 87.62%, respectively compared to M. esculenta. Meanwhile, FRAP assay displayed lower values than ABTS assay for both tubers. In conclusion, both tubers, I. batatas and M. esculenta have close values of nutritional compositions. However, I. batatas showed higher mineral contents (potassium, iron, magnesium and sodium) and antioxidant activity than M. esculenta. For the phytochemical content, I. batatas contained higher total flavonoid and total anthocyanin contents while M. esculenta contained higher total phenolic and carotenoid contents. Hence, this study suggested that tuber’s by-products have great potential for use in functional food as they are cheap and readily available as well as reducing waste disposal.

scholarly journals Extraction of Anthocyanins from Borage (Echium amoenum) Flowers Using Choline Chloride and a Glycerol-Based, Deep Eutectic Solvent: Optimization, Antioxidant Activity, and In Vitro Bioavailability

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 27 (1) ◽  
pp. 134
Author(s):  
Oscar Zannou ◽  
Hojjat Pashazadeh ◽  
Mohamed Ghellam ◽  
Salam A. Ibrahim ◽  
Ilkay Koca
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Choline Chloride ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Deep Eutectic Solvent ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Echium Amoenum

Borage flower (Echium amoenum), an annual herb native to the Mediterranean region, is an excellent source of anthocyanins and is widely used in various forms due to its biological activities. In the present study, a choline chloride and glycerol (CHGLY)-based natural deep eutectic solvent (NADES) was applied in order to extract the anthocyanins from borage flowers. The traditional solvents, including water, methanol, and ethanol, were used to evaluate the efficiency of CHGLY. The results showed that CHGLY was highly efficient compared to the traditional solvents, providing the highest amounts of the total anthocyanin content (TAC), total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), individual anthocyanins, and antioxidant activity (DPPH radical scavenging (DPPH) and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assays). The most dominant anthocyanin found in studied borage was cyanidin-3-glucoside, followed by cyanin chloride, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, and pelargonidin-3-glucoside. The bioavailability % was 71.86 ± 0.47%, 77.29 ± 0.57%, 80.22 ± 0.65%, and 90.95 ± 1.01% for cyanidin-3-glucoside, cyanidin-3-rutinoside, by pelargonidin-3-glucoside and cyanin chloride, respectively. However, cyanidin-3-glucoside was the anthocyanin compound showing the highest stability (99.11 ± 1.66%) in the gastrointestinal environment. These results suggested that choline chloride and glycerol-based NADES is not only an efficient, eco-friendly solvent for the extraction of anthocyanins but can also be used to increase the bioavailability of anthocyanins.

scholarly journals Comparative Study of Potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) and Sweet Potato (Ipomoea batatas L.): Evaluation of Proximate Composition, Polyphenol Content, Mineral and Antioxidant Activities

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (24) ◽  
pp. 11844
Author(s):  
Ammara Arshad ◽  
Hira Iqbal ◽  
Ayesha Siddiqa ◽  
Taha Zulfiqar ◽  
Muhammad B. K. Tareen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Sweet Potato ◽  
Proximate Composition ◽  
Ipomoea Batatas ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Crude Fibre ◽  
Flesh Colour ◽  
Antioxidant Power

The objective of the present study was to differentiate and compare the proximate composition, minerals, flesh colour, phenolic composition, and antioxidant activities of varieties of white-fleshed sweet potato (WFSP) and potato (WFP) locally grown in Pakistan. The results showed that WFP presented higher moisture and crude fat content, while WFSP offered better ash, crude protein, and crude fibre contents. Colour analysis revealed that WFSP and WFP showed the highest L* (lightness) values and exhibited the maximum total phenolic content and total flavonoids content of 9.27 ± 0.88 mg GAE/g and 19.01 ± 0.66 mg QE/g. In vitro, results demonstrated that WFSP possessed better antioxidant activity with the highest ferric reducing antioxidant power of 58.67 ± 0.22 mM Fe2+/g and DPPH scavenging activity of 39.12 ± 0.33% compared to WFP. It is concluded that WFSP possesses a better proximate and mineral profile followed by higher antioxidant activity.

scholarly journals Effect of Drying Methods on Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Capacity in Grape Skin Residues from the New Hybrid Variety “BRS Magna”

Molecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 25 (16) ◽  
pp. 3701
Author(s):  
Gabriela Viana da Silva ◽  
Bruna Aparecida Souza Machado ◽  
Walkia Polliana de Oliveira ◽  
Camilla Fernanda Godinho da Silva ◽  
Cedenir Pereira de Quadros ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Bioactive Compounds ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Drying Methods ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Drying Process ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Conventional Oven

The effects of the drying process using the conventional oven and freeze-drying on the thermogravimetric profile, proximate composition, color parameters, individual bioactive compounds, and antioxidant activity in the grape residue (skin) were evaluated. Twenty individual phenolic compounds were identified, where a variation in concentration was observed for flavonols, stilbenes, phenolic acids, flavonoids, procyanidins, and particularly anthocyanins (malvidin-3,5-di-O-glucoside of 253.2–536.9 mg/kg) due to the drying process. Drying in a conventional oven caused a decrease of 23% of the total polyphenols. The skin of the BRS magna grape has a high concentration of total phenolic content of 489.5–148.3 mg.GAE/100 g, total anthocyanin content of 124.9–260.1 mg.CE/100 g, and total flavonoid content of 12.7–26.0 mg.QE/100 g. The results of free radical scavenging activity (1.26–4.91 μg/mL, as EC50) and ferric reducing antioxidant power (82.93–184.10 μmol/g of skin as equivalent to Fe2SO4) indicate high antioxidant activity, independently of the drying process applied. It was concluded that, if the application is directed to anthocyanin compounds, the use of lyophilization is recommended. On the other hand, if the interest is in bioactive compounds that exert antioxidant activity, conventional oven-drying can be used.

scholarly journals Bioactive Compounds and Biochemical and Antioxidant Properties of Selected Minor Indigenous Fruits in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-46
Author(s):  
Molla M.M ◽  
Sabuz A.A ◽  
Chowdhury M.G.F ◽  
Khan M.H.H ◽  
Alam M ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Radical Scavenging ◽  
Reducing Power ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Array Detector ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Antioxidant Power

Minor fruits are a potential source of antinutrients, but there is no complete primary data source in the Bangladeshi context. Therefore, the present study was undertaken to acquire documentation for a database of the composition of selected minor fruits. The total phenolic (TPH), vitamin C, total carotene, and ß-carotene contents and antioxidant activity of selected minor fruits were determined by 1,1-diphenyl-2picryl hydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging and reducing power assays (RPA). Phenolic compounds were assessed using high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with a photodiode array detector and autosampler. Results revealed that minor fruits contain different phytochemicals, particularly TPH, ascorbic acid, total flavonoid (TF), ß-carotene, total carotenoid (TC), and total anthocyanin content (TAC); values ranged, respectively, 0.23-176.50 mg GAE/g, 16.67-664.92 mg/100 g, 2.26-150.02 mg QE/100 g, 1.41-6897.57 µg/100 g, 1.26-98.24 mg/100 g and 1.15-47.46 mg/100 g. In the parameters antioxidant activity, total antioxidant capacity, DPPH, reducing power capacity (RPC), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), metal chelating capacity (MCC), nitric oxide (NO), and free radical scavenging activity, IC50 ranged 0.01-278.24 µg of ascorbic acid/mg of extract, 39.70-250.00%, 3.21-634.00%, 0.02-1817.88 µM Fe2SO4/100g, 22.29-210.43%, 0.02-70.50%, and 4.98-856.70 µg/g, respectively. Among the identified and quantified phenolic acids, leading examples were gallic acid (279.06 mg/100 g), vanilic acid (43.77 mg/100 g), Þ-courmaric acid (178.96 mg/100 g), ferulic acid (20.44 mg/100 g), and lutein (91.13 µg/100 g) in aonla, day fruit, elephant apple, and bilimbi. Moreover, all selected minor fruits are rich sources of bioactive, biochemical, and antioxidant compounds with potential for use in therapeutic applications.

Influence of cultivar and year on phytochemical and antioxidant activity of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Ontario

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 485-493 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chanli Hu ◽  
Rong Tsao ◽  
Ronghua Liu ◽  
J. Alan Sullivan ◽  
Mary Ruth McDonald
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum ◽  
Solanum Tuberosum L ◽  
Potato Cultivars ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Wide Range

Hu, C., Tsao, R., Liu, R., Sullivan, J. A. and McDonald, M. R. 2012. Influence of cultivar and year on phytochemical and antioxidant activity of potato (Solanum tuberosum L.) in Ontario. Can. J. Plant Sci. 92: 485–493. Phytochemicals in coloured vegetables are responsible not only for the colour, but also for nutritional quality. In this study 11 cultivars of potato, with a wide range of skin and flesh colours, grown over two years were tested for the total phenolic content (TPC), total anthocyanin-content (TAC) and total antioxidant activity (TAA). Results showed significant variations among cultivars for both years. TPC was 1.2–3.6 mg gallic acid equivalent (GAE) g−1 dry weight (DW) in 2008 and 0.98–2.81 mg GAE g−1 DW in 2009. Total anthocyanin content was 0.70–1.92 mg cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent (Cy3g E) in 2008 and 0.05 –1.52 mg Cy3g E g−1 DW in 2009, respectively. The TAA also varied among different potato cultivars, with values of 12 to 64 and 6.3 to 20 µmol ascorbic acid equivalents (AAE) g−1 DW in 2008 and 2009, respectively for the FRAP (ferric reducing/antioxidant power) assay, and from 42 to 168 and 75 to 174 µmol trolox equivalents (TE) g−1 DW in 2008 and 2009 in the ORAC (oxygen radical absorption capacity) assay, respectively. The purple fleshed tubers, such as ‘Mackintosh Black’, demonstrated the highest antioxidant activities, indicating that anthocyanins are important antioxidants. Our results suggest that purple/red potato cultivars have a greater potential as functional foods for enhanced human health benefits.

scholarly journals Variability in Antioxidant Activity in Blueberry and Correlations among Different Antioxidant Activity Assays

2002 ◽  
Vol 127 (2) ◽  
pp. 238-244 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann Marie Connor ◽  
James J. Luby ◽  
Cindy B.S. Tong
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Vaccinium Corymbosum ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Highbush Blueberry ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Antioxidant Power ◽  
Antioxidant Assays ◽  
Lowbush Blueberry ◽  
Berry Size

Variation in antioxidant activity (AA), total phenolic content (TPH), and total anthocyanin content (ACY) was examined in 1998 and 1999 in fruit of 52 (49 blue-fruited and 3 pink-fruited) genotypes from a blueberry breeding population. The species ancestry included Vaccinium corymbosum L. (northern highbush blueberry), V. angustifolium Ait. (lowbush blueberry), V. constablaei Gray (mountain highbush blueberry), V. ashei Reade (rabbiteye blueberry), and V. myrtilloides Michx. (lowbush blueberry). Using a methyl linoleate oxidation assay (MeLO) on acidified methanolic extracts of the berries, a 5-fold variation was found in AA in 1998 and a 3-fold variation in 1999 among the blue-fruited genotypes. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) revealed variation among genotypes (P < 0.0001) in single and combined years, regardless of inclusion of pink-fruited selections and adjustment for berry size. While mean AA of all genotypes did not change between the 2 years, ranking of some genotypes for AA changed significantly between 1998 and 1999. Of the 10 genotypes that demonstrated the highest AA in 1998, four were among the 10 genotypes that demonstrated highest AA in 1999. Similarly, of the 15 genotypes with the highest AA, 10 were the same both years. As with AA, mean TPH of all genotypes did not change between years and ANOVA demonstrated genotypic variation regardless of adjustment for berry size/weight or exclusion of pink-fruited selections. Changes in genotype rank occurred between years. The difference in TPH between lowest- and highest-ranking blue-fruited genotypes was ≈2.6-fold in both 1998 and 1999. Seven of the 10 highest-ranking genotypes were the same both years and TPH correlated with AA (r = 0.92, P < 0.01) on a genotype mean basis for combined years. ACY correlated less well with AA (r = 0.73, P < 0.01 for combined years). When genotypes were categorized into six groups according to species ancestry, V. myrtilloides and V. constablaei × V. ashei crosses ranked highest and second highest, respectively, for AA in both years. The groups comprised of V. corymbosum genotypes, V. angustifolium genotypes, and those with both V. corymbosum and V. angustifolium in their lineage were indistinguishable from each other. Samples from some of the genotypes were analyzed for oxygen radical absorbance capacity and ferric-reducing antioxidant power, and these aqueous-based antioxidant assays correlated well with the lipid emulsion-based MeLO (all r ≥ 0.90, P < 0.01). The three antioxidant assays may be equally useful for screening in a blueberry breeding program and the choice of assay may depend on the goal of the program and the resources available.

scholarly journals Physicochemical and Bioactive Characteristics of Wild Grown Bilberry (Vaccinium myrtillus L.) Genotypes from Northeastern Turkey

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (1) ◽  
pp. 128-133 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ferit CELIK ◽  
Mehmet Ramazan BOZHUYUK ◽  
Sezai ERCISLI ◽  
Muttalip GUNDOGDU
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Antioxidant Capacity ◽  
Gallic Acid ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Fruit Weight ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Soluble Solid Content ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Antioxidant Power

In present study, fruit weight, fruit firmness, external fruit color, soluble solid content, pH, titratable acidity, vitamin C, total phenolics, total anthocyanins, and antioxidant capacity of eight wild bilberry grown in Coruh valley in northeastern Turkey were determined. The blueberry cv. ‘Bluecrop’ is also included study to make comparison with bilberry genotypes. Antioxidant activity of bilberry and blueberry fruits were comparatively assessed by FRAP (Ferric reducing antioxidant power) assay. Significantly higher content of phenolics and anthocyanins was found in bilberry fruits than in blueberry fruits. However blueberry cv. ‘Bluecrop’ exhibited higher fruit weight and vitamin C content than bilberry fruits. Total phenolic and total anthocyanin content was 327 mg gallic acid equivalent and 142 mg of cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent in 100 g fresh fruit in cv. ‘Bluecrop’ while it was between 492-563 mg gallic acid equaivalent and 307-342 mg of cyanidin-3-glucoside equivalent in 100 g fresh fruits of  bilberry accessions. Moreover, wild accessions approximately had 2-3 folds higher antioxidant capacity than cv. ‘Bluecrop’. Results suggest the possibility of improving the bioactive and antioxidant properties of bilberry cultivars based food products by using wild ones in cross breeding. It was also concluded that genotypes significantly affect their bioactive content and consequently the possibility of using wild bilberry fruits as a potential source of natural antioxidants in food industry.

scholarly journals Biocomponents and Antioxidant Activity of Ribes khorasanicum

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ehsan Taghavizadeh Yazdi ◽  
Jalil Khara ◽  
Mohammad Reza Housaindokht ◽  
Hamid Reza Sadeghnia ◽  
Sedigheh Esmaeilzadeh Bahabadid ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Dry Weight ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Bioactive Components ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Biological And Medical Applications

Currently, there have been lots of interests in phytochemicals as bioactive components. The roles of fruit, vegetables, and red pigments in preventing diseases have been partly accredited to the antioxidant properties of their constituent polyphenols, flavonoid, anthocyanins, and etc. Biochemistry parameters including the relative levels of antioxidant activity, total phenolic content, total flavonoid, total anthocyanin, soluble and insoluble sugar content of Ribes khorasanicum, have been calculated in this project. The total anthocyanin content of the investigated Ribes khorasanicum measured to be 62.9 mg/g in dry weight, while displaying high levels when compared to other components, which indicates that the anthocyanin content was the predominant antioxidant components in the investigated plant. This particular plant has the potential to serve as the important source of antioxidant that can be utilized in different biological and medical applications.

scholarly journals Antioxidant Activity, Sugar Content and Phenolic Profiling of Blueberries Cultivars: A Comprehensive Comparison

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (2) ◽  
pp. 639-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Onur Tolga OKAN ◽  
İlhan DENİZ ◽  
Nurettin YAYLI ◽  
İhsan Güngör ŞAT ◽  
Mehmet ÖZ ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Phenolic Compounds ◽  
Antioxidant Activities ◽  
Sugar Content ◽  
Total Phenolic ◽  
Anthocyanin Content ◽  
Total Anthocyanin ◽  
Total Anthocyanin Content ◽  
The World ◽  
Comprehensive Comparison

Commercial blueberry production has been a viable industry throughout the world for 95 years; because of blueberry is a good source of antioxidant. Blueberries are especially rich in anthocyanin, a flavonoid with potent antioxidant capacity. The aim of this study was to compare the phenolic quantities, antioxidant activities, anthocyanin, sugar and phenolic compounds of blueberries produced in Turkey with those of similar blueberry varieties produced around the world. As a result of the conducted analysis, the total phenolic content (TPC) amount found in the berries was 77.26-215.12 mg GAE/100 g, the total flavonoid content (TFC) was 30.44-91.69 mg QE/100 g and the total anthocyanin content (TAC) was 43.03-295.06 mg c3-GE/100 g. Examining the antioxidant activities of the berries, DPPH between 1.10-5.65 mg/ml, FRAP between 454.93-36832.96 µmol troloks/100 g, β-Carotene between 40.66-86.48%. It was determined that the natural berries contained much more phenolic compounds and higher antioxidant activity than that of the cultivars The result of HPLC analysis, chlorogenic acid is determined to be the dominant compound in all berries. Furthermore, fructose and glucose are found in all fruits in different quantities while sucrose is found in certain varieties of berries as well. At the end of the performed study the data indicate that wild and cultivars of blueberries are rich sources of antioxidants for local as well international industries importing this fruit for food processing and enormous products.

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