Holocaust Denial Online: The Rise of Pseudo-Academic Antisemitism on the Early Internet

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
William Allington
Keyword(s):  
Hate Speech ◽  
Historical Review ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Holocaust Denial ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
New Strategy ◽  
Human Rights Act ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Structure And Design

Holocaust denial has long been ignored by much of the academic community to prevent directing much attention toward it. To try and garner legitimacy, the leaders of the Holocaust denial movement constructed a pseudoacademic framework to promote Holocaust denial as an alternative yet viable view. In the last twenty years Holocaust denial has spread this framework on the Internet with success, as antisemitic works like the Journal for Historical Review are now accessible by an exponentially larger audience at a fraction of the cost. Shortly following the appearance of Holocaust denial online, websites specifically devoted to responding to and refuting Holocaust denial followed in their wake. These websites, while useful archives of material, lack the necessary structure and design to engage with the new mass of Holocaust deniers that have growth out of the deniers’ “colonization” of the Internet. Ultimately, a new strategy must be devised to properly challenge the rise of Holocaust denial online, especially as younger generations are coming online earlier and social media allows for the virtually effortless spread of information.Keywords: 1977 Human Rights Act, 1975 Racial Discrimination Act, antisemitism, Deborah Lipstadt, Ernst Zündel, Frederick Toben, Hate Speech Laws, Holocaust denial, Internet, Nizkor

Estimation of cost of the venture companies in sector of information technologies

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 69-78
Author(s):  
Андрей Гусев ◽  
Andrey Gusev
Keyword(s):  
Real Options ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Main Question ◽  
The Real ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Venture Business ◽  
Second Wave

Prompt development of the information technologies (IT), and also large-scale expansion of penetration of the Internet was one of key catalysts of emergence of "the second wave" venture IT of the companies in recent years. So-called the “first wave” which came to the end with historical correction of the NASDAQ index on 2500 points in the spring of 2000 put both investment, and academic community before the main question: “How to estimate the cost of the venture of IT companies correctly?”. In this work the author through the analysis of specifics of venture IT of business comes to a conclusion about expediency of use of a method of real options with the corresponding modifications considering specifics of venture business. Adaptation of a method of real options to features of sector of information technologies at estimation of cost of the companies is result of the real research.

scholarly journals Hate speech and holocaust denial: The prohibition of false historical discourse in modern society

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tessa McKeown
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Free Speech ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Historical Discourse ◽  
Symbolic Function ◽  
Holocaust Denial ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Upper Level

<p>The existence and magnitude of the largest genocide of the twentieth century, the Holocaust, are now being denied by individuals worldwide. This paper analyses the European legislation criminalising Holocaust denial from a freedom of expression perspective. The paper argues that Holocaust denial is inherently anti-Semitic, and is thus consistent with hate speech theory and the hate speech laws that have been enacted internationally in an attempt to remedy the harm hate speech can cause. The thesis of this paper is that the legislative restrictions on hate speech and Holocaust denial are justified from a free speech perspective on theoretical grounds. Such restrictions are a necessary prioritisation of human dignity and equality in the circumstances. Explicit Holocaust denial laws, while performing an essential symbolic function in European jurisdictions, are unnecessary in non-European states, as generic hate speech laws are sufficient to capture the harm caused by upper-level Holocaust denial.</p>

scholarly journals Hate speech and holocaust denial: The prohibition of false historical discourse in modern society

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Tessa McKeown
Keyword(s):  
Twentieth Century ◽  
Free Speech ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
Freedom Of Expression ◽  
Modern Society ◽  
Historical Discourse ◽  
Symbolic Function ◽  
Holocaust Denial ◽  
The Holocaust ◽  
Upper Level

<p>The existence and magnitude of the largest genocide of the twentieth century, the Holocaust, are now being denied by individuals worldwide. This paper analyses the European legislation criminalising Holocaust denial from a freedom of expression perspective. The paper argues that Holocaust denial is inherently anti-Semitic, and is thus consistent with hate speech theory and the hate speech laws that have been enacted internationally in an attempt to remedy the harm hate speech can cause. The thesis of this paper is that the legislative restrictions on hate speech and Holocaust denial are justified from a free speech perspective on theoretical grounds. Such restrictions are a necessary prioritisation of human dignity and equality in the circumstances. Explicit Holocaust denial laws, while performing an essential symbolic function in European jurisdictions, are unnecessary in non-European states, as generic hate speech laws are sufficient to capture the harm caused by upper-level Holocaust denial.</p>

Navigating in Internet

2009 ◽  
pp. 122-135 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina Akrivopoulou ◽  
Aris Stylianou
Keyword(s):  
Hate Speech ◽  
Personal Information ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Advertising Agencies ◽  
Right To Privacy ◽  
Model Based ◽  
The Right To Privacy ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
The Cost

The chapter faces a series of questions that the digital era raises as far as the protection of privacy is concerned. Technology and specifically internet, apart from posing innovative, complex threats to the autonomy and privacy of the individual constructs a new frame for approaching privacy. The technological texture of the internet calls for a new conception of privacy that can be adopted in those circumstances, such as anonymity. The chapter argues that though anonymity cannot be identified with the right to privacy, represents in fact one of its key functions, its ability as a negative freedom to shield the autonomy of the individual against all kind of threats. Thus, anonymity can foster communication, speech and political expression in the internet. Nevertheless, the cost of protecting privacy as anonymity is substantial since its neutral character can function as a veil for sinister actions such as libel, hate-speech and stalking in cyberspace. The need for ‘reconceptualizing’ privacy in the internet, for the writers confirms the evolving, developing character of the right, whose substantial content is not given or static but is closely connected and constructed via societal change. The chapter explores the technological threats that the right to privacy confronts in the internet, such as “cookies”, “spam messages”, the dangers they pose to the freedom and autonomy of the individual as well as the positive dimensions of the internet, especially its role in democratic accountability and political dialogue. Concluding the writers present three architectures for the protection of privacy in the internet: (a) a model based on informational law, (b) a market based solution, where privacy is understood in contractual terms and (c) a model based on the participation of the users in the uses of their personal information as well as to the enforcement of the accountability of the internet actors, e.g. corporations, advertising agencies.

scholarly journals Scholarly Communication and the Dilemma of Collective Action: Why Academic Journals Cost Too Much

2017 ◽  
Vol 78 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
John Wenzler
Keyword(s):  
Open Access ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Scholarly Communication ◽  
Academic Community ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Scholarly Journals ◽  
Alternative Strategies ◽  
Best Response ◽  
Private Incentives ◽  
The Cost

Why has the rise of the Internet—which drastically reduces the cost of distributing information—coincided with drastic increases in the prices that academic libraries pay for access to scholarly journals? This study argues that libraries are trapped in a collective action dilemma as defined by economist Mancur Olson in The Logic of Collective Action: Public Goods and the Theory of Groups. To truly reduce their costs, librarians would have to build a shared online collection of scholarly resources jointly managed by the academic community as a whole, but individual academic institutions lack the private incentives necessary to invest in a shared collection. Thus, the management of online scholarly journals has been largely outsourced to publishers who have developed monopoly powers that allow them to increase subscription prices faster than the rate of inflation. Many librarians consider the open access movement the best response to increased subscription costs, but the current strategies employed to achieve open access also are undermined by collective action dilemmas. In conclusion, some alternative strategies are proposed.

ANALISA PERBANDINGAN DALAM RANGKA PEMILIHAN BEBERAPA IP UPSTREAM PROVIDER DI PT. INDOSAT

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 57
Author(s):  
Yuli Anwar ◽  
Dahlar .
Keyword(s):  
Business Strategy ◽  
High Speed ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Network Service Provider ◽  
High Speed Data ◽  
Telecommunications Services ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Internet Network

Abstract. One of the advances in information technology that now has changed the outlook and human life, business process and business strategy of an institution is the internet. The internet is a very large networks that connected to computers and serves throughout the world in one centralized network. With the internet we can access data and information anytime and anywhere.    As one provider of high-speed data communications services and the pioneer of the internet network service provider in Indonesia that provides integrated services, as well as one of the pioneer development of internet services that provide extensive services in the building and apply it throughout Indonesia. Indosat ready to seize opportunities for sustainable growth of business spectrum are still sprawling Indonesia.    Therefore, Indosat continues to focus on the development of increased efforts to provide the best service for customers of Indosat. Indosat will continue to develop and expand network coverage and a larger investment that the company will achieve excellence in the field of integrated telecommunications services.    Ranking by region of the IP Providers can be seen by grouping IP Providers, and management over IP Providers prefer to choose providers based on where it orginates as an example for the region of the U.S if it will be preferred providers that come from U.S. providers.With the commencement of the internet network optimization start early in 2008 with the selection of the appropriate IP Upstream Provider criteria, it is up to date according to data obtained from Indosat, seen any significant changes to the cost of purchasing capacity of the IP Upstream.    Based on the data obtained that until Q3 or September 2008, the number of IP Upstream Providers that previously there were 20 to 10 IP Upstream Provider, IP Transit Price total decrease of 11% to the price of IP Transit Price / Mbps there is a decrease of 78%, while from the capacity bandwith an increase of 301% capacity from 2008.

The Internet Trap

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew Hindman
Keyword(s):  
The Internet ◽  
Net Neutrality ◽  
The Public ◽  
Attention Economy ◽  
Digital News ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Over Time

The Internet was supposed to fragment audiences and make media monopolies impossible. Instead, behemoths like Google and Facebook now dominate the time we spend online—and grab all the profits from the attention economy. This book explains how this happened. It sheds light on the stunning rise of the digital giants and the online struggles of nearly everyone else—and reveals what small players can do to survive in a game that is rigged against them. The book shows how seemingly tiny advantages in attracting users can snowball over time. The Internet has not reduced the cost of reaching audiences—it has merely shifted who pays and how. Challenging some of the most enduring myths of digital life, the book explains why the Internet is not the postindustrial technology that has been sold to the public, how it has become mathematically impossible for grad students in a garage to beat Google, and why net neutrality alone is no guarantee of an open Internet. It also explains why the challenges for local digital news outlets and other small players are worse than they appear and demonstrates what it really takes to grow a digital audience and stay alive in today's online economy. The book shows why, even on the Internet, there is still no such thing as a free audience.

Effectiveness of Supervised Classification Models for Hate Speech on Twitter

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kunal Srivastava ◽  
Ryan Tabrizi ◽  
Ayaan Rahim ◽  
Lauryn Nakamitsu
Keyword(s):  
Supervised Classification ◽  
Hate Speech ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Classification Models ◽  
Personal Attack ◽  
Political Beliefs ◽  
The Many ◽  
Primary Medium ◽  
Offensive Speech

<div> <div> <div> <p>Abstract </p> <p>The ceaseless connectivity imposed by the internet has made many vulnerable to offensive comments, be it their physical appearance, political beliefs, or religion. Some define hate speech as any kind of personal attack on one’s identity or beliefs. Of the many sites that grant the ability to spread such offensive speech, Twitter has arguably become the primary medium for individuals and groups to spread these hurtful comments. Such comments typically fail to be detected by Twitter’s anti-hate system and can linger online for hours before finally being taken down. Through sentiment analysis, this algorithm is able to distinguish hate speech effectively through the classification of sentiment. </p> </div> </div> </div>

Hate Speech on the Internet

2021 ◽  
pp. 409-424
Author(s):  
Kazushi Ogura
Keyword(s):  
Hate Speech ◽  
The Internet

Research and Design of Intelligent Lighting Control System Based on Industrial Wireless Technology

2011 ◽  
Vol 467-469 ◽  
pp. 620-624 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Wang ◽  
Wei Ru Chen
Keyword(s):  
Control System ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Control Technology ◽  
Wireless Technology ◽  
Lighting Control ◽  
Turn On ◽  
Point Control ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Research And Design ◽  
The Internet Of Things

The intelligent lighting control system is one of typical applications of the Internet of things. The method of intelligent lighting control system based on industrial wireless technology is proposed in the paper. It used proposed three-point-control technology, and adjusting the brightness of lamps, turn on/off the lamps and a part of fault detection can be realized. At the same time, it can greatly reduce the cost of system. It will be useful to engineer and researchers.

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