Does seroprevalence of Hepatitis-B among voluntary blood donors help in decreasing the burden of disease?

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 104-107
Author(s):  
R Saranika ◽  
◽  
Rashmikumari T R ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Burden Of Disease ◽  
Blood Donors

SEROPREVALENCE OF HIV AND HBsAg AMONGST BLOOD DONORS IN A TERTIARY CARE HOSPITAL, CHHATTISGARH.

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anusha P ◽  
Bankar Nandkishor J ◽  
Karan Jain ◽  
Ramdas Brahmane ◽  
Dhrubha Hari Chandi
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Laboratory Diagnosis ◽  
Blood Bank ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Medical College ◽  
The World ◽  
First Time

INTRODUCTION: India being the second highly populated nation in the world. HIV/AIDS has acquired pandemic proportion in the world. Estimate by WHO for current infection rate in Asia. India has the third largest HIV epidemic in the world. HIV prevalence in the age group 15-49 yrs was an estimate of 0.2%. India has been classified as an intermediate in the Hepatitis B Virus (HBV) endemic (HBsAg carriage 2-7%) zone with the second largest global pool of chronic HBV infections. Safety assessment of the blood supply, the quality of screening measures and the risk of transfusion transmitted infectious diseases (TTIs) in any country can be estimated by scrutinizing the files of blood donors. After the introduction of the blood banks and improved storage facilities, it became more extensively used. Blood is one of the major sources of TTIs like hepatitis B, hepatitis C, HIV, syphilis, and many other blood borne diseases. Disclosure of these threats brought a dramatic change in attitude of physicians and patients about blood transfusion. The objective of this study is to determine the seroprevalence of transfusion transmitted infections amidst voluntary blood donors at a rural tertiary healthcare teaching hospital in Chhattisgarh. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This retrospective study was carried out in Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, Kachandur, Durg. Blood donors were volunteers, or and commercial donors who donated the blood and paid by patients, their families, or friends to replace blood used or expected to be used for patients from the blood bank of the hospital. After proper donation of blood routine screening of blood was carried out according to standard protocol. Laboratory diagnosis of HIV 1 and HIV 2 was carried out by ELISA test. Hepatitis B surface antigen was screened by using ELISA. RESULTS: A total of 1915 consecutive blood donors’ sera were screened at Chandulal Chandrakar Memorial Medical College, blood bank during study period. Of these 1914 were male and 1 female. The mean age of patients was found to be 29.34 years with standard deviation (SD) of 11.65 Years. Among all blood donors in present study, 759(39.63%) were first time donors and 1156(60.37%) were repeated donors. 1 patient was HIV positive in first donation group while 3 (75%) were positive in repeat donation group. 7 (38.9%) were HBsAg positive in in first donation group while 11(61.1%) were positive in repeat donation group. Two patients in first donation group had dual infection of HIV and HBsAg. CONCLUSION: Seropositivity was high in repeated donors as compared to first time donors. The incidence of HIV is observed to be 0.2% and that of HBsAg is 0.94%. Strict selection of blood donors should be done to avoid transfusion-transmissible infections during the window period.

scholarly journals Molecular characteristics of HBV infection among blood donors tested HBsAg reactive in a single ELISA test in southern China

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Xianlin Ye ◽  
Tong Li ◽  
Ran Li ◽  
Heng Liu ◽  
Junpeng Zhao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Viral Load ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Nested Pcr ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Southern China ◽  
Core Promoter ◽  
Elisa Test ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Molecular Characteristics ◽  
Blood Samples

Abstract Background Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is a major concern for blood safety in high-prevalence HBV countries such as China. In Shenzhen, dual hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) have been adopted in parallel with nucleic acid testing (NAT) for donors for over a decade. A small proportion of blood donors test reactive (R) for HBsAg but negative through routine NAT, which can lead to HBV infection with an extremely low viral load. Objectives We aimed to investigate and analyze the molecular characteristics of HBV among blood donors that tested HBsAg R in a single ELISA test. Methods Blood donations were evaluated in this study if confirmed HBsAg R through one of two ELISA kits. Samples with non-reactive (NR) results by NAT were collected and tested for HBsAg by chemiluminescent microparticle immunoassay (CLIA) with a neutralization test. The level of HBsAg was further assessed by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay (ECLIA). The viral basic core promoter (BCP) and pre-core (PC) and S regions were amplified by nested PCR. Quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR) for viral load determination and individual donation (ID)-NAT were adopted simultaneously. HBsAg was confirmed with CLIA, ECLIA, nested PCR, qPCR, and ID-NAT. Results Of the 100,252 donations, 38 and 41 were identified as HBsAg R with Wantai and DiaSorin ELISA kits, respectively. Seventy-nine (0.077%, 79/100,252) blood samples with ELISA R-NR and NAT NR results were enrolled in the study. Of these, 17 (21.5%,17/79) were confirmed as HBsAg-positive. Of the 14 genotyped cases, 78.6% (11/14) were genotype B, and C and D were observed in two and one sample, respectively. Mutations were found in the S gene, including Y100C, Y103I, G145R, and L175S, which can affect the detection of HBsAg. A high-frequency mutation, T1719G (93.3%), was detected in the BCP/PC region, which reduced the viral replication. Conclusion A small number of blood samples with HBsAg ELISA R-NR and NAT NR results were confirmed as HBV infection, viral nucleic acids were found in most of the samples through routine NAT methods. It is necessary to employ more sensitive and specific assays for the detection of HBV infection among blood donors.

Hepatitis B virus DNA in serum of ‘anti-HBc only’-positive healthy Lebanese blood donors: significance and possible implications

2007 ◽  
Vol 66 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. El-Zaatari ◽  
H. Kazma ◽  
M. Naboulsi-Majzoub ◽  
M. Haidar ◽  
F. Ramlawi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Virus Dna ◽  
B Virus

Province of Origin of Hepatitis B Surface Antigen Carriers Among Blood Donors in Port Moresby

1989 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 237-241 ◽  
Author(s):  
Timothy Iga ◽  
D. V. Babona ◽  
G. T. Nurse
Keyword(s):  
Medical Journal ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Surface Antigen ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
Hepatitis B Surface Antigen ◽  
Carrier Status ◽  
Reliable Evidence ◽  
Port Moresby ◽  
Area Of Origin

A paper published in the Medical Journal of Australia in 1972 gave a breakdown of Port Moresby blood donors by HBS Ag carrier status and area of origin. It has lately become possible to test whether such geographical subsamples provide reliable evidence of the carrier status in the home areas, and it appears that, except for the Islands provinces, they do not. Traditional lifestyles conduce to the maintenance and spread of the virus, which is much more prevalent in the provinces than in the capital.

Contrasting patterns and frequency of antibodies to the surface, core, and e antigens of hepatitis b virus in blood donors and in homosexual patients

1980 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-332 ◽  
Author(s):  
R.S. Tedder ◽  
C.H. Cameron ◽  
Ruth Wilson-Croome ◽  
D.R. Howell ◽  
Anne Colgrove ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatitis B Virus ◽  
Hepatitis B ◽  
Blood Donors ◽  
B Virus
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