scholarly journals Assessment of serum nitric oxide level in cigarette smoking

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 43-47
Author(s):  
G Sasirekha ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Vasomotor Tone ◽  
Nitric Oxide Level ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Background: Cigarette smoke has been implicated as a major risk factor in various diseases associated with endothelial dysfunction like essential hypertension, atherosclerosis and related cardiovascular dysfunction. Nitric oxide, an important second messanger plays a pivotal role in maintaining vasomotor tone and its level is also found to be altered in many chronic vascular disorders. The particulates in cigarette smoke is presumed to affect the production NO in vascular endothelium. Hence, it is proposed to study the effect of cigarette smoking in influencing Nitric oxide level. The study sample comprised of 138 chronic smokers and144 apparently healthy nonsmokers . Plasma glucose, total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-c) and triglyceride concentration (TGL) were determined enzymatically and serum NO index (NOx) estimated by Griess method. It was found that serum NOx level was not influenced by biochemical parameters like plasma glucose and lipid profile. The estimated mean NOx levels was slightly lower in smokers(15.92 with SD 5.4) than in nonsmokers (16.66with SD 6.73) . However the difference was not statistically significant ( P= 0.31). It is concluded that there is no significant correlation between serum nitric oxide level and smoking, based on this study.

scholarly journals Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Activity and Nitric Oxide Level in Serum of Patients with Dehydration

2008 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jasminko Huskić ◽  
Filip Čulo ◽  
Sajma Dautović ◽  
Nedžad Mulabegović
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Elbow Joint ◽  
Excellent Result ◽  
Converting Enzyme ◽  
Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Activity ◽  
Nitric Oxide Level ◽  
Post Traumatic ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Elbow Contracture

Pediatric post-traumatic elbow contracture can occur as result of the various injuries of area of the elbow joint. The aim of the study was to investigate the effect of the physical therapy and rehabilitation on the range of the motion of the elbow joint in the post-traumatic elbowcontractures in the childhood. We analyzed in this research 54 children (average age 9,4+/-3,15 years) that were treated because of posttraumatic elbow contractures. Kinesitherapy, occupational therapy and other procedures physical therapy are used in the management. Range of the motion of the elbow was measured at the beginning and the end of the therapy for every child. Functional outcome was presented in degree from 1 to 3 (Flynn). Satisfied result of the therapy at the discharge was in the 94, 45% of the children and 74, 07 % of the children had excellent result The difference in the grade at the beginning and the end of the therapy is statistically significant (t= 13,72, p<0,001). Significant improvement of the range of the motion in the elbow joint in the children with post-traumatic elbow contracture is attained by physical therapy.

A STUDY TO ASSESS THE BIOCHEMICAL PROFILE IN HEALTHY YOUNG MEDICAL PROFESSIONALS IN INDIA

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bishnu Raj ◽  
Ashwini Kumar ◽  
Pratibha Misra ◽  
Kapil Bhatia ◽  
Bhasker Mukherjee ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Coronary Artery Disease ◽  
Coronary Artery ◽  
Plasma Glucose ◽  
Metabolic Disorders ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Lipoprotein Cholesterol ◽  
Medical Professionals ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Artery Disease ◽  
Apparently Healthy

Introduction: Cardiovascular diseases are the most prevalent cause of mortality and morbidity in both developed as well as developing countries. Coronary artery disease (CAD) is usually due to atherosclerosis of large and medium sized arteries. Dyslipidemia and hyperglycemia have been found to be the important contributing factors. Aims and objectives: Present study is done to know the pattern of dyslipidemia and blood glucose status as per National Cholesterol Education Program – Adult treatment panel III (NCEP-ATP III) guidelines and American Diabetes Association (ADA) criteria respectively in young doctors and to sensitize the importance of its implication and to take timely preventive measures. Material and methods: This is a retrospective observational study conducted in a tertiary care hospital. The study group comprised of 173 young doctors from all over India, between age 25 to 29 years who reported to lab for routine medical investigations. The study group included 118 males and 55 females. Serum lipid profile and plasma glucose for 173 subjects were analyzed. Results: In our study 71.7% of total study group had impaired range of plasma glucose values and 10.4% had diabetic range plasma glucose.5.78% of total subjects had Triglyceride (TG) level more than 200 mg/dL.11.56% had total cholesterol (TC) level >240 mg/dL. 45.66% of total subjects had Low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDLc) more than 130 mg/dL. 37.2% of males had high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDLc) less than 40 mg/dL. 40% of females had HDLc less than 50 mg/dL. Thereby implying that even apparently healthy young medical professionals are at increased risk of metabolic disorders like diabetes and dyslipidemia. Conclusion: This study revealed higher prevalence of hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia in apparently healthy medical professionals suggesting higher risk for metabolic disorders like coronary artery disease and diabetes mellitus. The study indicates the need for physical exercise, change in dietary pattern and regular monitoring of biochemical indicators of metabolic diseases. Keywords: Dyslipidemia, Impaired fasting glucose, young, doctors, diabetes

Cigarette smoking delays ulcer healing: role of constitutive nitric oxide synthase in rat stomach

1999 ◽  
Vol 276 (1) ◽  
pp. G238-G248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ma ◽  
Jimmy Yip Chuen Chow ◽  
Chi Hin Cho
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Blood Flow ◽  
Cigarette Smoking ◽  
Cigarette Smoke ◽  
Ulcer Healing ◽  
Gastric Blood Flow ◽  
Cigarette Smoke Exposure ◽  
Ulcer Margin ◽  
Constitutive Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Oxide Synthase

Epidemiological studies have shown that cigarette smoking is associated with peptic ulceration. This study aims to investigate the mechanisms by which cigarette smoking delays ulcer healing in rats. Gastric ulcers were induced by applying acetic acid to the luminal surfaces in rats. Twenty-four hours later, rats were exposed to different concentrations of cigarette smoke (0, 2, or 4%) for a 1-h period once daily for 3 or 6 days. Cigarette smoke exposure delayed ulcer healing and decreased gastric blood flow and angiogenesis at the ulcer margin. These changes were accompanied by a significant reduction of constitutive nitric oxide synthase (cNOS) activity but not PGE2 production and vascular endothelial growth factor levels. Administration ofl-arginine (10 mg/kg iv) completely reversed the adverse actions on ulcer healing, gastric blood flow, and angiogenesis in the mucosa at the ulcer margin but partially restored angiogenesis in granulation tissues. In conclusion, cigarette smoke exposure delays ulcer healing through depression of gastric blood flow and angiogenesis at the ulcer margin. Reduction of cNOS expression and activity is suggested to be involved in these ulcerogenic processes.

scholarly journals FEATURES ОF METABOLIC ACTIVITY ОF VASCULAR ENDOTHELIUM IN PATIENTS WITH PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS

2012 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 29-33
Author(s):  
G. O. Kaminskaya ◽  
R. Yu. Abdaullaev ◽  
O. G. Komissarova
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Von Willebrand Factor ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Endothelin 1 ◽  
Von Willebrand Factor Antigen ◽  
Nitric Oxide Level ◽  
Von Willebrand ◽  
Willebrand Factor ◽  
Factor Antigen

81 patients with active pulmonary tuberculosis were investigated. The morpho-functional status of vascular endothelium was evaluated by plasma levels of stable metabolites of nitric oxide, endothelin-1 and von Willebrand factor antigen. Typical increase of endothelin-1 in positive correlation with systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) expression was established. Nitric oxide level decreased in patients with chronic and severe course of disease. Decrease of nitric oxide level was not associated with SIRS but was consequence of specific intoxication. von Willebrand factor antigen decreased in patients with recent and limited spread of tissue damage but increased progressively with intensity of SIRS. This complex of changes (contrast shifts of nitric oxide and endothelin-1 and von Willebrand factor antigen increase) manifested in endothelium metabolic dysfunction syndrome and developed pre-conditions for microcirculation disturbances.

Endothelium-derived factors modulate contraction of bronchial smooth muscle

1993 ◽  
Vol 264 (5) ◽  
pp. R999-R1003 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. J. McLarty ◽  
C. G. McGregor ◽  
V. M. Miller
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Smooth Muscle ◽  
Vascular Endothelium ◽  
Isometric Force ◽  
Response Curves ◽  
Third Order ◽  
Bronchial Smooth Muscle ◽  
Control Solution ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Difference

Experiments were designed to determine how changes in the ratio of specific vascular endothelium-derived factors might affect reactivity of bronchial smooth muscle. The epithelium was mechanically removed from rings of third-order canine bronchi, and the rings were suspended in organ chambers for measurement of isometric force. Rings of pulmonary artery were cut; in some the endothelium was mechanically removed. The arterial rings were everted and pairs, with and without endothelium, were incubated with control solution, NG-monomethyl-L-arginine (L-NMMA), indomethacin, or both L-NMMA and indomethacin for 90 min. They were then inserted into the lumen of the bronchial rings. Cumulative concentration-response curves to acetylcholine and 5-hydroxytryptamine were obtained. There was no significant difference in response between bronchi containing arteries with or without endothelium incubated with control solution. Contractions of bronchi containing arteries without endothelium, incubated in either L-NMMA or indomethacin, increased from control. However, in rings containing arteries with endothelium, incubation with either inhibitor decreased bronchial contractions. Incubation with both inhibitors eliminated the difference. These results suggest that the vascular endothelium produces factors that can both contract and relax bronchial smooth muscle. With inhibition of production of either nitric oxide with L-NMMA or prostanoids with indomethacin, release of other endothelium-derived factors occurs that attenuates contractions of bronchial smooth muscle. Therefore, an imbalance in the ratio of production of endothelium-derived factors may contribute to bronchospastic disorders.

scholarly journals Effect of hypercholesterolemia on Ca2+-dependent K+ channel-mediated vasodilatation in vivo

2000 ◽  
Vol 279 (4) ◽  
pp. H1600-H1608 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richmond W. Jeremy ◽  
Hugh McCarron
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
No Synthase ◽  
K Channel ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Vasomotor Tone ◽  
Vascular Conductance ◽  
Before And After ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Maximum Conductance

Nitric oxide (NO)-mediated and NO-independent mechanisms of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation involve Ca2+-dependent K+ (KCa) channels. We examined the role in vivo of KCa channels in NO-independent vasodilatation in hypercholesterolemia. Hindlimb vascular conductance was measured at rest and after aortic injection of ACh, bradykinin (BK), and sodium nitroprusside in anesthetized control and cholesterol-fed rabbits. Conductances were measured before and after treatment with the NO synthase antagonist N ω-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (l-NAME, 10 mg/kg) or KCa blockers tetraethylammonium (30 mg/kg), charybdotoxin (10 μg/kg), and apamin (50 μg/kg). The contribution of NO to basal conductance was greater in control than in cholesterol-fed rabbits [2.2 ± 0.4 vs. 1.1 ± 0.3 (SE) ml · min−1 · kg−1 · 100 mmHg−1, P < 0.05], but the NO-independent KCa channel-mediated component was greater in the cholesterol-fed than in the control group (1.1 + 0.4 vs. 0.3 ± 0.1 ml · min−1 · kg−1 · 100 mmHg−1, P < 0.05). Maximum conductance response to ACh and BK was less in cholesterol-fed than in control rabbits, and the difference persisted after l-NAME (ACh: 7.7 ± 0.7 vs. 10.1 ± 0.5 ml · min−1 · kg−1 · 100 mmHg−1, P < 0.005). Blockade of KCa channels with tetraethylammonium or charybdotoxin + apamin almost completely abolished l-NAME-resistant vasodilatation after ACh or BK. The magnitude of KCa-mediated vasodilatation after ACh or BK was impaired in hypercholesterolemic rabbits. Vasodilator responses to nitroprusside did not differ between groups. In vivo , hypercholesterolemia is associated with an altered balance between NO-mediated and NO-independent KCa channel contributions to resting vasomotor tone and impairment of both mechanisms of endothelium-dependent vasodilatation.

Endothelial nitric oxide synthase polymorphism and venous thromboembolism: A meta-analysis of 9 studies involving 3993 subjects

2021 ◽  
pp. 026835552110166
Author(s):  
Guangbin Huang ◽  
Xuejun Deng ◽  
Yanan Xu ◽  
Pan Wang ◽  
Tao Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Venous Thromboembolism ◽  
Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Enos Polymorphism ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Oxide Synthase ◽  
Endothelial Nitric Oxide ◽  
Intron 4

Background Endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) polymorphism may influence the risk of venous thromboembolism (VTE). However, data from published studies with low statistical power are inconclusive. The present meta-analysis aimed to assess the relationship between eNOS polymorphism and the risk of VTE. Method Case-control studies evaluating the association between the eNOS polymorphism and VTE were searched in PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, Google Scholar, Wanfang, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), the Chongqing VIP Chinese Science and Technology Periodical Database (VIP), and Chinese Biomedical Literature Database (CBM). Results A total of 1588 cases and 2405 controls from 9 studies were included in the analysis. The results showed that eNOS G894T polymorphism was related to VTE susceptibility and the difference was statistically significant [T vs G: OR = 1.41, 95% CI (1.13, 1.75), P = 0.002; TT + GG vs TG: OR = 0.71, 95% CI (0.60, 0.84), P = 0.000; TT + TG vs GG: OR = 1.45, 95% CI (1.23, 1.70), P = 0.000]. Additionally, eNOS Intron 4 VNTR polymorphism was related to VTE susceptibility and the difference was statistically significant [4b4b vs 4a4a + 4a4b: OR = 2.77, 95% CI (1.01, 7.61), P = 0.048]. Conclusion ENOS G894T and eNOS Intron 4 VNTR polymorphisms were associated with VTE susceptibility, especially in Asian populations. However, multicenter studies with larger samples should be conducted to further clarify this association and verify our findings.

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