scholarly journals Mood aspects of rapid weight loss in adolescent wrestlers

Kinesiology ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-236 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hrvoje Karninčić ◽  
Mario Baić ◽  
Kristijan Slačanac
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Urine Specific Gravity ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Low Weight ◽  
Weight Groups ◽  
Body Mass Reduction

The aims of this paper were: a) to present weight reduction habits of adolescent wrestlers; b) to establish differences in mood states between weight groups; and c) to determine relations between weight loss and indicators of hydration with mood states. Adolescent wrestlers do resort to rapid weight loss (RWL) regimens in their training process and competition – 70.1% of the subjects reduced their body mass and the reduction regime usually lasted one week. Similar habits have been reported in other studies despite the well evidenced detrimental effects of RWL. Urine specific gravity (USG) values suggest that all the subjects were in the state of dehydration ranging from a mild to a high one. The groups of low weight (LW) and middle weight (MW) wrestlers reduced their body mass significantly more than others (BM; p<.05) and their sensation of fatigue was significantly higher (p<.05). The variables body mass reduction and %BM reduction were correlated with negative mood states, whereas the indicators of hydration in one of the groups (MW) established ambiguous relations with dehydration and positive mood states.

scholarly journals Prevalence, Magnitude and Methods of Rapid Weight Loss Reported by Male Mixed Martial Arts Athletes in Ireland

Sports ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Connor ◽  
Brendan Egan
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Martial Arts ◽  
Average Weight ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Mixed Martial Arts ◽  
Weight Category ◽  
Water Loading ◽  
Body Mass Reduction

Rapid weight loss (RWL) is frequently practiced in weight category sports, including Mixed Martial Arts (MMA). The aim of the present study was to describe self-reported methods of RWL in a sample of competitive MMA athletes comprising of both amateur and professional fighters. The previously-validated Rapid Weight Loss Questionnaire, with the addition of questions on water loading and hot salt baths, was completed anonymously online by athletes (n = 30; all male, n = 15/15 professional/amateur) from MMA clubs around Dublin, Ireland. All but one (97%) of the athletes surveyed lost weight in order to compete, with the average weight loss being 7.9% ± 3.1% of habitual body mass. The RWL score (mean ± SD) for this sample was 37.9 ± 9.6, and a tendency for higher [6.0 (95%CI; −1.1, 13.1) (p = 0.093; d = 0.64)] RWL scores for professional (40.8 ± 8.9) compared to amateur (34.8 ± 9.6) athletes was observed. Frequencies of “always” or “sometimes” were reported as 90% for water loading, 76% for hot salt baths and 55% for 24 h of fasting. Fellow fighters (41%) and coaches/mentors (38%) were “very influential” on RWL practices of these athletes, with doctors (67%), dietitians (41%), and physical trainers (37%) said to be “not influential”. RWL is highly prevalent in MMA across both amateur and professional athletes, and RWL scores are higher than other combat sports. Water loading and hot salt baths are amongst the most commonly used methods of RWL despite little research on these methods for body mass reduction or effects on performance in weight category sports.

scholarly journals Comparison of the effect of rapeseed oil or amaranth seed oil supplementation on weight loss, body composition, and changes in the metabolic profile of obese patients following 3-week body mass reduction program: A randomized clinical trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Moszak ◽  
Agnieszka Zawada ◽  
Aldona Juchacz ◽  
Marian Grzymisławski ◽  
Paweł Bogdański
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Reduction Program ◽  
Amaranth Seed ◽  
Body Mass Reduction

Abstract Background: Amaranth seed oil (ASO) and rapeseed oil (RSO) are functional foods that display antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties. These oils are also known to lower glucose and cholesterol levels. The current study compared the effects exerted by RSO and ASO on weight loss and metabolic parameters during a 3-week body mass reduction program. Methods: Eighty-one obese subjects (BMI > 30 kg/m2), aged 25-70 years, were enrolled in a 3-week body mass reduction program based on a calorie-restricted diet and physical activity. Participants were randomly categorized into an AO group (administered 20 mL/d of ASO), a RO group (administered 20 mL/d of RSO), and a C group (control; untreated). Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were measured at baseline and endpoint. Results: Significant decreases in weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), fat mass (FM), lean body mass (LBM), visceral fat mass (VFM), and total body water (TBW%) were observed in all groups (P < 0.05). No significant improvements were observed in the clinical parameters of group C. Fasting insulin (Δ -5.9, and Δ -5.7) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (Δ -1.1 and Δ -0.5) were decreased in both RO and AO groups, respectively. Fasting glucose (Δ -8.5; P = 0.034), total cholesterol (Δ -14.6; P = 0.032), non-HDL cholesterol (Δ 15.9; P = 0.010), TG/HDL ratio (Δ -0.6; P = 0.032), LDL cholesterol (Δ -12.3; P = 0.042), and triglycerides (Δ -6.5; P = 0.000) were significantly improved in the AO group, compared to the RO group. Conclusions: The 3-week body mass reduction intervention caused a significant reduction in the weight, BMI, WC, HC, FM, and VFM of all groups. Except for HOMA-IR, there were no statistical differences between the clinical parameters of all groups. However, a trend toward improved insulin levels and HDL% was noticeable in AO and RO. Therapies involving edible oils with high nutritional value, such as RSO and ASO, show potential for improving metabolic measurements during body mass reduction programs. Thus, obese patients undertaking weight reduction programs may benefit from RSO and ASO supplementation.

scholarly journals Physical Activity, Sleep, and Sedentary Behavior among Successful Long-Term Weight Loss Maintainers: Findings from a U.S. National Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (11) ◽  
pp. 5557
Author(s):  
Gregory Knell ◽  
Qing Li ◽  
Elisa Morales-Marroquin ◽  
Jeffrey Drope ◽  
Kelley Pettee Gabriel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Sedentary Time ◽  
Body Weight Loss ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Sedentary Behaviors ◽  
Weight Loss Success ◽  
Body Mass Reduction

Despite adults’ desire to reduce body mass (weight) for numerous health benefits, few are able to successfully lose at least 5% of their starting weight. There is evidence on the independent associations of physical activity, sedentary behaviors, and sleep with weight loss; however, this study provided insight on the combined effects of these behaviors on long-term body weight loss success. Hence, the purpose of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate the joint relations of sleep, physical activity, and sedentary behaviors with successful long-term weight loss. Data are from the 2005–2006 wave of the National Health and Examination Survey (NHANES). Physical activity and sedentary behavior were measured with an accelerometer, whereas sleep time was self-reported. Physical activity and sleep were dichotomized into meeting guidelines (active/not active, ideal sleep/short sleep), and sedentary time was categorized into prolonged sedentary time (4th quartile) compared to low sedentary time (1st–3rd quartiles). The dichotomized behaviors were combined to form 12 unique behavioral combinations. Two-step multivariable regression models were used to determine the associations between the behavioral combinations with (1) long-term weight loss success (≥5% body mass reduction for ≥12-months) and (2) the amount of body mass reduction among those who were successful. After adjustment for relevant factors, there were no significant associations between any of the independent body weight loss behaviors (physical activity, sedentary time, and sleep) and successful long-term weight loss. However, after combining the behaviors, those who were active (≥150 min MVPA weekly), regardless of their sedentary time, were significantly (p < 0.05) more likely to have long-term weight loss success compared to the inactive and sedentary referent group. These results should be confirmed in longitudinal analyses, including investigation of characteristics of waking (type, domain, and context) and sleep (quality metrics) behaviors for their association with long-term weight loss success.

scholarly journals Comparison of the effect of rapeseed oil or amaranth seed oil supplementation on weight loss, body composition, and changes in the metabolic profile of obese patients following 3-week body mass reduction program: A randomized clinical trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Moszak ◽  
Agnieszka Zawada ◽  
Aldona Juchacz ◽  
Marian Grzymisławski ◽  
Paweł Bogdański
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Reduction Program ◽  
Amaranth Seed ◽  
Body Mass Reduction

Abstract Background: Amaranth seed oil (ASO) and rapeseed oil (RSO) are functional foods that display antioxidant and hepatoprotective properties. These oils are also known to lower glucose and cholesterol levels. The current study compared the effects exerted by RSO and ASO on weight loss and metabolic parameters during a 3-week body mass reduction program.Methods: Eighty-one obese subjects (BMI > 30 kg/m2), aged 25-70 years, were enrolled in a 3-week body mass reduction program based on a calorie-restricted diet and physical activity. Participants were randomly categorized into an AO group (administered 20 mL/d of ASO), a RO group (administered 20 mL/d of RSO), and a C group (control; untreated). Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were measured at baseline and endpoint. Results: Significant decreases in weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC), hip circumference (HC), fat mass (FM), lean body mass (LBM), visceral fat mass (VFM), and total body water (TBW%) were observed in all groups (P < 0.05). No significant improvements were observed in the clinical parameters of group C. Fasting insulin (Δ -5.9, and Δ -5.7) and homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (Δ -1.1 and Δ -0.5) were decreased in both RO and AO groups, respectively. Fasting glucose (Δ -8.5; P = 0.034), total cholesterol (Δ -14.6; P = 0.03), non-HDL cholesterol (Δ 15.9; P = 0.01), TG/HDL ratio (Δ -0.6; P = 0.032), LDL cholesterol (Δ -12.3; P = 0.042), and triglycerides (Δ -6.5; P = 0.000) were significantly improved in the AO group, compared to the RO group. Conclusions: The 3-week body mass reduction intervention caused a significant reduction in the weight, BMI, WC, HC, FM, and VFM of all groups. Except for HOMA-IR, there were no statistical differences between the clinical parameters of all groups. However, a trend toward improved insulin levels and HDL% was noticeable in AO and RO. Therapies involving edible oils with high nutritional value, such as RSO and ASO, show potential for improving metabolic measurements during body mass reduction programs. Thus, obese patients undertaking weight reduction programs may benefit from RSO and ASO supplementation.Trial registration: retrospectively registered, DRKS00017708

scholarly journals Multilevel Evaluation of Rapid Weight Loss in Wrestling and Taekwondo

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cecilia Castor-Praga ◽  
Jeanette M. Lopez-Walle ◽  
Javier Sanchez-Lopez
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Ad Hoc ◽  
Comprehensive Evaluation ◽  
Weight Maintenance ◽  
Negative Mood ◽  
Relative Weight ◽  
Mood States ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Psychological Consequences ◽  
Relative Weight Loss

The practice of strategies for rapid weight loss (RWL) involve diverse factors, such as individual expectations, social interactions, structural elements, etc., conforming to a “culture” of RWL, which must be evaluated and understood in a broad sense. Based on the need of a comprehensive evaluation of the use of RWL in practitioners of combat sports, an ad hoc questionnaire designed for this study, which includes the types and detailed descriptions of RWL strategies, that athletes currently use, the prevalence and frequency of use, the physiological and psychological consequences, the perception of the effect of RWL on their own performance and finally, the individuals who influence the adoption of this practice. One hundred and sixty combat athletes from wrestling and taekwondo disciplines, from Mexico, filled out this questionnaire. Data collected for their statistical analyses. Results revealed a RWL strategies prevalence of 96% across the participants. Our results revealed that 57% of those athletes using RWL lose more than 5% of their body mass. Across the athletes, the most commonly used RWL strategies and with higher intensity were increased exercise and training with plastic or thick clothes. The greater the relative weight loss, the greater the presence of physiological symptoms in athletes, such as rapid breathing and blood pressure. Athletes also mentioned mood states such as tiredness, sadness, confusion, fatigue and vigor, these last two positive and negative mood states are associated with the relative weight loss, respectively. Finally, the people who most influenced the adoption of RWL strategies were the coaches, parents and nutritionists. In conclusion, the questionnaire prepared for this study allowed us to obtain valuable information about the several factors, and their interactions, involved in the practice of RWL in combat athletes. This type of practice could increase health risks and decrease their performance. Therefore, here we state the importance of a comprehensive evaluation of RWL strategies that allows the development of psycho-educational and social-based interventions and programs for the promotion of proper weight maintenance, and prevention against RWL strategies, involving the individuals who influence the adoption of these practices and supporting it with the help of communication technologies.

Methods of Body-Mass Reduction by Combat Sport Athletes

2012 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 89-97 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ciro José Brito ◽  
Aendria Fernanda Castro Martins Roas ◽  
Igor Surian Souza Brito ◽  
João Carlos Bouzas Marins ◽  
Claudio Córdova ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass ◽  
Rapid Weight Loss ◽  
Combat Sports ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Combat Sport ◽  
Tae Kwon Do ◽  
Descriptive Research ◽  
Competitive Athletes ◽  
First Time ◽  
Body Mass Reduction

The aim of this study was to investigate the methods adopted to reduce body mass (BM) in competitive athletes from the grappling (judo, jujitsu) and striking (karate and tae kwon do) combat sports in the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil. An exploratory methodology was employed through descriptive research, using a standardized questionnaire with objective questions self-administered to 580 athletes (25.0 ± 3.7 yr, 74.5 ± 9.7 kg, and 16.4% ± 5.1% body fat). Regardless of the sport, 60% of the athletes reported using a method of rapid weight loss (RWL) through increased energy expenditure. Strikers tend to begin reducing BM during adolescence. Furthermore, 50% of the sample used saunas and plastic clothing, and only 26.1% received advice from a nutritionist. The authors conclude that a high percentage of athletes uses RWL methods. In addition, a high percentage of athletes uses unapproved or prohibited methods such as diuretics, saunas, and plastic clothing. The age at which combat sport athletes reduce BM for the first time is also worrying, especially among strikers.

scholarly journals Comparison of the effect of rapeseed oil or amaranth seed oil supplementation on weight loss, body composition, and changes in the metabolic profile of obese patients following 3-week body mass reduction program: a randomized clinical trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Moszak ◽  
Agnieszka Zawada ◽  
Aldona Juchacz ◽  
Marian Grzymisławski ◽  
Paweł Bogdański
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Clinical Parameters ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Reduction Program ◽  
Amaranth Seed ◽  
Body Mass Reduction

Abstract Background: Amaranth seed oil (ASO) and rapeseed oil (RSO) are representative functional food with glucose and cholesterol-lowering, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties. We aimed to compare the effect of RSO and ASO on weight loss and metabolic parameters during the 3-week body mass reduction program.Methods: Eighty-one obese subjects (BMI > 30 kg/m2) aged 25-70 years enrolled in a 3-week body mass reduction program based on calorie-restricted diet and physical activity. The participants were randomly administered 20 mL/d of ASO (AO group) or 20 mL/d of RSO (RO group) or were assigned to the control (C) group (without oil supplementation). Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were measured at baseline and at an endpoint. Results: At the end of the study, significant (P < 0.05) decrease in weight, BMI, WC (waist circumference), HC (hip circumference), FM (fat mass), LBM (lean body mass), VFM (visceral fat mass), and TBW% (total body water) were observed in all groups. There were no significant improvements in clinical parameters in the C group, while reduction in fasting insulin (Δ -5.9, P = 0.001 and Δ -5.7, P = 0.005) and HOMA-IR (Δ -1.1, P = 0.02 and Δ -0.5, P = 0.03) were observed in the RO and AO groups. Compared to the RO group, significant improvement in fasting glucose Δ -8.5, (P = 0.03), total cholesterol (Δ -14.6, P = 0.03), non-HDL cholesterol (Δ 15.9, P = 0.01), TG/HDL ratio (Δ -0.6, P = 0.03), LDL cholesterol (Δ -12.3, P = 0.04), and triglycerides (Δ -6.5, P = 0.000) in the AO group were observed. Conclusions: The 3-week body mass reduction intervention resulted in a significant reduction in weight, BMI, WC, HC, FM, and VFM in all the studied groups. Except for HOMA-IR, in clinical parameters were no statistical differences between all groups. However, the trend to improvement in insulin level and HDL% was noticed only in AO and RO. Therapies targeting edible oils with high nutritional value as RSO and ASO may in the future be a promising tool in support metabolic measurement improvement during the body mass reduction programs.Take home message: Supplementation with RSO or ASO may bring additional benefits to obese patients undertaking a weight reduction program.Trial registration: DRKS00017708

scholarly journals Comparison of the effect of rapeseed oil or amaranth seed oil supplementation on weight loss, body composition, and changes in the metabolic profile of obese patients following 3-week body mass reduction program: a randomized clinical trial

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Małgorzata Moszak ◽  
Agnieszka Zawada ◽  
Aldona Juchacz ◽  
Marian Grzymisławski ◽  
Paweł Bogdański
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Rapeseed Oil ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Metabolic Parameters ◽  
Fasting Insulin ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Reduction Program ◽  
Amaranth Seed ◽  
Body Mass Reduction

Abstract Background: Amaranth seed oil (ASO) and rapeseed oil (RSO) are representative functional food with glucose and cholesterol-lowering, antioxidant, and hepatoprotective properties. We aimed to determine whether compared to RSO, ASO supplementation can improve the weight loss and metabolic parameters when consumed as a part of a 3-week weight loss program.Methods: Eighty-one obese subjects (BMI > 30 kg/m 2 ) aged 25−70 years enrolled in a 3-week body mass reduction program based on calorie-restricted diet and physical activity. The participants were randomly administered 20 ml/d of ASO (AO group) or 20 ml/d of RSO (RO group), or were assigned to the control (C) group. Anthropometric and metabolic parameters were measured at baseline and at endpoint.Results: At the end of the study, significant ( P < 0.05) decrease in weight, BMI, WC (waist circumference), HC (hip circumference), FM (fat mass), LBM (lean body mass), VFM (visceral fat mass), and TBW% (total body water) were observed in all the studied groups. There were no significant improvements in clinical parameters in the C group, while reduction in fasting insulin ( P = 0.001 and P = 0.005) and HOMA-IR ( P = 0.02 and P = 0.03) were observed in the RO and AO groups. Compared to the RO group, we observed significant improvement in fasting glucose ( P = 0.03), total cholesterol ( P = 0.03), non-HDL cholesterol ( P = 0.01), TG/HDL ratio ( P = 0.03), LDL cholesterol ( P = 0.04), and triglycerides ( P = 0.000008) in the AO group.Conclusions: The 3-week body mass reduction intervention resulted in statistically significant reduction in weight, BMI, WC, HC, FM, and VFM in all the studied groups. The fasting insulin level and HOMA-IR improved in both AO and RO groups. In contrast to the RO group, positive changes in glucose and lipid levels were observed in the AO group. Compared to the AO and RO groups, subjects without oil supplementation did not show improvement in clinical parameters. Thus, edible oils may improve metabolic parameters during weight loss programs.

Differential effects of rapid and slow body mass reduction on body composition during an equivalent weight loss in rats

2010 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. e91-e100
Author(s):  
Shinji Tai ◽  
Yachiyo Harada ◽  
Yukari Yokota ◽  
Yasukimi Tsurumi ◽  
Mitsuhiko Masuhara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Equivalent Weight ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Differential Effects ◽  
Body Mass Reduction

PS02.196: STUDY OF BODY COMPOSITION CHANGE AFTER ESOPHAGECTOMY

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 177-178
Author(s):  
Takashi Ogata ◽  
Hiroaki Osakabe ◽  
Shinsuke Nagasawa ◽  
Masato Nakazono ◽  
Kentaro Hara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Loss ◽  
Body Composition ◽  
Lean Body Mass ◽  
Body Mass ◽  
Loss Rate ◽  
Reduction Rate ◽  
Mass Reduction ◽  
Weight Loss Rate ◽  
Body Composition Change ◽  
Body Mass Reduction

Abstract Background Esophageal cancer surgery with lymphadenectomy is known as a cause of weight loss during perioperative period, but the change of body composition is unclear. Methods The aim of study is to clarify the influence of body composition change after esophagectomy. 144 patients(51 cases without NAC and 93 cases with NAC: 98 cases with less than G2 perioperative complications and 46 cases with G2 or more perioperative complications: 36 cases with recurrence and 108 cases without recurrence were included) of esophageal cancer who underwent esophagectomy with lymphadenectomy from August 2011 to December 2016 and evaluated body composition examination before operation and after operation(1, 3, 6 month) were included in this study. We compared the change of body composition between with or without preoperative chemotherapy, postoperative complication, and recurrence. Results The weight loss rate at discharging hospital, 1,3,6 month after discharge for without NAC group/with NAC group was 3.3/3.8%, 7.8/6.8%, 10.1/9.2%, 11.1/9.1% (NS), and the lean body mass reduction rate was 4.1/4.5%, 7.1/6.6%, 6.5/6.7% (N.S.), 6.6/4.3% (P < 0.05). The weight loss rate for with less than G2 perioperative complication group/with G2 or more perioperative complication group was 2.9/4.9%(P < 0.01), 6.1/8.7%(P < 0.01), 8.4/12.1%(P < 0.01), 8.4/11.2%(P < 0.05), and the lean body mass reduction rate was 3.7/5.9%(P < 0.05), 5.9/9.0%(P < 0.01), 5.6/9.6%(P < 0.01), 4.4/5.5%(N.S.). And there was no significant differences of weight loss rate and lean body mass reduction rate at discharging hospital, 1,3,6 month after discharge between with recurrence group and without recurrence group. Conclusion Due to postoperative complications after esophagectomy, the rate of weight loss increased from hospital discharge to 6 months after discharge. Particularly, lean body mass was reduced within 3 months. So, we may have a strategy such as continuing enteral nutrition even after discharge for complicated cases. Disclosure All authors have declared no conflicts of interest.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document