Desaparición forzada y violencia sexual contra mujeres en Putumayo, Colombia

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (14) ◽  
pp. 42-67
Author(s):  
Ana Guatame Garcia ◽  
Ovidio Delgado Mahecha
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Institutional Responses ◽  
Analytical Review ◽  
Basic Concepts ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Governmental Institutions

En este artículo se describen las generalidades del contexto socioespacial y territorial del departamento de Putumayo y se enuncian algunas de sus relaciones con el conflicto social arma- do en el que se inscribe la desaparición forzada y la violencia sexual contra las mujeres. Se presenta una reseña analítica del marco normativo referente a la desaparición forzada y la violen- cia sexual, que reconoce y regula la tipificación de dichos delitos. Con base en informes de varias instituciones gubernamentales y no gubernamentales, y con información primaria recogida en trabajo de campo, se documenta y analiza la desaparición forzada y la violencia sexual contra las mujeres en Putumayo, se evalúan sus consecuencias y las respuestas institucionales a las familias de las víctimas. This article describes the basic concepts of the socio-spatial and territorial context of the Colombian department Of Pu- tumayo and states its relationships with the Colombian social armed conflict that involves enforced disappearance and sexual violence against women. An analytical review of the regula- tory framework referring to the enforced disappearance and sexual violence is presented and it recognizes and regulates the categorization of these crimes. Based on reports from several governmental and non-governmental institutions and with the primary information collected by fieldwork, the enforced disap- pearance and sexual violence against women coming from the Colombian department of Putumayo are documented and ana- lyzed. Its consequences and institutional responses to the vic- tims’ families are assessed. 

scholarly journals Apuntes para entender la violencia sexual contra los hombres en el marco del conflicto armado colombiano

2018 ◽  
pp. 85-133
Author(s):  
Paulín Daniela López Gómez
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Field Work ◽  
The Body ◽  
Public Officials ◽  
Work Analysis ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
Las Mujeres

En medio de la guerra, uno de los tipos de violencia más recurrentes es la sexual, por medio de la cual, se convierte el cuerpo en un campo de batalla, en un transmisor de la crueldad y en campo de dolor extremo. Sin embargo, hasta hoy, es muy poco lo que se sabe sobre esta violencia en contra de los hombres, en parte, por la falta de denuncia y por la creencia de que las únicas protagonistas en estos casos son las mujeres. Con base en lo anterior, este documento presenta un acercamiento a la violencia sexual contra los hombres en el marco del conflicto armado colombiano, trabajo que se llevó a cabo mediante la consulta de prensa, entrevistas con funcionarios públicos, trabajo de campo, análisis de fuentes secundarias, sentencias de paramilitares acogidos a Justicia y Paz y los informes de las denuncias y reportes de Derechos Humanos.   Remarks for Understanding Sexual Violence against Men within the Context of the Colombian Armed Conflict Abstract: In the midst of war, one of the most recurrent types of violence is sexual, by means of which, the body becomes a battlefield, a transmitter of cruelty and a field of extreme pain. However, until now, very little is known about this violence against men, in part because of the lack of denunciation and the belief that sexual violence only happens against women. Based on the foregoing, this article presents an approach to sexual violence against men in the context of the Colombian armed conflict. This work was carried out through press consultation, interviews with public officials, field work, analysis of secondary sources, sentences of paramilitaries under Justice and Peace and consultation of complaints and reports on human rights reports. Keywords: sexual violence, torture, feminization, homosexualization, hegemonic masculinity, excess,body.  

scholarly journals Continuum de la violencia: un desafío para las políticas públicas

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Cecilia Barraza Morelle
Keyword(s):  
Public Policy ◽  
Human Rights ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Family Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Gender Mainstreaming ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
Las Mujeres

Resumen: Esta ponencia plantea el problema de laviolencia contra las mujeres en el contexto de las políticaspúblicas para mujeres el municipio de Cali, desdeel enfoque de derechos humanos. Se advierte que esfundamental la participación de la sociedad en la definiciónde las políticas públicas, puesto que el fin últimode las políticas públicas es transformar la sociedad, paralo cual se plantea la meta de transversalizar el género enla administración. Se presenta el panorama de laviolencia intrafamiliar y sexual mediante datos forenses.Se reconoce la incidencia del conflicto armado enColombia, así como la existencia de una brecha considerableentre el reconocimiento formal de los derechosde las mujeres y el ejercicio real de éstos. Finalmente, seconcluye que se deben diseñar políticas que cumplancon cuatro condiciones: continuas en el tiempo, integrales,enmarcadas en una política de Estado, e insertasen esfuerzos de construcción de paz y democracia parael conjunto de la sociedad.Palabras clave: Violencia contra las mujeres, violenciasexual, violencia intrafamiliar, políticas públicas,transversalización de género.Abstract: This presentation focuses violence againstwomen in the context of public policy for women in Califrom a human rights approach. The participation ofsociety as a whole in defining public policy is seen asfundamental, sin its ultimate end is to transform society,which necessitates the goal of gender mainstreaming. Thepanorama of family and sexual violence is presentedthrough forensic data. The incidence of the armed conflictin Colombia is important, and there is a considerablegap between the formal acknowledgement of women’srights and their enjoyment by women in reality. Finally,it is concluded that public policies to be designed shouldfulfill four conditions: they must be continuous, integral,framed in a State policy, and in efforts for the constructionof peace and democracy for society as a whole.Key Words: Violence against women, sexual violence,family violence, public policy, gender mainstreaming.

The Response to Violence against Women in Côte d’Ivoire

2020 ◽  
pp. 109-120
Author(s):  
Peace A. Medie
Keyword(s):  
Domestic Violence ◽  
Civil Society ◽  
Civil War ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Cote D'ivoire ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Police Force ◽  
Security Sector ◽  
The Government

This chapter covers the state’s, the women’s movement’s, and international actors’ responses to rape and domestic violence before, during, and after the Ivoirian conflict. It explains that unlike Liberia, there was some government and civil society attention to violence against women before the outbreak of armed conflict in 2002. Pressure from the UN and other international actors also contributed to the introduction of initiatives within the security sector to address violence against women during the conflict, including a specialized mechanism within the police force. The chapter explains how the UN’s attention to sexual violence during the Ivoirian conflict increased after the second civil war and generated pressure on the government to create the gender desks.

scholarly journals El desplazamiento forzado tiene rostro de mujer

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 65 ◽  
Author(s):  
Diana Britto Ruiz
Keyword(s):  
Women Victims ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Multiple Forms ◽  
Forced Displacement ◽  
La Paz ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
The Way

Resumen: La violencia contra las mujeres, un factorconstante en todas las sociedades, es un fenómeno máspalpable en aquellas en las que se vive conflicto armado.Sin embargo, es una violencia que pareciera, a juzgarpor la manera como es abordada, o mejor, como esignorada, de menor gravedad para la sociedad. Suelehacerse el balance de la guerra en términos de víctimasmortales, la mayoría varones, pero existen gran cantidadde mujeres víctimas de múltiples violencias, y quizá unade las más negativas para el fortalecimiento de la paz yla democracia, es el desplazamiento forzado. Esteartículo busca mostrar cómo en el caso colombiano, laviolencia contra las mujeres expresada en el desplazamientoforzado, es la manifestación clara de patronesculturales de exclusión contra las mujeres, que estánarraigados en las bases mismas de la vida republicana.Y que en ese sentido, el reto del trabajo organizado delas mujeres es la transformación de la violencia a travésde estrategias colectivas de empoderamiento y autonomía.Palabras clave: Género, desplazamiento forzado,organizaciones de mujeres, empoderamiento, autonomía.Abstract: Violence against women, a constant factorin all societies, is a more palpable phenomenon in thosein which there is armed conflict. However, it is a form ofviolence that seems to be of lesser importance, judgingfrom the way it is ignored. Usually the balance of war ismade in terms of fatalities, most of them male victims, butthere are many women victims of multiple forms ofviolence, and perhaps one of the most negative for thestrengthening of peace and democracy is forceddisplacement. This article aims to show how in Colombiaviolence against women is the clearest manifestation ofcultural patterns of exclusion of women, patterns rootedin the very foundations of republican life, and thattherefore the greatest challenge for women’s organizedwork is t5he transformation fo violence by means ofcollective strategies of empowerment and autonomy.Key words: Gender, forced displacement, women’sorganizations, empowerment, autonomy.

scholarly journals Una lectura crítica de la regulación legal de las violencias machistas en Lamu, Kenia, desde la aportación de las mujeres indígenas = A Critical Reading of the Legal Regulation of Violence against Women in Lamu, Kenia, from the Contribution of Indigenous Women

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 119
Author(s):  
Ana Fernández Quiroga
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Legal Regulation ◽  
Indigenous Women ◽  
Gender Violence ◽  
Sexual Assaults ◽  
Judicial Process ◽  
The Face ◽  
Las Mujeres ◽  
Experiences Of Women

Resumen. Las violencias machistas son un problema global de primer orden. Sus mani­festaciones son muy diversas y deben tratarse como un problema intersectorial, ya que influye en sus distintos grados de opresión las diferencias étnicas, de clase o de nivel sociocultural. Son innumerables los instrumentos legales que se han promulgado para su erradicación pero sin mejorar en gran medida las cifras de violencia a nivel mundial. En parte debido a que se ha olvidado en muchas ocasiones contar con las propias voces y experiencias de las mujeres que han sufrido estas experiencias y se ha caído en falsos paternalismos en su regulación y en otra parte porque algunas de sus manifestaciones se realizan en espacios privados y quedan invisibilizadas, especialmente las agresiones sexuales dentro del matrimonio. La presente co­municación se refiere a una investigación llevada a cabo en una isla de Kenia llamada Lamu donde se desarrollan distintos proyectos de empoderamiento social y económico de las mu­jeres indígenas. En la misma se trata de conocer el grado de conocimiento y legitimación de la legislación contra las violencias machistas, las barreras en el proceso judicial y la diversidad existente según la etnia, la religión o el nivel socio-cultural, así como las estrategias de resil­iencia de las propias mujeres frente a estas violencias. Se realiza desde un marco metodológico cualitativo donde la pieza clave son las entrevistas en profundidad a las propias mujeres in­dígenas. De la misma sacaremos, entre otras conclusiones, que cuando el proceso judicial de divorcio y el de denuncia de violencia sexual son independientes, ante la falta de capacidad económica, se abandona el segundo.Palabras clave: violencias machistas, violencia sexual, resiliencia, denuncia.Abstract. The Gender Violence is a global problem of the first order. Their manifesta­tions are very diverse and should be treated as an inter-sectorial problem, since ethnic, class or socio-cultural differences influence their different degrees of oppression. There are in­numerable legal instruments that have been promulgated for their eradication but without greatly improving the figures. Partly because it has been forgotten on many occasions to have the voices and experiences of women who have suffered these experiences and has fallen into false paternalism in its regulation and elsewhere because some of its manifestations are car­ried out in private spaces and remain invisible, especially sexual assaults within marriage. This communication refers to an investigation carried out in an island of Kenya called Lamu where different projects of social and economic empowerment of indigenous women are developed. It deals with knowing the degree of knowledge and legitimacy of the legislation against sexist violence, the barriers in the judicial process and the existing diversity according to ethnicity, religion or socio-cultural level, as well as resilience strategies of the women themselves in the face of these violence. It is carried out from a qualitative methodological framework where the key piece is the in-depth interviews with indigenous women themselves. From it we will draw, among other conclusions, that when the judicial process of divorce and that of sexual violence are independent, in the absence of economic capacity, the second is abandoned.Keywords: violence against women, sexual violence, resilience, report.

scholarly journals THE CRIMINALIZATION AND PROSECUTION OF SEXUAL VIOLENCE OFFENCES AT NATIONAL LEVEL: THE NEED FOR LEGISLATIVE REFORM IN SOUTH SUDAN

Obiter ◽  
2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Abrahams
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Civil Wars ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Justice System ◽  
South Sudan ◽  
National Level ◽  
Legislative Reform ◽  
Internal Armed Conflict

Sexual violence against women in South Sudan is rife amidst the ongoing internal armed conflict that erupted on 15 December 2013. As a new country emerging from civil wars spanning more than two decades, South Sudan has an enormous, yet unenviable task of reconstruction and development in all spheres. The justice system is no exception, and to this end it needs serious reform of its customary and statutory laws in order to ensure that it can effectively criminalize these crimes and prosecute offenders of sexual violence. This article reflects on whether South Sudan currently has the capacity to achieve this.

scholarly journals The Vulnerability of the Penis: Sexual Violence against Men in Conflict and Security Frames

2017 ◽  
Vol 22 (5) ◽  
pp. 778-800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Janine Natalya Clark
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Human Security ◽  
Analytical Framework ◽  
Male Victims ◽  
Security Threat ◽  
The Core

Sexual violence remains a persistent scourge of war. The use of sexual violence against men in armed conflict, however, remains underresearched and is often sidelined. As an explanation, this interdisciplinary article situates the issue of sexual violence against men within a new analytical framework. It does so through a focus on the core subtext which this violence reveals—the vulnerability of the penis. Highlighting critical disconnects between what the penis is and what it is constructed as being, it argues that the vulnerable penis destabilizes the edifice of phallocentric masculinity, and hence it has wider security implications. Conflict-related sexual violence has increasingly been securitized within the framework of human security. The concept of human security, however, is deeply gendered and often excludes male victims of sexual violence. This gendering, in turn, reflects a broader gendered relationship between sexual violence and security. Sexual violence against women manifests and reaffirms their long-recognized vulnerability in war. Sexual violence against men, in contrast, exposes the vulnerability of the penis and thus represents a deeper security threat. Fundamentally, preserving the integrity and power of the phallus is critical to the security and integrity of phallocentric masculinity and thus to maintaining a systemic stability that is crucial in situations of war and armed conflict.

“That’s Not My Daughter”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karima Bennoune
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
English Language ◽  
International Human Rights Law ◽  
Human Rights Law ◽  
Forced Marriage ◽  
International Human Rights ◽  
Internal Armed Conflict

During Algeria’s internal armed conflict in the 1990s, thousands of women were raped by jihadist groups. There is virtually no English-language documentary record of these crimes—a gap this chapter seeks to fill by documenting the use of sexual violence and forced marriage by fundamentalist armed groups during the conflict. Based on interviews and accounts from Algerian journalists, the chapter records the general phrases of violence against women, the experiences of specific women, and the limited response from families, society, and the state. It explores the complexity of documenting sexual violence in places where the topic is extremely taboo, questioning whether international human rights law and its emphasis on testimony are useful or appropriate in such contexts. It closes with a critique of the politics involved in producing human rights writing and provides suggestions for broadening documentation methodology.

Sexual Violence against Women in Armed Conflicts: Standard Responses and New Ideas

2006 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 137-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
Estelle Zinsstag
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Justice ◽  
Sexual Violence ◽  
Violence Against Women ◽  
Armed Conflict ◽  
Armed Conflicts ◽  
Women’S Rights ◽  
Sexual Crimes ◽  
Truth And Reconciliation ◽  
Political Response ◽  
New Ideas

This article aims to assess ways in which different justice schemes may operate together for an improved legal and political response to victims of sexual crimes in the aftermath of armed conflicts. The article will briefly present the problem of sexual violence against women in armed conflict. It will then consider the evolution of criminal justice in regard to this crime, the results of recent attempts to implement truth and reconciliation processes, as well as briefly assess reparation schemes. Finally it will suggest a series of measures for coordinating the various schemes of justice in a way that guarantees women's rights in the aftermath of a conflict.

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