scholarly journals Determination of Relationships Between Drought Resistance Parameters and Irrigation Regimes In Prunus mahaleb L. Rootstocks

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
İbrahim Kürşat ÖZYURT ◽  
Yaşar AKÇA ◽  
Oğuzhan AYDIN
Keyword(s):  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Prunus Mahaleb

scholarly journals Estimation of the degree of stability of grape varieties in arid conditions of the Astrakhan region

2019 ◽  
pp. 17-22
Author(s):  
Елена Полухина ◽  
Elena Polukhina ◽  
М. Власенко ◽  
M. Vlasenko ◽  
Николай Петров ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Water Deficit ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Total Water Content ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Grape Varieties ◽  
High Degree

Abstract. Scientific novelty and practical significance. Due to the presence of a strong root system, the grapes are a rather drought-resistant crop, but the lack of soil and air moisture adversely affects the growth and development of the plant, which ultimately significantly reduces the yield. In the soil and climatic conditions of the Astrakhan region, characterized by a high degree of aridity, as well as the presence of light chestnut structureless soils that retain moisture poorly, the study of the drought tolerance of grape varieties is particularly relevant. The purpose of the research was to study the degree of drought tolerance of grape varieties to identify the adaptive mechanisms of plants in the arid conditions of the region. To achieve the goal, the following tasks were solved: determination of the total water content in the leaves and the relative turghorescence of the leaves; determination of water deficiency in the leaves; determination of water-holding capacity of leaves, as the main indicator of drought resistance. Methods. The object of research was 12 grape varieties of various technological orientations grown on the territory of the vineyard of the Caspian Agrarian Federal Scientific Center of the Russian Academy of Sciences. Were investigated early ripe varieties (Vostorg, Astrahanskij skorospelyj, Madlen muskatnyj, Koroleva vinogradnikov, Shasla belaya, Bianka, Fioletovyj rannij) and mid-season varieties (Kishmish Luchistyj, Husajne rozovyj, Levokumskij). For control were taken: Kodryanka – for early ripe varieties; Karamol – for varieties of medium ripening. The experience laid down by the method of B.A. Dospehov. The scheme of planting bushes 1250.0 pcs/ha. Formation of bushes – fan, four-sleeve. Irrigation was carried out on furrows with a norm of 600.0–800.0 m3/ha. To assess the adaptive resistance of grape varieties to drought, we determined: the total water content in the leaves, the relative turborescence of the leaves according to the Witherly method, the water deficit in the leaves according to the Litvinov method, and the water retention capacity according to the Eremeev method. Results. The lowest water deficit in the group of early ripening varieties was found in the varieties Kodryanka, Madlen muskatnyj and Koroleva vinogradnikov (4.9–5.7 %); in the group of middle-ripening varieties, the varieties are Levokumskij and Kishmish Luchistyj (4.7–5.0 %). As a result of the research, 7 varieties with a high degree of drought resistance were identified: Kodryanka, Astrahanskij skorospelyj, Koroleva vinogradnikov, Shasla belaya, Karamol, Kishmish Luchistyj and Husajne rozovyj.

scholarly journals Analysis of Phenolic Compounds for the Determination of Grafts (in) Compatibility Using In Vitro Callus Cultures of Sato-Zakura Cherries

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2822
Author(s):  
Dragana Skočajić ◽  
Uroš Gašić ◽  
Dragana Dabić Dabić Zagorac ◽  
Marija Nešić ◽  
Živoslav Tešić ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Prunus Avium ◽  
Sinapic Acid ◽  
Callus Cultures ◽  
Prunus Serotina ◽  
Coumaric Acid ◽  
Early Signs ◽  
Phenolic Components ◽  
Prunus Mahaleb

The aim of this study was to prove that under in vitro conditions, the adhesiveness of the callus between rootstock and scion, the development of callus cells at the points of fusion, and the presence of phenolic components are closely related to the level of (in) compatibility of the grafting combinations between Sato-zakura cherry cultivars (‘Amanogawa’, ‘Kanzan’, and ‘Kiku-shidare-zakura’) and commercial rootstocks. Prunus avium, Prunus ‘Colt’, Prunus mahaleb and Prunus serrulata were used as compatible and Prunus serotina and Pyrus communis ‘Pyrodwarf’ were used as two potentially incompatible rootstocks. The results indicated the significant manifestations of the early signs of the incompatibility on the callus junction. Phenols, as well as tissue senescence, were very precisely localized by toluidine blue and alcian blue as well as safranin staining, which can indicate the early signs of the callus incompatibility in some grafting unions. In the callus unions of Prunus avium with ‘Amanogawa’ and ‘Kiku-shidare-zakura’ the results of chemical analyses indicated that the existence of several flavonols, flavones and phenol acids could be involved in the incompatibility process in grafted combination. The detection of flavonol astragalin in the unions can be a biomarker of compatibility between scion and the rootstock, while some polyphenols, such as neochlorogenic acid, sinapic acid, ellagic acid, caffeic acid, baicalein, naringenin, apigenin and luteolin can be used as the indicators of graft incompatibility. p-coumaric acid and ferulic acid could be used for detection of delayed incompatibility.

scholarly journals Genetic determination of the enhanced drought resistance of rice maintainer HuHan2B by pedigree breeding

2016 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Haibin Wei ◽  
Fangjun Feng ◽  
Qiaojun Lou ◽  
Hui Xia ◽  
Xiaosong Ma ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Genetic Determination ◽  
Pedigree Breeding

scholarly journals Ginkgo biloba L. drought resistance assessment in the conditions of introduction in the National Dendrological Park “Sofiyivka” of NAS of Ukraine

2021 ◽  
pp. 291-299
Author(s):  
N. V. Tsybrovska ◽  
Y. N. Mazur
Keyword(s):  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Ginkgo Biloba ◽  
Water Regime ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Laboratory Techniques ◽  
Resistance Assessment ◽  
The Right ◽  
High Degree

Introduction of an important importance acquires issues of drought resistance of plants that are closely linked to the problems of studying the water regime. The main negative consequence of modern warming is drought. Therefore, we have been conducted by drought resistance to G. biloba and its varieties of G. biloba 'Mariken' and 'Troll', which were compared with the indicators of the water mode of the aboriginal leaves for the Right-Bank of Forest-Steppe of Ukraine species Carpinuз betuluз L. and Acer platanoideз L. Determination of the actual and potential drought resistance of the plant studied was carried out with the help of field and laboratory techniques. It is found that all G. biloba plants are characterized by high actual drought resistance. G. biloba plants by most of the water regime exceeds the value of aboriginal species C. betuluз and A. platanoideз. This indicates a high degree of acclimatization and wide plasticity G. biloba to the conditions of introduction.

scholarly journals Influence of Drip Irrigation Regimes and Lateral Spacing on Cumin Productivity

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 333-337 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arvind Kunapara ◽  
R Subbaiah ◽  
Girish Prajapati ◽  
Jaydip Makwana
Keyword(s):  
Seed Yield ◽  
Drip Irrigation ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Irrigation Regimes ◽  
Use Efficiency ◽  
Optimum Water ◽  
Semi Arid ◽  
Plot Design

Cumin is one of the important spice crops grown in arid and semi arid regions of India and is being adopted to cure some of the dreaded diseases. Determination of optimum water requirement which is function of soil crop and atmosphere is needed for achieving more profit and higher productivity per unit of water. Keeping in view, a field experiment was undertaken to access the conjugate impact of three irrigation regimes (0.6IW/ETc, 0.8IW/ETc and1.0IW/ETc) and three lateral spacing (0.60m, 0.70m and 0.80m) on productivity of cumin. Split plot design with three treatment replications was adopted. Drip irrigation with 0.8 IW/ETc resulted higher seed yield, plant height and dry matter of 1344.17 kg/ha, 36.42 cm and 2365 kg/ha respectively at 0.8 IW/ETc with lateral spacing 0.6 m as compared to other treatments. Highest water use efficiency (5.58 kg/ha.mm) was observed at 0.6 IW/ETc with 0.60 m lateral spacing. Highest B:C ratio (2.27) observed at 0.8 IW/ETcwith lateral spacing 0.6m as compared to other treatments.

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