Annealed effects of poly- o- toluidine (POT) nanomaterial at different temperatures

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 34-38
Author(s):  
Priyanka S ◽  
Dhachanamoorthi N ◽  
Nandhin M
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Electron Transition ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Polymerization Method ◽  
Individual Particles

Poly-O-Toluidine (POT) nanomaterials were prepared by using chemical oxidative polymerization method. The polymerization process was carried out using the monomer o- toluidine (1M), ammonium peroxydisulphate (APS) (0.5M) as oxidant and the dopant sulphuric acid (3M). The resultant polymer materials are heat treated at various temperatures such as 200°C, and 400°C. The prepared POT materials are characterized by using different Spectroscopic techniques, Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Ultraviolet Visible (UV-VIS) Spectrometry, Particle Size Analyser (PSA), and biological application like Anti-Bacterial activities. The FTIR study shows the various functional groups in POT. The optical properties of prepared polymer material band gap, electron transition are calculated by using UV-VIS techniques. The PSA studies are revealed that the measurement of the size distribution of individual particles in a POT nanomaterials. The antibacterial activity of the POT nanomaterials are indicates that the several microorganisms. These POT nanomaterials are used to examines that the Chemical, optical, size of the nanomaterials and antibacterial activity for different Bactria.

Optimization and thermal effects of polyaniline nanomaterial synthesized by chemical oxidative polymerization method

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhachanamoorthi N ◽  
Padmapriya B
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Functional Group ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Quantitative Information ◽  
Particle Size Analysis ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Size Analysis ◽  
Chemical Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Polymerization Method

Scientific zone has a great attention to the polyaniline (PANI) nanomaterials which is an organic, conductive and a conjugated polymer. It has variety of applications such as in batteries, microelectronics displays, antistatic coatings, electromagnetic shielding materials and actuators [1]. PANI was synthesized by using chemical oxidative polymerization method. The preparation process carried out by the main reagent aniline (C6H7N) with the ammonium peroxydisulpate (APS) ((NH4)2S2O8) which act as an oxidant and hydrochloric acid (HCL) as a dopant in an ambient temperature. The synthesized polymer materials are annealed at different temperatures such as 200°C,300°C and 400°C. After annealed treatment, the weight percentage of polymer material are changed were decreases with increase the temperature of pure PANI (0.441g),200°C(0.172g), 300°C(0.147g), 400°C (0.105g). Then the obtained polymer materials are characterized by FTIR, UV-Visible, Particle size analysis (PSA) and Antibacterial analysis. FTIR is used to determine the functional group of polymer nanomaterials. UVVisible exhibits the quantitative information about the polymer nanomaterials by using its band gap. The size of the individual particles and the size distribution range of the respective samples are determined by the Particle Size Analyzer (PSA). Antibacterial activity is used to find the polymer nanomaterials which kills bacteria, or bacteriostatic,which slow down the growth of bacteria. These profiling techniques are used to find the properties like functional group, quantitative information, particle size, antibacterial activity of respective polyaniline nanomaterial samples.

Influence of annealing temperature on optical, chemical and particle size properties of polyaniline nanomaterial

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhachanamoorthi N ◽  
Haripriya S
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dominant Role ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Polymeric Materials ◽  
Electron Transition ◽  
Circuit Board ◽  
Heating Process ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Mean Size

Polyaniline is a representative conducting polymer because of its high electrical conductivity in doped state and it’s used in various fields of science and engineering because of its unique characteristics. Polymers are playing a dominant role in many areas such as material sciences, textile industries and chemical industries. Monomers of aniline are combined together to form a polymer of polyaniline by chemical oxidative polymerization method. The process of synthesis includes 1.5 M of aniline (C6H5N) as main reagent which causes chemical reaction, Sulfuric acid (H2SO4) as a dopant which alters its original electric and optical properties and Ammonium Peroxydisulfate (APS) as an oxidant which has the ability to oxidize and accept electrons. The synthesized nanoparticles are subjected to heating process at two different temperatures (200˚C and 400˚C). The prepared polymer material is characterized by UV-Visible Spectroscopy,Fourier Transform Infra-Red Spectroscopy, Particle Size Analyzer and antibacterial activity. The electron transition from ground state to excited state was revealed by UVVis Spectroscopy. Polymeric materials are identified using FTIR spectroscopy and it also exhibits the chemical bonds and structure of the sample. Particle Size Analyzer represents the mean size of the polyaniline sample. The overwhelming potential application of polyaniline includes manufacturing of circuit board, corrosion resistance, and fabrication of smart textiles.

Electrical Properties of Electrospun Flexible and Stretchable PVDF/PANI Nanoropes

2014 ◽  
Vol 687-691 ◽  
pp. 4218-4222
Author(s):  
Wei Hua Han ◽  
Yong Wan ◽  
Bin Sun ◽  
Yun Ze Long ◽  
Qing Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strain ◽  
Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Chemical Oxidative Polymerization ◽  
Electrospinning Technique ◽  
Poly Vinylidene Fluoride ◽  
Polymerization Method ◽  
Pani Layer

Aligned poly (vinylidene fluoride) (PVDF) nanofibers and the nanoropes have been fabricated via a novel electrospinning technique. And then conducting polyaniline (PANI) was coated on the surfaces of the nanoropes using an in situ chemical oxidative polymerization method. It is found that the conductivity increased drastically at first and then tended to be saturation in the polymerization process. In addition, the flexibility and stretchability of the composites have been measured: With an increase of bending curvature and tensile strain, the conductivity rose at the beginning because the fibers among the nanoropes get tight; and then the conductivity dropped, which may due to the PANI layer broke and becomes discontinuous with the adding stress.

Enhanced Hydrolytic Stability of Porous Boron Nitride via the Control of Crystallinity, Porosity and Chemical Composition

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ravi Shankar ◽  
Sofia Marchesini ◽  
Camille Petit
Keyword(s):  
Boron Nitride ◽  
Hydrolytic Stability ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
High Porosity ◽  
Heat Treated Sample ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Treated Sample ◽  
Molecular Separations ◽  
High Degree

Porous boron nitride is gaining significant attention for applications in molecular separations, photocatalysis, and drug delivery. All these areas call for a high degree of stability (or a controlled stability) over a range of chemical environments, and particularly under humid conditions. The hydrolytic stability of the various forms of boron nitride, including porous boron nitride, has been sparingly addressed in the literature. Here, we map the physical-chemical properties of the material to its hydrolytic stability for a range of conditions. Using analytical, imaging and spectroscopic techniques, we identify the links between the hydrolytic instability of porous boron nitride and its limited crystallinity, high porosity as well as the presence of oxygen atoms. To address this instability issue, we demonstrate that subjecting the material to a thermal treatment leads to the formation of crystalline domains of h-BN exhibiting a hydrophobic character. The heat-treated sample exhibits enhanced hydrolytic stability, while maintaining a high porosity. This work provides an effective and simple approach to producing stable porous boron nitride structures, and will progress the implementation of the material in applications involving interfacial phenomena.<br>

Heat Treatment Influence on the Corrosion Resistance of a Cu-Al-Fe-Mn Bronze

2018 ◽  
Vol 69 (5) ◽  
pp. 1055-1059 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariana Ciurdas ◽  
Ioana Arina Gherghescu ◽  
Sorin Ciuca ◽  
Alina Daniela Necsulescu ◽  
Cosmin Cotrut ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Corrosion Resistance ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Heating Temperature ◽  
Galvanic Corrosion ◽  
Cooling Water ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
Water Quenching ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Different Temperatures

Aluminium bronzes are exhibiting good corrosion resistance in saline environments combined with high mechanical properties. Their corrosion resistance is obviously confered by the alloy chemical composition, but it can also be improved by heat treatment structural changes. In the present paper, five Cu-Al-Fe-Mn bronze samples were subjected to annealing heat treatments with furnace cooling, water quenching and water quenching followed by tempering at three different temperatures: 200, 400 and 550�C. The heating temperature on annealing and quenching was 900�C. The structure of the heat treated samples was studied by optical and scanning electron microscopy. Subsequently, the five samples were submitted to corrosion tests. The best resistance to galvanic corrosion was showed by the quenched sample, but it can be said that all samples are characterized by close values of open-circuit potentials and corrosion potentials. Concerning the susceptibility to other types of corrosion (selective leaching, pitting, crevice corrosion), the best corrosion resistant structure consists of a solid solution, g2 and k compounds, corresponding to the quenched and 550�C tempered sample.

scholarly journals New Mononuclear and Binuclear Cu(II), Co(II), Ni(II), and Zn(II) Thiosemicarbazone Complexes with Potential Biological Activity: Antimicrobial and Molecular Docking Study

Molecules ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 26 (8) ◽  
pp. 2288
Author(s):  
Ahmed Gaber ◽  
Moamen S. Refat ◽  
Arafa A.M. Belal ◽  
Ibrahim M. El-Deen ◽  
Nader Hassan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibacterial Activity ◽  
Biological Activity ◽  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Metal Complexes ◽  
Analytical Data ◽  
Docking Study ◽  
Spectroscopic Techniques ◽  
Molecular Docking Study ◽  
Tetrahedral Geometry ◽  
Thiosemicarbazone Complexes

Herein, we report the synthesis of eight new mononuclear and binuclear Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ methoxy thiosemicarbazone (MTSC) complexes aiming at obtaining thiosemicarbazone complex with potent biological activity. The structure of the MTSC ligand and its metal complexes was fully characterized by elemental analysis, spectroscopic techniques (NMR, FTIR, UV-Vis), molar conductivity, thermogravimetric analysis (TG), and thermal differential analysis (DrTGA). The spectral and analytical data revealed that the obtained thiosemicarbazone-metal complexes have octahedral geometry around the metal center, except for the Zn2+-thiosemicarbazone complexes, which showed a tetrahedral geometry. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of the MTSC ligand and its (Co2+, Ni2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+) metal complexes were also investigated. Interestingly, the antibacterial activity of MTSC- metal complexes against examined bacteria was higher than that of the MTSC alone, which indicates that metal complexation improved the antibacterial activity of the parent ligand. Among different metal complexes, the MTSC- mono- and binuclear Cu2+ complexes showed significant antibacterial activity against Bacillus subtilis and Proteus vulgaris, better than that of the standard gentamycin drug. The in silico molecular docking study has revealed that the MTSC ligand could be a potential inhibitor for the oxidoreductase protein.

scholarly journals Prediction of Thiol Group Changes in Minced Raw and Cooked Chicken Meat with Plant Extracts—Kinetic and Neural Network Approaches

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1647
Author(s):  
Anna Kaczmarek ◽  
Małgorzata Muzolf-Panek
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Predictive Models ◽  
External Validation ◽  
Thiol Group ◽  
Chicken Meat ◽  
Validation Dataset ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Meat Samples ◽  
Network Approaches

The aim of the study was to develop predictive models of thiol group (SH) level changes in minced raw and heat-treated chicken meat enriched with selected plant extracts (allspice, basil, bay leaf, black seed, cardamom, caraway, cloves, garlic, nutmeg, onion, oregano, rosemary, and thyme) during storage at different temperatures. Meat samples with extract addition were stored under various temperatures (4, 8, 12, 16, and 20 °C). SH changes were measured spectrophotometrically using Ellman’s reagent. Samples stored at 12 °C were used as the external validation dataset. SH content decreased with storage time and temperature. The dependence of SH changes on temperature was adequately modeled by the Arrhenius equation with average high R2 coefficients for raw meat (R2 = 0.951) and heat-treated meat (R2 = 0.968). Kinetic models and artificial neural networks (ANNs) were used to build the predictive models of thiol group decay during meat storage. The obtained results demonstrate that both kinetic Arrhenius (R2 = 0.853 and 0.872 for raw and cooked meat, respectively) and ANN (R2 = 0.803) models can predict thiol group changes in raw and cooked ground chicken meat during storage.

scholarly journals Synthesis of poly (n-butyl acrylate) with tempo by nitroxide mediated polymerization method

2021 ◽  
pp. 096739112110245
Author(s):  
Amrita Sharma ◽  
PP Pande
Keyword(s):  
Butyl Acrylate ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Polymerization Process ◽  
Polymerization Reaction ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Acrylate Monomer ◽  
Controlled Polymerization ◽  
Acrylate Monomers ◽  
Nitroxide Mediated Polymerization ◽  
Polymerization Method

It has been observed that acrylate monomers are very difficult to polymerize with the low cost nitroxide catalyst 2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidinyl-1-oxyl (TEMPO). Therefore, costly acyclic nitroxides such as N-tert-butyl-N-(1-diethylphosphono-2,2-dimethyl)-N-oxyl, (SG1), 2,2,5-Trimethyl-4-phenyl-3-azahexane-3-nitroxide (TIPNO) and TIPNO derivatives have to be used for the polymerization of the acrylic acid derivatives. There are very few reports on the use of TEMPO-derivatives toward the polymerization of n-butyl acrylate. Generally different reducing agents viz. glucose, ascorbic acid, hydroxyacetone etc. have been used to destroy excess TEMPO during the polymerization reaction. The acrylate polymerizations fail in the presence of TEMPO due to the strong C–O bond formed between the acrylate chain end and nitroxide. To the best of our knowledge, no literature report is available on the use of TEMPO without reducing agent or high temperature initiators, toward the polymerization of n-butyl acrylate. The present study has been carried out with a view to re-examine the application of low cost nitroxide TEMPO, so that it can be utilized towards the polymerization of acrylate monomers (e.g. n-butyl acrylate). We have been able to polymerize n-butyl acrylate using the nitroxide TEMPO as initiator (via a macroinitiator). In this synthesis, a polystyrene macroinitiator was synthesized in the first step from TEMPO, after this TEMPO end-capped styrene macroinitiator (PSt-TEMPO) is used to polymerize n-butyl acrylate monomer. The amount of macroinitiator taken was varied from 0.05% to 50% by weight of n-butyl acrylate monomer. The polymerization was carried out at 120°C by bulk polymerization method. The experimental findings showed a gradual increase in molecular weight of the polymer formed and decrease in the polydispersity index (PDI) with increase in amount of PSt-TEMPO macroinitiator taken. In all experiments conversion was more than 80%. These results indicate that the polymerization takes place through controlled polymerization process. Effect of different solvents on polymerization has also been investigated. In the following experiments TEMPO capped styrene has been used as macroinitiator leading to the successful synthesis of poly n-Butyl acrylate. It has been found that styrene macroinitiator is highly efficient for the nitroxide mediated polymerization, even in very small concentration for the synthesis of poly n-butyl acrylate. High concentration of macroinitiator results in the formation of block copolymers of polystyrene and poly ( n-butyl acrylate) viz. polystyrene-block-poly-( n-butyl acrylate). The use of TEMPO toward controlled polymerization is of much importance, because it is the nitroxide commercially available at the lowest cost.

scholarly journals Effect of Powder Heat Treatment on Chemical Composition and Thermoelectric Properties of Bismuth Antimony Telluride Alloys Fabricated by Combining Water Atomization and Spark Plasma Sintering

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (11) ◽  
pp. 2993
Author(s):  
Dong-won Shin ◽  
Peyala Dharmaiah ◽  
Jun-Woo Song ◽  
Soon-Jik Hong
Keyword(s):  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Thermoelectric Properties ◽  
Hole Concentration ◽  
Bismuth Antimony Telluride ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Water Atomization ◽  
Powder Samples ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Spark Plasma

In this work, Bi0.5Sb1.5Te3 materials were produced by an economically viable and time efficient water atomization process. The powder samples were heat treated at different temperatures (673 K, 723 K, 743 K, 773 K, 803 K, and 823 K) followed by spark plasma sintering (SPS). It was found that the Te evaporated slightly at 723 K and 743 K and became dominated at 773 K, 803 K, and 823 K, which severely influences the thermoelectric properties. The electrical conductivity was significantly improved for over 803 K heat treated samples due to the remarkable improvement in hole concentration. The power factor values for the 803 K and 823 K samples were significantly larger at T > 350 K compared to other samples. Consequently, the peak ZT of 0.92 at 350 K was obtained for the 803 K sample, which could be useful in commercial thermoelectric power generation.

Elasto-plastic deformation of glass-like carbons heat-treated at different temperatures

Carbon ◽  
2001 ◽  
Vol 39 (10) ◽  
pp. 1525-1532 ◽  
Author(s):  
Norio Iwashita ◽  
Michael V. Swain ◽  
John S. Field ◽  
Naoto Ohta ◽  
Shingo Bitoh
Keyword(s):  
Plastic Deformation ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Different Temperatures
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