scholarly journals AN ETHNOZOOLOGICAL ASSESSMENT OF TRADITIONALLY USED ANIMAL-BASED THERAPIES IN ATTAPPADY OF PALAKKAD DISTRICT, KERALA, INDIA.

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 86-89
Author(s):  
Rajmohan D ◽  
Niranjana K.M ◽  
Yamuna R ◽  
Logankumar K
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Legal Issues ◽  
Tribal Population ◽  
Tribal Community ◽  
Fidelity Level ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
Cultural Taboos ◽  
Preferred Species

The present study is an attempt to collect and document the ethnozoological knowledge possessed by the traditional tribal people of Attappady hills of Western Ghats in Palakkad district. The study area consisted of three categories of tribes namely, Irula, Kurumba and Muduga. Irulas contribute the majority followed by Mudugas and Kurumbas respectively. The study involved collection of information regarding the topic from all the three categories of tribes. Informations were collected by direct personal interviews with traditional healers belonging to tribal community. The mentioned animals were identified by their local names and previous studies in ethnozoology and available biodiversity records of regions in and around Attappady which involves Silent Valley National Park. The lack of biodiversity records posed difficulty in identifying the animal mentioned by the healers. The collected data was analyzed mathematically by calculating Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) to know the category of ailment for which more treatment is available, Fidelity level of animal species to identify the most preferred  species for zootherapeutics, andInformant Agreement Index (IAR) to determine the agreement between informants for the use of a particular animal species for the treatment of a particular ailment category. ICF value obtained is highest for orthopedic ailments, FL is highest for Varanus bengalensis and Rusa unicolor and IAR is highest for seven species. The reduction in number of animals, lack of efficiency in implementing forest laws and their cultural taboos regarding the interaction with the outside world have resulted in the deterioration of traditional knowledge among the tribal population itself and also, due to legal issues, they have switched over almost completely to floral medicine. Therefore, they have a very little knowledge on the practice of zootherapeutics and ethnozoology.

scholarly journals A Comparative Analysis of Ethnomedicinal Practices for Treating Gastrointestinal Disorders Used by Communities Living in Three National Parks (Korea)

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hyun Kim ◽  
Mi-Jang Song ◽  
Heldenbrand Brian ◽  
Kyoungho Choi
Keyword(s):  
Abdominal Pain ◽  
Comparative Analysis ◽  
National Parks ◽  
National Park ◽  
Gastrointestinal Disorders ◽  
Fidelity Level ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Informant Consensus Factor ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
Ethnomedicinal Knowledge

The purpose of this study is to comparatively analyze the ethnomedicinal practices on gastrointestinal disorders within communities in Jirisan National Park, Gayasan National Park, and Hallasan National Park of Korea. Data was collected through participant observations and indepth interviews with semistructured questionnaires. Methods for comparative analysis were accomplished using the informant consensus factor, fidelity level, and internetwork analysis. A total of 490 ethnomedicinal practices recorded from the communities were classified into 110 families, 176 genera, and 220 species that included plants, animals, fungi, and alga. The informant consensus factor values in the disorder categories were enteritis, and gastralgia (1.0), followed by indigestion (0.94), constipation (0.93), and abdominal pain and gastroenteric trouble (0.92). In terms of fidelity levels, 71 plant species showed fidelity levels of 100%. The internetwork analysis between disorders and all medicinal species are grouped in the center by the four categories of indigestion, diarrhea, abdominal pain, and gastroenteric trouble, respectively. Regarding the research method of this study, the comparative analysis methods will contribute to the availability of orally transmitted ethnomedicinal knowledge. Among the methods of analysis, the use of internetwork analysis as a tool for analysis in this study provides imperative internetwork maps between gastrointestinal disorders and medicinal species.

Ethno-medicinal uses of vertebrates in Chitwan-Annapurna Landscape, central Nepal

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jagan Nath Adhikari ◽  
Bishnu Prasad Bhattarai ◽  
Maan Bahadur Rokaya ◽  
Tej Bahadur Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Animal Species ◽  
Group Discussion ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Ethnic Communities ◽  
Animal Products ◽  
Medicinal Uses ◽  
Central Nepal ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
Felis Chaus ◽  
Key Informant Interview

Abstract Background: Traditional knowledge on use of animal products to maintain human health is important since time immemorial. Although a few studies are reported as food and medicinal values of different animals, a comprehensive ethno-medicinal study of vertebrates in Nepal is still lacking. Thus, present study is aimed to document the ethno-medicinal knowledge related to vertebrate fauna among different ethnic communities in Chitwan-Annapurna Landscape, central Nepal.Methods: Ethno-medicinal information collected by using semi-structured questionnaires, focus group discussion and key informant interview. The data were analyzed by applying Use Value (UV), Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) and Fidelity level (FL).Results: The study reported a total of 58 species of vertebrates of which 53 were wild and 5 as domestic. They were used to treat 62 different types human ailments. Four vertebrates were also used for veterinary and agriculture. The most commonly used species was Felis chaus (UV = 0.25) with 3 use-reports by 10 informants. Cardiovascular and dental problems had the highest ICF value (0.974) with cardiovascular problems having 351 use-reports for 10 animal species and dental problems having 77 use-reports for 3 animal species. The least ICF was found in ophthalmological problems (ICF=0.833, use reports=7 for 2 species). Conclusions: The vertebrates are widely used by the local people and the traditional healers in Chitwan-Annapurna landscape against various ailments. The users collected the vertebrates mostly from wild. People intentionally or unintentionally kill wild animals that has threated the availability of different species. Our study revealed in-depth knowledge on use of vertebrates including their status needed for the sustainable ethno-medicinal uses and their future conservation.

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants Used in Ethnoveterinary Practices in Adea Berga District, Oromia Region of Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-22
Author(s):  
Megersa Feyisa ◽  
Addis Kassahun ◽  
Mirutse Giday
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Rank Order ◽  
Great Majority ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Fidelity Level ◽  
Plant Resources ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
Semistructured Interviews ◽  
Livestock Diseases

In Ethiopia, locally available materials, mainly medicinal plants, are commonly utilized to manage livestock diseases. However, this practice is currently being threatened by several factors including loss of traditional knowledge and depletion of plant resources. This calls for an urgent need to document the ethnoveterinary knowledge in the country and conserve the associated medicinal plants. The purpose of this study was, therefore, to document traditional knowledge on use of medicinal plants in the Adea Berga district, Oromia region of Ethiopia, to manage livestock ailments. Ethnobotanical data were collected largely through semistructured interviews conducted with purposively selected traditional healers of the district. The study identified 59 medicinal plants used in ethnoveterinary practices in the district. The great majority (90.4%) of the medicinal plants were used in fresh forms, which were mainly administered orally. The majority (65.4%) of the medicinal plants were gathered from the wild. Data revealed that yoke sore (wound) had the highest informant consensus factor (ICF) value (1.00), followed by leech infestation (0.92) and endoparasite infections (0.90). The highest fidelity level (FL) (100%) and rank order priority (ROP) (100%) values were obtained for the plants Nicotiana tabacum, Malva parviflora, and Calpurnia aurea that were used to treat leech infestation, retained placenta, and snake poisoning, respectively. Priority for further pharmacological and phytochemical investigations needs to be given to the aforementioned three plants with the highest FL and ROP values as such values may indicate their higher potency against the respective ailments.

scholarly journals Linking Conservation, Community Knowledge, and Adaptation to Extreme Climatic Events: A Case Study in Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (11) ◽  
pp. 6478
Author(s):  
Amemarlita Matos ◽  
Laura Barraza ◽  
Isabel Ruiz-Mallén
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Human Life ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Forest Products ◽  
Buffer Zone ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Extreme Climatic Events ◽  
Water Provision

This study is based on ethnographic research that analyzes how traditional knowledge and local beliefs on biodiversity conservation relates to the local ability to adapt and be resilient to climatic changes in two communities around Gorongosa National Park, Mozambique: Nhanfisse in the buffer zone and Muanandimae in the core area. A total of 78 semi-structured interviews with heads of households were conducted. We found that both communities carried out practices and held beliefs associated with conservation, such as protecting trees and animal species considered sacred or perceived as beneficial for human life in terms of water provision and agricultural production. In addition to traditional ceremonies that respond to extreme climatic events such as drought and flood, other adaptation strategies used by the communities include moving to neighboring areas in search of better living conditions and using forest products in times of scarcity. We discuss that the management of the park should be agreed on, in a shared way, between local communities and conservation agents to ensure that these areas continue to perform the ecological, subsistence, and spiritual functions required. Our research results contribute to a better understanding of local adaptation dynamics towards extreme climatic events and improvement of management strategies.

TRADITIONAL PHYTOTHERAPY USED BY BHUTIA COMMUNITY OF UTTARKASHI DISTRICT OF UTTARAKHAND FOR DERMATOLOGICAL DISORDERS

2021 ◽  
pp. 77-82
Author(s):  
Arun K. Agrawal ◽  
Usha Devi ◽  
S.K. Kuriyal
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Indigenous Knowledge ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Primary Healthcare ◽  
Skin Diseases ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Tribal Community ◽  
Tribal People ◽  
Dermatological Disorders

Ethno-medicinal survey was undertaken from traditional healers of Bhutia tribal community of Urrarkashi district for the use of medicinal plants in the treatment of different skin diseases such as dog and insect bite, burns, eczema, abscesses, scabies, ringworm, cuts and wounds, boils, leprosy, blisters, allergy, itching, pimples, leucoderma, prickly heat, warts, septic ulcers, and other skin diseases during different season of March 2016 to May 2017. The indigenous knowledge of tribal traditional healers having practical knowledge of plants in medicine were interviewed in ve villages of Uttarkashi district of Uttarakhand and plants used for medicinal purposes were collected through questionnaire and personal interviews during eldtrips. A total of 60 plant species of 43 families are documented in this study. The medicinal plants used in the treatment of skin diseases by tribal's are listed with botanical name (in binomial form), family, local names, habit, availability, parts used, and mode of preparation. This study showed that Bhutia tribal people in the studied parts of Uttarkashi district continue to depend on the medicinal plants at least for the treatment of primary healthcare.

scholarly journals Perspectives of wild medicine harvesters from Cape Town, South Africa

2017 ◽  
Vol 113 (9/10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Leif Petersen ◽  
Andrew M. Reid ◽  
Eugene J. Moll ◽  
Marc T. Hockings
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
National Park ◽  
Cape Town ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Cape Floristic Region ◽  
Cultural Groups ◽  
Conservation Areas ◽  
Economic Survival ◽  
Wild Resources ◽  
The City

Cape Town is a fast-growing cityscape in the Cape Floristic Region in South Africa with 24 formally protected conservation areas including the World Heritage Table Mountain National Park. These sites have been protected and managed as critical sites for local biodiversity, representing potentially one-third of all Cape Floristic Region flora species and 18% of South Africa’s plant diversity. Cape Town is also inhabited by a rapidly growing culturally and economically diverse citizenry with distinct and potentially conflicting perspectives on access to, and management of, local natural resources. In a qualitative study of 58 locally resident traditional healers of distinct cultural groups, we examined motivations underlying the generally illicit activity of harvesting of wild resources from Cape Town protected areas. Resource harvester motivations primarily link to local economic survival, health care and cultural links to particular resources and practices, ‘access for all’ outlooks, and wholesale profit-seeking perspectives. We describe these motivations, contrast them with the current formal, legal and institutional perspectives for biodiversity protection in the city, and propose managerial interventions that may improve sustainability of ongoing harvest activities.

scholarly journals Notes on distribution and relative abundances of some animal species, and on climate in the Kruger National Park during prehistoric times

Koedoe ◽  
1989 ◽  
Vol 32 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ina Plug
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Kruger National Park ◽  
Archaeological Sites ◽  
Animal Population ◽  
Faunal Remains ◽  
The Past ◽  
Relative Abundances ◽  
Insight Into

Faunal remains obtained from archaeological sites in the Kruger National Park, provide valuable information on the distributions of animal species in the past. The relative abundances of some species are compared with animal population statistics of the present. The study of the faunal samples, which date from nearly 7 000 years before present until the nineteenth century, also provides insight into climatic conditions during prehistoric times.

scholarly journals Medicinal Plants Used by Traditional Healers in Algeria: A Multiregional Ethnobotanical Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khadidja Belhouala ◽  
Bachir Benarba
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Zingiber Officinale ◽  
Traditional Healers ◽  
Bioactive Molecules ◽  
Ethnobotanical Study ◽  
Medicinal Species ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
New Therapeutic Approaches ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
Therapeutic Uses

Traditional medicine is the cornerstone that boosts scientific research to explore new therapeutic approaches. The study aimed to assess the traditional knowledge and use of medicinal plants to treat various ailments by Algerian traditional healers. Forty traditional healers were face-to-face interviewed in three different Algerian areas (West, Kabylia, and Sahara). The data collected were analyzed using quantitative indices such as fidelity level (FL) and informant consensus factor (FIC). A total of 167 species belonging to 70 families were recorded. Lamiaceae (13%), Asteraceae (13%), Apiaceae (7%), and Rosaceae and Fabaceae (5% each) were the most cited families. The survey revealed that leaves were the most used parts of the plants (29%). Furthermore, decoction (35%), raw (24%), and infusion (19%) were the common modes for the remedies’ preparation. Here, 15% of the total species were newly reported as medicinal plants. Besides, it was reported for the first time a total of 47 new therapeutic uses for 20 known plant species. Of 17 ailments categories, cancer was presented by 44 species, showing the highest FIC of 0.46. Marrubium vulgare L., Artemisia herba-alba Asso., Zingiber officinale Roscoe., and Juniperus phoenicea L. recorded the maximum fidelity value of 100%. Therefore, our study reveals strong ethnomedicinal knowledge shared by local populations living in the three regions studied. The medicinal species with a high FL could be promising candidates for identifying new bioactive molecules.

scholarly journals Ethnomycology of Bracket Fungi in Baduy Tribe Indonesia

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 424-432
Author(s):  
Rida Oktorida Khastini ◽  
Indria Wahyuni ◽  
Irma Saraswati
Keyword(s):  
Traditional Knowledge ◽  
Ganoderma Lucidum ◽  
Forest Resources ◽  
Mountain Region ◽  
Cultural Significance ◽  
Fidelity Level ◽  
Important Resource ◽  
Informant Consensus Factor ◽  
Informant Consensus ◽  
Use Values

Inhabitants of the Kendeng mountain region depend on the biodiversity of the forest resources for their livelihood. Mushrooms are important resource that provide benefits to mankind. The aim on this research was to document traditional knowledge in bracket fungi utilization to treat health problems in Baduy tribe community. The results described in this paper were obtained through the exploration and identification of bracket fungi as well as the interview to determine their cultural significance for Baduy people. Quantitative approaches were used to determine the Use Values (UV), Informant Consensus Factor (ICF) and Fidelity level (FL) values. A total of 6 species that were identified as bracket fungi were included to Basidiomycota. The Baduy community considers the main use of bracket fungi as a medicine for several ailments. The highest UV, ICF and FL value were obtained by Ganoderma lucidum. This study provides the information regarding bracket fungi species with the high use values that could be employed in pharmacological research and further biotechnological approaches in order to achieve an adequate revenue.

scholarly journals Distribution and Demographics of Fuchsia Excorticata, Nelson Lakes National Park

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Edward Rex Lancelot Bartholomew
Keyword(s):  
National Park ◽  
Animal Species ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Reference Area ◽  
Reference Sites ◽  
Ecological Changes ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Management Area ◽  
Intensively Managed ◽  
Reference Areas

<p>The small tree Fuchsia excorticata (Onagraceae) is found on disturbed riparian sites throughout New Zealand. Spatial distribution and  demographic changes in populations of F. excorticata were surveyed in the Rotoiti Nature Recovery Project (RNRP) area, and an associated non-treatment reference area, Nelson Lakes National Park, over the period 2005 to 2007. The RNRP is an intensively managed "mainland island" project in mixed beech (Nothofagus) forest, pest animal species especially possums (Trichosurus vulpecula), rodents, and mustelids are controlled. The aim of this study was to survey the condition of F. excorticata in the managed and reference areas to determine if any differences could be detected between the populations over time. The only significant (p<0.05) difference between the two areas was in sapling abundance, which was higher in the RNRP management area. This was tentatively attributed to pest management; however the concurrence of complex  environmental influences, and a lack of management replication, prevented a simple interpretation of the data. There was no significant difference in recruitment, growth, mortality, and tree or seedling abundance  between the managed and reference areas. Growth rate, especially of saplings, was significantly greater at lower elevations in the RNRP managed area, however the inverse held for the reference area. Mammalian herbivory was light; the main affect being to restrict seedling growth through hedging. Periodic heavy flooding was responsible for much of the mortality, however many newly disturbed sites were rapidly populated with fuchsia seedlings. The need for rigour in establishing ecologically comparable reference sites for comparative studies was evident. There were inherent difficulties in establishing causal relationships between ecological changes and management practices where management was not replicated geographically.</p>

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