scholarly journals Analogs of S.N. Bernstein and V.I. Smirnov inequalities for harmonic polynomials

Author(s):  
Сергей Юрьевич Граф ◽  
Иван Александрович Никитин

Гармонические отображения и, в частности, гармонические полиномы находят приложения во многих задачах прикладной математики, математической физики, механики и электротехники. Это связано с ключевой ролью, которую гармонические функции играют в краевых задачах математической физики. Гармонические полиномы используются при описании плоских гармонических векторных полей в гидродинамике, в теории жидких кристаллов, в теории плоского потенциала. Оценки гармонических полиномов и их производных применяются при разработке неравномерных сеток и триангуляций во многих вычислительных схемах и математическом моделировании. В середине двадцатого столетия советскими математиками С.Н. Бернштейном и В.И. Смирновым были доказаны результаты из области дифференциальных неравенств, связывающих многочлены $P(z)=a_n z^n+ a_{n-1} z^{n-1}+ \dots a_1 z+ a_0$ в комплексной плоскости $\mathbb{C}$ и их производные $P'(z)$. Данная тематика сохраняет актуальность, о чем свидетельствует большое число посвященных ей новых публикаций российских и зарубежных математиков. В настоящей работе доказаны результаты, обобщающие неравенства С.Н. Бернштейна и В.И. Смирнова на случай гармонических многочленов $F=H+\overline G,$ где $H, G$ - аналитические многочлены. В частности получены условия типа мажорирующих неравенств на единичной окружности, позволяющие связать производные аналитических и антианалитических частей гармонических многочленов, все нули которых расположены в единичном круге. Доказательства основных результатов получены с помощью топологического аналога известного в теории функций принципа аргумента, позволяющего свести некоторые задачи теории гармонических многочленов к аналитическому случаю. Из полученных результатов следуют классические неравенства Смирнова и Бернштейна в случае аналитических многочленов. Доказанные теоремы проиллюстрированы примером, демонстрирующим точность сформулированных нами условий и оценок. Harmonic mapings and, in particular, harmonic polynomials find applications in many problems of mathematics, mathematical physics, mechanics and electrical engineering. This is due to the key role that harmonic functions play in boundary value problems of mathematical physics. Harmonic polynomials are used to describe plane harmonic vector fields in hydrodynamics, in the theory of liquid crystals, in the theory of plane potential. Estimates of harmonic polynomials and their derivatives are used in the development of non-uniform grids and triangulations in many computational schemes. In the middle of the twentieth century, Soviet mathematicians S.N. Bernstein and V.I. Smirnov proved results several differential inequalities connecting the polynomials $P(z) = a_n z^n + a_{n-1} z^{n-1} + \dots a_1 z + a_0$ in the complex plane $\mathbb{C}$ and their derivatives. This topic remains important, as evidenced by the large number of new publications of Russian and foreign mathematicians. In this paper, we proved results that generalize the inequalities of S.N. Bernstein and V.I. Smirnov for the case of harmonic polynomials $F = H + \overline G,$ where $H, G$ are analytic polynomials. In particular, conditions of the type of majorizing inequalities on the unit circle are obtained, which make it possible to estimate the derivatives of the analytic and antianalytic parts of harmonic polynomials, all of whose zeros are located in the unit disk. The proofs of the main results are obtained using a topological analogue of the principle of the argument known in the theory of functions, which makes it possible to reduce some problems of the theory of harmonic polynomials to the analytic case. The classical inequalities of Smirnov and Bernstein in the case of analytic polynomials follow from the results of current paper. The proved theorems are illustrated by an example that demonstrates the accuracy of the conditions and estimates formulated by us.

1949 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 469
Author(s):  
W Freiberger ◽  
RCT Smith

In this paper we discuss the flexure of an incomplete tore in the plane of its circular centre-line. We reduce the problem to the determination of two harmonic functions, subject to boundary conditions on the surface of the tore which involve the first two derivatives of the functions. We point out the relation of this solution to the general solution of three-dimensional elasticity problems. The special case of a narrow rectangular cross-section is solved exactly in Appendix II.


2021 ◽  
Vol 62 ◽  
pp. 53-66
Author(s):  
Fethi Latti ◽  
◽  
Hichem Elhendi ◽  
Lakehal Belarbi

In the present paper, we introduce a new class of natural metrics on the tangent bundle $TM$ of the Riemannian manifold $(M,g)$ denoted by $G^{f,h}$ which is named a twisted Sasakian metric. A necessary and sufficient conditions under which a vector field is harmonic with respect to the twisted Sasakian metric are established. Some examples of harmonic vector fields are presented as well.


2018 ◽  
Vol 184 ◽  
pp. 01023
Author(s):  
Gordana V. Jelić ◽  
Vladica Stanojević ◽  
Dragana Radosavljević

One of the basic equations of mathematical physics (for instance function of two independent variables) is the differential equation with partial derivatives of the second order (3). This equation is called the wave equation, and is provided when considering the process of transverse oscillations of wire, longitudinal oscillations of rod, electrical oscillations in a conductor, torsional vibration at waves, etc… The paper shows how to form the equation (3) which is the equation of motion of each point of wire with abscissa x in time t during its oscillation. It is also shown how to determine the equation (3) in the task of electrical oscillations in a conductor. Then equation (3) is determined, and this solution satisfies the boundary and initial conditions.


2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (12) ◽  
pp. 1750177 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bang-Yen Chen ◽  
Leopold Verstraelen

Torse-forming vector fields introduced by Yano [On torse forming direction in a Riemannian space, Proc. Imp. Acad. Tokyo 20 (1944) 340–346] are natural extension of concurrent and concircular vector fields. Such vector fields have many nice applications to geometry and mathematical physics. In this paper, we establish a link between rotational hypersurfaces and torse-forming vector fields. More precisely, our main result states that, for a hypersurface [Formula: see text] of [Formula: see text] with [Formula: see text], the tangential component [Formula: see text] of the position vector field of [Formula: see text] is a proper torse-forming vector field on [Formula: see text] if and only if [Formula: see text] is contained in a rotational hypersurface whose axis of rotation contains the origin.


2020 ◽  
Vol 211 (8) ◽  
pp. 1159-1170
Author(s):  
P. V. Paramonov ◽  
K. Yu. Fedorovskiy

1982 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
David C. Lindberg

Roger Bacon has often been victimized by his friends, who have exaggerated and distorted his place in the history of mathematics. He has too often been viewed as the first, or one of the first, to grasp the possibilities and promote the cause of modern mathematical physics. Even those who have noticed that Bacon was more given to the praise than to the practice of mathematics have seen in his programmatic statements an anticipation of seventeenth-century achievements. But if we judge Bacon by twentieth-century criteria and pronounce him an anticipator of modern science, we will fail totally to understand his true contributions; for Bacon was not looking to the future, but responding to the past; he was grappling with ancient traditions and attempting to apply the truth thus gained to the needs of thirteenth-century Christendom. If we wish to understand Bacon, therefore, we must take a backward, rather than a forward, look; we must view him in relation to his predecessors and contemporaries rather than his successors; we must consider not his influence, but his sources and the use to which he put them.


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