scholarly journals STUDY OF THE ACTIVITY OF A COMPLEX OF REDOX ENZYMES TO IMPROVE THE PERFORMANCE OF BIOFUEL CELL ELECTRODES

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-44
Author(s):  
Наталия Валерьевна Лакина ◽  
Валентин Юрьевич Долуда ◽  
Михаил Геннадьевич Сульман ◽  
Маргарита Евгеньевна Лакина ◽  
Артем Михайлович Сивенок
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Glucose Oxidation ◽  
Biofuel Cells ◽  
Biofuel Cell ◽  
Main Reaction ◽  
Oxidation Reactions ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Enzyme Complexes

В работе представлен обзор способов получения биоэлектродов на основе ферментных комплексов глюкоокидазы и пероксидазы в реакциях по окислению глюкозы. Показано, что пероксидаза, нанесенная на поверхность биокатода, увеличивает энергетическую эффективность биотопливных элементов за счет превращения пероксида водорода, образующегося при окислении D-глюкозы, - ингибитора электродной реакции. Экспериментальная часть работы содержит данные по измерению ферментативной активности окислительно-восстановительного комплекса глюкооксидазы и пероксидазы при хранении. Показано, что активность такого комплекса остается стабильной в течение длительного времени. Полученные данные сопоставимы с зарубежными исследованиями и даже немного превышают представленные величины активностей. Высокую ферментативную активность можно объяснить оптимальным соотношением количеств применяемых окислительно-восстановительных ферментов. В дальнейшем, полученные модифицированные комплексы ферментов могут быть рекомендованы для повышения эффективности биотопливных элементов. This paper presents an overview of methods for producing bioelectrodes based on the enzyme complexes of glucose oxidase and peroxidase for glucose oxidation reactions used in biofuel cells. It is shown that while using peroxidase in biocatode construction the working potential of the reaction increases due to the conversion of main reaction inhibitor - hydrogen peroxide formed during the D-glucose oxidation. The experimental part of the work contains data on changes in the enzymatic activity of the redox complex of glucose oxidase and peroxidase in long-time period. It is shown that the activity of such complex remains stable for a long time. The data obtained are comparable with foreign studies and even slightly exceed the presented values of activities. High enzymatic activity can be explained by the optimal ratio of the amounts of oxidant-reducing enzymes used. In the future, the resulting modified enzyme complexes can be recommended for increasing the efficiency of biofuel cells.

scholarly journals Internet page content analysis of north European Sea ports

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Olli-Pekka Hilmola ◽  
Andres Tolli ◽  
Ain Kiisler
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Environmental Issues ◽  
Basic Design ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Sea Ports ◽  
Selection Of

Abstract This study analyses 98 Internet pages of sea ports located in Sweden, Finland and Estonia during years 2017–2019. Aim of the study is to find, how website basic design is completed (colours and languages), how slogans, environmental issues, statistics and hinterland transports are reported. Based on the analysis, it appears as rather common that sea ports follow conservative selection of colours in their websites, where blue and white are clearly most popular. Typically, English and Swedish are as the most common used language, followed by Finnish, Russian and Estonian. In some rare cases, websites are offered in Chinese or German. Larger sea ports do have clear “slogans”, where smaller ones are just having lengthy justification for their existence. Environmental issues are increasing concern among sea ports, and these are mostly mentioned in details within Swedish actors. Providing statistics varies among companies, and in some sea ports these are provided from very long time period, where in others from just previous years or then only from last year (or even at all). It is common for companies to report that they have sustainable hinterland access, railway available.

Gonad morphology and gametogenesis in the deep-sea jellyfish Atolla wyvillei and Periphylla periphylla (Scyphozoa: Coronatae) collected from Cape Hatteras and the Gulf of Mexico

2009 ◽  
Vol 90 (6) ◽  
pp. 1095-1104 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cathy H. Lucas ◽  
Adam J. Reed
Keyword(s):  
Gulf Of Mexico ◽  
Gonad Development ◽  
Bell Diameter ◽  
Western Atlantic ◽  
Gonad Morphology ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Cape Hatteras ◽  
Literature Evidence ◽  
Long Time ◽  
North Western

Observations on gonad morphology and the structure of ovaries and testes of the coronate scyphozoans Atolla wyvillei and Periphylla periphylla are described based on samples collected from the Gulf of Mexico and Cape Hatteras (north-western Atlantic). In A. wyvillei, gonads of distinguishable sex were observed in medusae as small as 17 mm bell diameter (BD). Spermatogenesis occurred within follicles (average 366 × 254 μm) that were evenly distributed throughout the gonad. Oocytes in different stages of development were observed in all the females with gonads. Oocytes arise from the gastrodermis and migrate into the mesoglea to develop from early-mid to late vitellogenic oocytes characterized by a large nucleus and granular (organic-rich) cytoplasm. The largest oocytes measured were 543 μm and 263 μm from the Gulf of Mexico and Cape Hatteras respectively. Possible reasons for this difference are discussed. In P. periphylla gonads were also initially observed in medusae 17 mm BD, although not all larger medusae had obvious gonads. Unlike A. wyvillei sperm follicles were arranged in long convoluted rows normally only one follicle thick. The organization of ooytes in female P. periphylla was very similar to A. wyvillei, although the gonads were small and the number of oocytes present in each gonad very low (<22). The largest oocyte measured was 777 μm in a 53 mm BD medusa. Although medusae were collected from one time period only (September) in this study, our findings appear to be in agreement with literature evidence indicating that coronate jellyfish produce few eggs continuously over a long time period. Aspects of gonad development and gametogenesis are discussed with respect to potential differences in site productivity and species identification.

Enzyme precipitate coatings of glucose oxidase onto carbon paper for biofuel cell applications

2011 ◽  
Vol 109 (2) ◽  
pp. 318-324 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mike Fischback ◽  
Ki Young Kwon ◽  
Inseon Lee ◽  
Su Jeong Shin ◽  
Hyun Gyu Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Biofuel Cell ◽  
Carbon Paper

scholarly journals Development of COVID-19 vaccines utilizing gene therapy technology

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hironori Nakagami
Keyword(s):  
Viral Vectors ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Genetic Disorders ◽  
Rapid Development ◽  
Adenovirus Vector ◽  
Phase 3 ◽  
Double Blind ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Short Period ◽  
Long Time

Abstract There is currently an outbreak of respiratory disease caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is caused by infection with SARS-CoV-2. Individuals with COVID-19 have symptoms that are usually asymptomatic or mild in most initial cases. However, in some cases, moderate and severe symptoms have been observed with pneumonia. Many companies are developing COVID-19 vaccine candidates using different technologies that are classified into four groups (intact target viruses, proteins, viral vectors and nucleic acids). For rapid development, RNA vaccines and adenovirus vector vaccines have been urgently approved, and their injection has already started across the world. These types of vaccine technologies have been developed over more than 20 years using translational research for use against cancer or diseases caused by genetic disorders but the COVID-19 vaccines are the first licensed drugs to prevent infectious diseases using RNA vaccine technology. Although these vaccines are highly effective in preventing COVID-19 for a short period, safety and efficiency evaluations should be continuously monitored over a long time period. As the time of writing, more than 10 projects are now in phase 3 to evaluate the prevention of infection in double-blind studies. Hopefully, several projects may be approved to ensure high-efficiency and safe vaccines.

Enhanced production of extracellular lipase by ethyl methane sulfonate from soil fungal strain in submerged and solid-state fermentation condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (7) ◽  
pp. 64-70
Author(s):  
Priya Chaudhary ◽  
Arun Kumar Sharma ◽  
Pracheta Janmeda
Keyword(s):  
Solid State ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Solid State Fermentation ◽  
Wild Strain ◽  
Fungal Strain ◽  
Ethyl Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Methane Sulfonate ◽  
Random Mutation ◽  
Ethyl Methane ◽  
Time Period

Enhancement in the production of enzyme by utilizing different strains of microbe is one of the main prospects in biotechnology. In the present work, ethyl methane sulfonate (EMF) was selected as the chemical mutagen for inducing mutagenesis in fungi. It is a cheap method to induce random mutation as compared to other methods of recombinant technologies. Strain improvement was done by incubating the fungal spore suspension at variable concentrations of EMS i.e. 4% (v/v) and 10% (v/v) for the time period of 60, 90, and 120 min respectively. The set of control was treated with distilled water only. The fungal colonies were found to be maximum in control plate as compared to the EMF exposed plates. The number of fungal colonies was reduced as we raised the exposure time of EMF. Specific activity and the lipase activity of wild strain and hyperproducer were evaluated under the submerged (SmF) and solid-state fermentation (SSF). The wild strain denoted the 3.2 U/ml/min of enzymatic activity under SmF and 15.87 U/g/min of activity under SSF. In contrast, the best enzymatic activity was represented by S2St1 at 10% of EMS after the time period of 60 min i.e. 11.7 U/ml/min under SmF and 99.35 U/g/min under SSF after the time period of 72 hrs. Statistical analysis by using one-way ANOVA determined that the value of F calculated was lower than the F tabulated. So, there was a significant relation between the EMS percentage and time of exposure among the mutated strains. In conclusion, this soil fungal strain can be utilized to produce lipase enzyme for numerous industrial applications.

Glucose oxidase-directed, instant synthesis of Mn-doped ZnS quantum dots in neutral media with retained enzymatic activity: mechanistic study and biosensing application

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (29) ◽  
pp. 5942-5950 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jinyi Zhang ◽  
Airu Zhu ◽  
Ting Zhao ◽  
Lan Wu ◽  
Peng Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Dots ◽  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Mechanistic Study ◽  
Directed Synthesis ◽  
Neutral Media ◽  
Mn Doped ◽  
Target Analyte

Retained enzymatic activity in glucose oxidase-directed synthesis of QDs was achieved, in which the enzyme acts not only as a ligand for synthesis of QDs, but also bridges the QDs with the target analyte.

Tuning the redox and enzymatic activity of glucose oxidase in layered organic films and its application in glucose biosensors

2004 ◽  
Vol 329 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-90 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wenjun Zhang ◽  
Yinxi Huang ◽  
Han Dai ◽  
Xiaoyue Wang ◽  
Chunhai Fan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Enzymatic Activity ◽  
Glucose Oxidase ◽  
Organic Films ◽  
Glucose Biosensors

scholarly journals Comparison of the spatial patterns of schistosomiasis in Zimbabwe at two points in time, spaced twenty-nine years apart: is climate variability of importance?

2017 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ulrik B. Pedersen ◽  
Dimitrios-Alexios Karagiannis-Voules ◽  
Nicholas Midzi ◽  
Tkafira Mduluza ◽  
Samson Mukaratirwa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Predictive Accuracy ◽  
Weather Data ◽  
Geostatistical Model ◽  
Prevalence Data ◽  
Time Period ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Potential Risk Factors ◽  
The Impact

Temperature, precipitation and humidity are known to be important factors for the development of schistosome parasites as well as their intermediate snail hosts. Climate therefore plays an important role in determining the geographical distribution of schistosomiasis and it is expected that climate change will alter distribution and transmission patterns. Reliable predictions of distribution changes and likely transmission scenarios are key to efficient schistosomiasis intervention-planning. However, it is often difficult to assess the direction and magnitude of the impact on schistosomiasis induced by climate change, as well as the temporal transferability and predictive accuracy of the models, as prevalence data is often only available from one point in time. We evaluated potential climate-induced changes on the geographical distribution of schistosomiasis in Zimbabwe using prevalence data from two points in time, 29 years apart; to our knowledge, this is the first study investigating this over such a long time period. We applied historical weather data and matched prevalence data of two schistosome species (<em>Schistosoma haematobium</em> and <em>S. mansoni</em>). For each time period studied, a Bayesian geostatistical model was fitted to a range of climatic, environmental and other potential risk factors to identify significant predictors that could help us to obtain spatially explicit schistosomiasis risk estimates for Zimbabwe. The observed general downward trend in schistosomiasis prevalence for Zimbabwe from 1981 and the period preceding a survey and control campaign in 2010 parallels a shift towards a drier and warmer climate. However, a statistically significant relationship between climate change and the change in prevalence could not be established.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document