scholarly journals Anatomical features of axial organs of the loganberry during apex reproduction

2021 ◽  
pp. 161-167
Author(s):  
Людмила Владимировна Петухова ◽  
Елена Николаевна Степанова ◽  
Александра Эдуардовна Кружкова
Keyword(s):  
Annual Ring ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
First Year ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Apical Bud ◽  
Axial Organs

Выяснена особенность в анатомической структуре стебля ежемалины, размножающейся укоренением верхушек побега. В первый год жизни побега при его укоренении активизируется работа камбия, образуется второе годичное кольцо в зоне ксилемы. Стелющиеся побеги ежевик (и ежемалины) следует назвать дициклическими с многолетней верхушечной почкой. The peculiarity in the anatomical structure of the stalk of the loganberry, which reproduces by rooting the tops of the shoot, has been clarified. In the first year of the shoot's life, during its rooting, the work of the cambium is activated, and a second annual ring is formed in the xylem zone. Creeping shoots of blackberries (and loganberries) should be called dicyclic with a perennial apical bud.

scholarly journals The leaf anatomical features of some Rosa species in relation to their drought resistance

2016 ◽  
Vol 71 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
N. Nuzhyna ◽  
O. Tkachuk
Keyword(s):  
Drought Tolerance ◽  
Drought Resistance ◽  
Leaf Anatomy ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Rosa Species

The leaf anatomy of species of the genus Rosa: R. donetzica, R. kokanica, R. roxburhii, R. rugosa, R. spinosissima was studied. It was found that the plants R. donetzica and R. kokanica have very low drought tolerance by the anatomical structure. The plants of species R. rugosin and R. spinosissima have most xeromorphy features.

scholarly journals Morphological features of the leaves in clematises as a reflection of their ecological peculiarities

2021 ◽  
Vol 89-90 ◽  
pp. 89-100
Author(s):  
Iryna Kovalyshyn ◽  
Andrii Pinchuk ◽  
Artur Likhanov
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Morphological Features ◽  
Adaxial Surface ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
The Third ◽  
Small Leaf ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Windy Weather

Quantitative morpho-anatomical features of leaves of nine Clematis taxa (C. alpina ‘Pamela Jackman’, C. macropetala ‘Maidwell Hall’, C. integrifolia ‘Aljonushka’, C. ispahanica ‘Zvezdograd’, C. fargesii ‘Paul Farges’, C. texensis ‘Princess Diana’, C. tibetana, C. viticella, and C. heracleifolia) were determined with the aim to analyze their adaptation to the environmental conditions.Among investigated clematises, there were plants with hypostomatic (C. viticella, C. fargesii ‘Paul Farges’, C. heracleifolia, C. texensis ‘Princess Diana’, C. macropetala ‘Maidwell Hall’, and C. alpina ‘Pamela Jackman’), and amphistomatic leaves (C. ispahanica ‘Zvezdograd’ and C. tibetana). In C. integrifolia ‘Aljonushka’ leaves were hypostomatic, but few solitary stomata were also present on the adaxial surface. In the leaves of investigated taxa, the palisade coefficient ranged from 27.3% (C. alpina ‘Pamela Jackman’) to 49.9% (C. tibetana). The leaves also differed significantly in size. In particular, leaves of C. integrifolia ‘Aljonushka’ were almost ten times smaller than such of C. heracleifolia.As a result of UPGMA clustering, the plants that can survive in severe windy weather in open rocky areas, Clematis tibetana and C. ispahanica ‘Zvezdograd’, were joined in a separate cluster. The second cluster combined C. alpina ‘Pamela Jackman’ and C. macropetala ‘Maidwell Hall’ – cultivars blooming in the spring, during a period of significant difference in daily temperatures. A relatively small leaf area in plants from these two clusters may indicate an adaptation by reducing the transpiration area and general windage. The third cluster united the rest of investigated taxa, mostly – the mesophytic plants with a relatively large leaf area. However, due to similar morpho-anatomical structure of the leaf, the third cluster also comprised C. integrifolia ‘Aljonushka’ with the smallest leaves.

scholarly journals AGE-RELATED CHARACTERISTICS OF ANATOMICAL STRUCTURE AND PANCREAS GROWTH IN THE RACCOON DOG INHABITING THE RADIONUCLIDE CONTAMINATED TERRITORY OF THE BELARUSIAN SECTOR OF THE EXCLUSION ZONE

2021 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 124-128
Author(s):  
K.D. Kavaliou ◽  
D.N. Fiadotau
Keyword(s):  
Age Groups ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Raccoon Dog ◽  
Exclusion Zone ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Anatomical Nomenclature ◽  
Radiation Zone ◽  
First Time ◽  
Raccoon Dogs

The objective of the study was to determine the age-related anatomical features and patterns of growth of the pancreas of the raccoon dogs in the zone of removal of the anthropogenic load of the exclusion zone. For the research 4 age groups were used. The terminology of the described structures of the pancreas was brought into compliance with the International Veterinary Anatomical Nomenclature. For the first time it was found that for the raccoon dog, living in a radiation zone, the linear and weight parameters of the pancreas growth depend on age.

On certain Semi-carnivorous Anthomyid Larvae

Parasitology ◽  
1930 ◽  
Vol 22 (2) ◽  
pp. 168-181 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Keilin ◽  
P. Tate
Keyword(s):  
Alimentary Canal ◽  
Body Wall ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Sensory Organs ◽  
Ventral Region ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Mode Of Life ◽  
Ventral Wall

In previous papers one of us (Keilin, 1915, 1917) has shown that among cyclorrhaphous dipterous larvae there is a remarkable correlation between the anatomical structure of the larvae and their mode of life. Although the mode of life of the larvae is in correlation with such anatomical features as thickness and hardness of the body-wall, the development of sensory organs on the head, and the structure of the alimentary canal, it is in the bucco-pharyngeal armature that the most obvious and important adaptations are to be found. The most important of these adaptations may be mentioned briefly. In certain cyclorrhaphous dipterous larvae the ventral wall of the basal sclerite of the bucco-pharyngeal armature has a number of longitudinal ridges projecting into the lumen of the pharynx. These ridges are usually Y-shaped at their free borders, and form a series of longitudinal channels in the ventral region of the pharynx. In other cyclorrhaphous dipterous larvae such ridges are absent and the ventral wall of the pharynx is smooth. This character allows the larvae to be divided into two groups—“all cyclorrhaphous dipterous larvae parasitic on the most diverse animals or on plants, as well as carnivorous larvae, and larvae which suck the blood of mammals, never have ridges in their pharynx; on the contrary, ridges are always present in saprophagous larvae” (Keilin, 1915). All the larvae which are devoid of ridges and are either parasitic, carnivorous, pass their whole life in the uterus of the female, or are phytophagous, may be united into the group of biontophagous; all larvae which have ridges are saprophagous.

scholarly journals Xylogenesis of Scots Pine in an Uneven-Aged Stand of the Minusinsk Depression (Southern Siberia)

2020 ◽  
pp. 197-207
Author(s):  
Marina V. Fonti ◽  
Elena A. Babushkina ◽  
Dina F. Zhirnova ◽  
Eugene A. Vaganov
Keyword(s):  
Tree Ring ◽  
Scots Pine ◽  
Annual Ring ◽  
Ring Width ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Ring Formation ◽  
Tree Age ◽  
Wall Thickening ◽  
Southern Siberia ◽  
The Impact

Tree-ring formation studies are important for assessing the impact of environmental factors on tree growth at intra-seasonal resolution. This information is necessary for understanding plant acclimatization to current and expected climate changes. Little is still known about how tree age may affect the duration and rate of annual ring formation. In this study, we investigated tree-ring formation in Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) trees of different ages (30- and 95-year-old trees) from the foreststeppe zone in Southern Siberia. The main objectives were 1) to estimate the timing of cambial activity by distinguishing the phases of division, enlargement, wall thickening, and maturation of tracheids and 2) to compare the anatomical structure of the tracheids forming the annual rings of the differently aged trees. Stem tissue was sampled weekly from April to September 2014. The results showed a 1-2 week difference in duration of the phases of xylem formation between the groups; in addition, the ring width of the young trees was slightly narrower. The size of the tracheids of the entirely formed ring (i.e. the results of the enlargement phase) did not differ between the groups whereas the dynamics of the cell-wall thickness showed significant differences. The data obtained in the present study can provide references to calibrate process-based models linking environment to wood formation. These data can be used to benchmark time-explicit simulated measurements of annual ring increment and cell anatomical structure against the corresponding parameters of mature trees growing under natural conditions

scholarly journals Features of the morphological and anatomical characteristics of the leaves of Taraxacum officinale Wigg. in conditions of rock dump

2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
pp. 78-83
Author(s):  
O. M. Legoshchina ◽  
I. N. Egorova ◽  
O. A. Neverova ◽  
A. A. Bykov ◽  
E. M. Maltseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Taraxacum Officinale ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Stomatal Index ◽  
Lower Epidermis ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Anatomical Changes ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
Positive Correlations ◽  
Number Of Cells ◽  
Anatomical Parameters

The morphological and anatomical features of the assimilation apparatus Taraxacum officinale Wigg., growing under the conditions of a rock dump of the Kedrovsky coal mine in the Kemerovo Region, were studied. It was experimentally established that the specific environmental conditions of the rock dump cause morphological and anatomical changes in the leaves of the dandelion. At the level of leaf morphology, there is a decrease in the average leaf area, thickening of leaf blades, the formation of a trend towards a decrease in the number of leaves in the outlet. At the level of the anatomical structure, there is a significant increase in the thickness of mesophyll, a tendency to a decrease in the thickness of the tissues of the upper and lower epidermis, a decrease in the number of cells of the upper and lower epidermis by 1 mm2 and an increase in the size of stomata in the tissues of the lower and upper epidermis, a decrease in the number of stomata by 1 mm2 and stomatal index on the upper epidermis. Under the conditions of the rock dump, an increase in the number of reliable correlations between the anatomical parameters of the leaf of Taraxacum officinale Wigg., as well as anatomical signs with indicators of atmospheric pollution, was established, to a greater extent due to the formation of positive correlations that are known to control the development of biosystems and are critical for body periods.

scholarly journals Biological features of Rheum wittrockii Lundstr. in the natural population of the Ketpen ridge

2021 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 125-133
Author(s):  
Nurzipa Abubakirovna Saparbayeva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Structural Changes ◽  
Natural Populations ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Biological Characteristics ◽  
First Year ◽  
Apical Bud ◽  
Development Cycle ◽  
Generative Phase ◽  
June July

The article presents data on the biological characteristics of Rheum wittrockii Lundstr. on the Ketpen ridge. The aim of the study was to research the biological characteristics of the natural growth of Rh. wittrockii. Study objects are Rh. wittrockii in natural populations of the Ketpen Ridge. In June-July 2015–2017 the route-reconnaissance method of research was carried out in the northern gorges of the Ketpen ridge of the Uygur district of the Almaty region. Determination of the morphological characteristics of plant seeds was carried out according to the methodological instructions of N.L. Udolskaya (1976). Systematic monitoring of structural changes in plant organs in a large development cycle, determination of biological characteristics and structure was carried out in accordance with the instructions of A. Zhukov (2012b), Program and methodology..., (1986). The study revealed that in the gorges Ketpen Rh. wittrockii is found at altitudes above sea level (1900–3200 m). In the first year of growth, only vegetative organs develop. The development of generative shoots begins in the 2–3rd year of plant growth. The rapid growth of reproductive generative shoots is accompanied by the growth of vegetative shoots. The flowering phase lasts 7–10 days. Flowering of one individual lasts 3–5 days. The generative phase lasts 7–8 (10) years. The fruiting process lasts from midJuly to the third decade of August. The fruiting phase is 12–14 days. The growing season of the plant is 60–75 days. The seed is a triangular nutlet. Germination is underground. Sprouts have two true leaves. The underground perennial shoot system consists of a multidisciplinary caudex formed as a result of infinitely long monopodial growth due to the activity of the apical bud of the main underground shoots. Roots Rh. wittrockii are composed of basic taproots. In the underground part, tender young roots develop in the surface layer of the soil. The duration of the generative period from germination to aging is 15–16 years.

scholarly journals Estudo anatômico da madeira de Vallesia glabra (Cav.) Link (Apocynaceae)

1988 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 123
Author(s):  
Graciela Inés Bolzón Muñiz ◽  
José Newton Cardoso Marchiori
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Data ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Axial Parenchyma ◽  
Anatomical Features ◽  
Bordered Pits ◽  
Perforation Plates

The anatomical structure of the wood of Vallesia glabra (Cav.) Link is described, based in one specimen collected in the Argentinian Province of Santiago del Estero. Quantitative data and photomicrographs of certain wood features are presented. The most importante anatomical features of the wood are the diffuse porosity, small to medium solitary pores, simple perforation plates, small and vestured intervascular bordered pits, heterogeneous rays, apotracheal axial parenchyma, fibretracheids, and rhomboid chrystals in chambered cells of rays and axial parenchyma.

Segmentation of wood cell in cross-section using deep convolutional neural networks

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Halime Ergun
Keyword(s):  
Neural Networks ◽  
Cross Section ◽  
Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Cell Types ◽  
Anatomical Structure ◽  
Automatic Identification ◽  
Segmentation Method ◽  
Deep Convolutional Neural Networks ◽  
Anatomical Features

Fiber and vessel structures located in the cross-section are anatomical features that play an important role in identifying tree species. In order to determine the microscopic anatomical structure of these cell types, each cell must be accurately segmented. In this study, a segmentation method is proposed for wood cell images based on deep convolutional neural networks. The network, which was developed by combining two-stage CNN structures, was trained using the Adam optimization algorithm. For evaluation, the method was compared with SegNet and U-Net architectures, trained with the same dataset. The losses in these models trained were compared using IoU (Intersection over Union), accuracy, and BF-score measurements on the test data. The automatic identification of the cells in the wood images obtained using a microscope will provide a fast, inexpensive, and reliable tool for those working in this field.

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