scholarly journals EXAMINING THE PERCEPTION OF HAPPINESS AND WELL-BEING AT WORK IN TERMS OF DEMOGRAPHIC CHARACTERISTICS

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (24) ◽  
pp. 1603-1611
Author(s):  
Bülent DEMİR
Keyword(s):  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Characteristics

Children with cerebral palsy: Family and parent demographic characteristics and family strengths in Greece and Italy

2020 ◽  
pp. 135910531990027
Author(s):  
Assimina Tsibidaki
Keyword(s):  
Cerebral Palsy ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Family Strengths ◽  
Biological Child ◽  
The Family ◽  
Children With Cerebral Palsy ◽  
High Sense

The study focuses on families raising a child with cerebral palsy to investigate family strengths and their association with family and parent demographic characteristics in Greece and Italy. Participants were 120 parents raising a biological child with cerebral palsy. Data collection used a self-report questionnaire and the Family Strengths Inventory. According to the findings, families share a high sense of family strengths, which is mainly represented in the high sense of ‘pride’ and ‘accord’. In addition, demographic characteristics seem to be important predictors of well-being and strengthen parents and families raising a child with cerebral palsy.

scholarly journals Clinical Profiles and Socio-Demographic Characteristics of Adults with Specific Learning Disorder in Northern Greece

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 602
Author(s):  
Eleni Bonti ◽  
Sofia Giannoglou ◽  
Marianthi Georgitsi ◽  
Maria Sofologi ◽  
Georgia-Nektaria Porfyri ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Adult Population ◽  
Relevant Literature ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Learning Disorder ◽  
Northern Greece ◽  
Everyday Functioning ◽  
Specific Learning Disorder ◽  
Specific Learning

The manifestation of Specific Learning Disorder (SLD) during adulthood is one of the least examined research areas among the relevant literature. Therefore, the adult population with SLD is considered a “rare” and “unique” population of major scientific interest. The aim of the current study was to investigate, describe, and analyze the clinical, academic, and socio-demographic characteristics, and other everyday functioning life-skills of adults with SLD, in an attempt to shed more light on this limited field of research. The overall sample consisted of 318 adults, who were assessed for possible SLD. The diagnostic procedure included self-report records (clinical interview), psychometric/cognitive, and learning assessments. The main finding of the study was that SLD, even during adulthood, continues to affect the individuals’ well-being and functionality in all of their life domains. There is an ongoing struggle of this population to obtain academic qualifications in order to gain vocational rehabilitation, as well as a difficulty to create a family, possibly resulting from their unstable occupational status, their financial insecurity, and the emotional/self-esteem issues they usually encounter, due to their ongoing learning problems. Moreover, the various interpersonal characteristics, the comorbidity issues, and the different developmental backgrounds observed in the clinical, academic, personal, social, and occupational profiles of the participants, highlight the enormous heterogeneity and the continuum that characterizes SLD during adulthood. We conclude that there is an imperative need for further research and the construction of more sufficient tools for the assessment and diagnosis of SLD during adulthood, which will take into account the developmental challenges and milestones in a series of domains, in order to assist this “vulnerable” population with their life struggles.

scholarly journals COMORBIDITY OF DEPRESSION AND ANXIETY AMONG STUDENTS AT THE KENYA MEDICAL TRAINING COLLEGES IN KENYA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (8) ◽  
pp. 360-370
Author(s):  
Jared Menecha ◽  
Susan Muriungi
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Medical Training ◽  
Severe Depression ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Adverse Outcomes ◽  
Middle Level ◽  
Depression And Anxiety ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Co Morbidity

Objectives: To determine comorbidity of depression and anxiety among students at the Kenya Medical Training College, Kenya Methodology: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study design. Study participants were basic diploma students in a middle level college in Kenya. Data was collected using a researcher designed self-administered questionnaire for socio-demographic characteristics, the Beck Depression Inventory (BDI) for severity of depression and the Beck Anxiety Inventory (BAI) for the severity of anxiety in all the students in the seven largest KMTC campuses. All the participants gave informed consent. Results: 18.4% and 20.2% of group A and B respectively had moderate depression while 48.5% and 45.8% respectively had severe depression. The equivalents for anxiety in groups A and B were 24.4% and 23.6% for moderate anxiety and 32.1% and 31.5% for severe anxiety. There was a higher rate of depression and anxiety in thesecond year; with a statistically significant association between depression and anxiety and the year of study in the two groups (p<0.0001 each respectively). All the other social demographic characteristics had no statistically significant association with depression or anxiety in the two groups. There was a higher prevalence of depression and anxiety co-morbidity in both groups which was statistically significant (p<0.0001). Conclusion: Depression and anxiety were highly prevalent and significantly co-existent among the KMTC students. These mental conditions seemed to vary with the level of study training among college students. Therefore, the psychological well-being of college students need to be carefully addressed. There is need to closely monitor anxiety and depression to eliminate the risk factors and consequently prevent the development of adverse outcomes.

scholarly journals An exploratory study of financial well-being among Malaysian households

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 285-302
Author(s):  
Nurul Shahnaz Mahdzan ◽  
Rozaimah Zainudin ◽  
Mohd Edil Abd Sukor ◽  
Fauzi Zainir ◽  
Wan Marhaini Wan Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Low Income ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
High Income ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Residential Areas ◽  
Future Time ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Time Perspectives

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to empirically explore the financial well-being (FWB) of Malaysian households and to construct a subjective FWB index with present and future time perspectives.Design/methodology/approachData were collected from 1,867 respondents across five major regions in Malaysia. Adapting the InCharge Financial Distress/Financial Well-being (IFDFW) Scale by Prawitz et al. (2006) and the method of computing an index by Devlin (2009), this study develops an FWB index using subjective measures that include future time perspectives (retirement). The index was employed to measure the FWB across low-, middle- and high-income groups and socio-demographic characteristics.FindingsThis study finds evidence that Malaysians' FWB is at an average level (46.8). Middle-income households' FWB (46.1) flanks between the financial well-being index (FWBI) levels of the low-income (37.4) and high-income households (58.7). Across age groups, education levels and employment sectors, the FWB of Malaysians significantly varies, although not across different ethnics, religions, zones and residential areas. Overall, the results suggest that the detrimental effects of FWB are perceived by all Malaysian households nationwide regardless of their religion, ethnicity and residential areas.Practical implicationsThe results of this study complement the other well-being indices used by policymakers and may serve as a useful input for government and policymakers for them to formulate appropriate strategies to promote higher FWB of Malaysian households based on their socio-demographic characteristics.Originality/valueThis study used primary data and developed a subjective FWB index that leverages on people's perceptions of their own financial well-being while including present and future time perspectives. The main contribution of this paper is to construct an index that is easily interpretable and that complements the existing FWB indices, and to identify the segments of society that have low vis-à-vis high FWB.

scholarly journals Cesarean delivery and its social determinants in women of childbearing age: analysis of Benin’s DHS

2019 ◽  
Vol 29 (Supplement_4) ◽  
Author(s):  
A Kpozehouen ◽  
Y Glèlè Ahanhanzo ◽  
E Klikpo ◽  
C Azandjeme ◽  
C Metonnou ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Cesarean Delivery ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Caesarean Delivery ◽  
Social Inequalities ◽  
Secondary Analysis ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Childbearing Age

Abstract Background Caesarean delivery, usually performed on a medical indication, is intended for maternal or fetal rescue. Accessibility issues justify setting up a so-called model of “free caesarean” in several developing countries, including Benin, in order to reduce social inequalities and contribute to the reduction of maternal and neonatal mortality. The study aimed to identify the determinants associated with caesarean delivery in women aged 15-49 in Benin. Methods This is a secondary analysis of data from Benin’s Demographic and Health Survey (DHS) 2017 - 2018. It was limited to mothers aged 15 to 49 who gave birth to at least one child in the 5 years preceding the survey. The socio-demographic characteristics of the mother and the variables related to pregnancy were the independent variables. Association between cesarean delivery and its determinants was assessed by odds ratios and their 95% confidence interval using a logistic regression. Results The percentage of mothers who gave birth by caesarean was 6.84%, 95% CI = [6.07; 7.59]. The average age was 29.37 years, 95% CI = [29.20; 29.55]. The probability of cesarean delivery was higher with women aged 45 years and older (OR = 3.33, 95% CI = [1.85, 6.01]), living in urban areas (OR = 1.41, 95% CI = [1.08 1.84]), from rich or very rich households (OR = 1.98, 95% CI = [1.29, 3.05], OR = 1.87, 95% CI = [1.19, 2.96] respectively) and educated (OR = 1.63 95% CI = [1.19, 2.24] and OR = 1.81, 95% CI = [0.97, 3.39] for the secondary and upper levels respectively). Conclusions This analysis shows that cesarean delivery remains associated with the socio-demographic characteristics of the mother, including the level of economic well-being. The current financing model of cesarean should be evaluated for effectiveness and further interventions need to be implemented to account for other factors of disparity. Key messages Benin health authorities should improve the geographical accessibility of Cesarean section, especially in rural areas. The strategies proposed to improve the financial accessibility of cesarean section do not seem effective, so the Beninese authorities should think about revising them.

Cognitive reserve and patient-reported outcomes in multiple sclerosis

2012 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 87-105 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carolyn E Schwartz ◽  
Erin Snook ◽  
Brian Quaranto ◽  
Ralph HB Benedict ◽  
Timothy Vollmer
Keyword(s):  
Multiple Sclerosis ◽  
Patient Reported Outcomes ◽  
Cognitive Reserve ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Satisfaction With Life Scale ◽  
Specific Patient ◽  
Perceived Disability ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Disease Specific

Background: Adaptation and compensation in the face of changing pathology may be better understood by considering the concept of cognitive reserve, which may protect against disability in multiple sclerosis (MS). Objectives: The present work investigates the relationship between cognitive reserve and demographic characteristics, health behaviors, and patient-reported outcomes (PROs). Methods: Cross-sectional data ( n=1142) were drawn from the North American Research Committee on MS (NARCOMS) Registry, from whom additional survey data were collected. Cognitive reserve was measured using the Stern and Sole-Padulles measures, the O*NET occupational classification system, and the Godin Leisure-Time Exercise Questionnaire. PROs were assessed using generic (SF -12v2, Perceived Deficits Questionnaire, Ryff Psychological Well-Being, Diener Satisfaction with Life Scale) and disease-specific (Patient-Determined Disease Steps, Performance Scales) measures. Psychometric analysis created unidimensional cognitive reserve subscales. Regression models examined relationships between cognitive reserve, demographic characteristics, and PROs. Results: The cognitive reserve measures assessed distinct but related constructs. Individuals with high cognitive reserve were more likely to report lower levels of perceived disability and perceived cognitive deficits, and higher levels of physical health, mental health, and well-being. Both active and passive reserve are associated with better outcomes, independent of demographic factors, and these associations apply to both generic and disease-specific outcomes. Conclusions: This expanded measurement of cognitive reserve captures both the passive and active aspects of the construct, and there is a consistent and substantial relationship with PROs. Individuals with high passive and/or active reserve are healthier and experience higher levels of well-being.

scholarly journals A Test of Resilience Theory in the Context of a Global Crisis

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Emily C Willroth ◽  
Angela Moriah Smith ◽  
Dan Mroczek ◽  
Eileen Kranz Graham ◽  
amanda shallcross ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Individual Differences ◽  
Positive Emotions ◽  
Negative Emotions ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Resilience Theory ◽  
Stress Exposure ◽  
Total N ◽  
Baseline Levels ◽  
Resilient Response

Major stressors often challenge emotional well-being—increasing negative emotions and decreasing positive emotions. But how long do these emotional hits last? Prior theory and research contain conflicting views. Some research suggests that most individuals’ emotional well-being will return to, or even surpass, baseline levels relatively quickly. Others have challenged this view, arguing that this type of resilient response is uncommon. The present research provides a strong test of resilience theory by examining emotional trajectories over the first six months of the COVID-19 pandemic. In two pre-registered longitudinal studies conducted in diverse U.S. samples (total N =1,147), we examined overall emotional trajectories and predictors of individual differences in emotional trajectories across 13 waves of data from February through September 2020. The pandemic had immediate detrimental effects on emotional well-being. Negative emotions decreased across six months, with the greatest improvements occurring almost immediately. Yet, positive emotions remained depleted relative to baseline levels, illustrating the limits of resilience. Individuals also differed substantially around these normative emotional trajectories and these individual differences were predicted by socio-demographic characteristics and stress exposure. We discuss three theoretical implications of the present investigation: (1) The extent to which resilience is normative depends on the outcome and the context. (2) Individual differences in resilience are large and complex, suggesting that broad claims that resilience is “ubiquitous” or “rare” may not be useful. (3) Resilience is multiply-determined and embedded within societal contexts that influence who experiences stress as well as who has access to resources to respond to stress.

scholarly journals Social determinants of health and well-being among municipal school children in Mumbai

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 144
Author(s):  
Yasmeen K. Kazi ◽  
Anita G. Shenoy ◽  
Gajanan D. Velhal ◽  
Suresh D. Mate ◽  
Sudam R. Suryawanshi
Keyword(s):  
Social Determinants ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Risk Behaviour ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Preventive Action ◽  
School Students ◽  
The Social ◽  
Health And Well Being

Background: HBSC seeks to identify and explore the extent of the inequalities related to socioeconomic status (SES), age and gender among the younger age group, and highlight the need for preventive action. Hence, this study was carried out, to find out the social context as a determinant of their health and well-being. The objectives of the study were to study the socio-demographic characteristics of the students; to find the social determinants and its association with their perceived health outcomes.Methods: The study was carried out among 426 Municipal school students in Mumbai. They were enquired about their socio demographic characteristics, their personal habits and behaviour, relationship with their parents, siblings and friends, performance in school, academic pressures, and also about any health related complaints if they had. Results: The study shows less communication of students with their parents, more so with their fathers’. Students were seen to have more friends and would also spend more time with them, especially boys. Academic achievement was better among girls and those from less affluent families and it also showed a dip in the higher age groups. Regular consumption of breakfast, fruits, vegetables was seen less among girls and older students. Boys and those from less affluent families were seen to be more involved in high risk behaviour. Conclusions: All the factors mentioned in the study are shown to have adverse effects on the perceived health outcome of the students. These social factors need to be addressed to improve the health and well-being of the younger generations. 

scholarly journals Coping with COVID-19 Stressors: Adverse and Protective Factors Responding to Emotions in a Chinese Sample

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Xu ◽  
Xinfeng Zhang ◽  
Danni Liu ◽  
Qiang Li ◽  
Yanping Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Relations ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Emotional Responses ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Demographic Characteristics ◽  
Psychological Resources ◽  
Physical And Mental Health ◽  
Online Questionnaire ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Chinese Sample

Background: The potential roles of affective responses to environmental stressors in individuals' physical and mental health are complex and multi-faceted. This study, then, explores Chinese citizens' emotional responses to COVID-19-related stressors and influence factors which may boost or buffer such effects. Methods: From late March to early June (2020), a cross-sectional study was conducted using an anonymous online questionnaire included demographic characteristics, COVID-19-related stressors related to individuals' daily functioning, and the self-assessed impact of protective and adverse internal factors on emotions. Results: 1,662 questionnaires were received from residents in 32 Chinese provinces classified by prevalence level according to COVID-19 infections. Among the 17 positive and negative emotional responses, agglomerative hierarchical clustering revealed four subclassifications: (1) stress relations; (2) missing someone relations; (3) individual relations; and (4) social relations. Additionally, heightened regional prevalence levels positively corresponded to intensity of stress relations. Lowest intensity of social relations was found in the areas surrounding Wuhan and coastal areas. Specially, economic- and work-related stressors as well as negative self-perceptions (e.g., suppression, emotionally unstable, self-denial) implicated in negative emotions. While positive emotions were tied to demographic characteristics (e.g., high education, young age and male) and protective traits (e.g., creativity, sympathy, social responsibility), and inversely linked to relationships- and pandemic-related stressors, etc. Conclusion: Associations were clearly noted among Chinese residents' emotions to specific stressors during pandemic. Providing appropriate psychological resources/supports during future or extended public health crises may help offset the cognitive burden of individuals striving to regain an adequate level of normalcy and emotional well-being.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document