scholarly journals Bioaerosol exposure by farm type in Korea

2022 ◽  
Author(s):  
Eun Young Kim ◽  
Jiyoung Han ◽  
Yun-Keun Lee ◽  
Won Kim ◽  
Soo-Jin Lee
Keyword(s):  
Farm Type ◽  
Bioaerosol Exposure

scholarly journals Effects of farm type on food production, landscape openness, grassland biodiversity, and greenhouse gas emissions in mixed agricultural-forestry regions

2021 ◽  
Vol 189 ◽  
pp. 103071
Author(s):  
Niklas Boke Olén ◽  
Fabian Roger ◽  
Mark V. Brady ◽  
Cecilia Larsson ◽  
Georg K.S. Andersson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Food Production ◽  
Gas Emissions ◽  
Farm Type ◽  
Grassland Biodiversity

scholarly journals Pyrogenic activity of air to characterize bioaerosol exposure in public buildings: a pilot study

2010 ◽  
Vol 50 (6) ◽  
pp. 571-577 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Bernasconi ◽  
M. Rodolfi ◽  
A.M. Picco ◽  
P. Grisoli ◽  
C. Dacarro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pilot Study ◽  
Public Buildings ◽  
Bioaerosol Exposure ◽  
Pyrogenic Activity

Bioaerosol Exposure Method for Package Integrity Testing†

1996 ◽  
Vol 59 (7) ◽  
pp. 768-771 ◽  
Author(s):  
SCOTT W. KELLER ◽  
JOSEPH E. MARCY ◽  
BARBARA A. BLAKISTONE ◽  
GEORGE H. LACY ◽  
CAMERON R. HACKNEY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Test Organism ◽  
Hole Diameter ◽  
Pseudomonas Fragi ◽  
Integrity Testing ◽  
Aerosol Exposure ◽  
Exposure Method ◽  
Test Organisms ◽  
Organism Growth ◽  
Bioaerosol Exposure

Test organism motility, concentration, aerosol exposure time, hole diameter and length were evaluated to determine their influence on microbial ingress into a flexible plastic pouch. Microtubes with 10- and 20-μm hole diameters and of 5- and 10-mm lengths were used as defects in 128 flexible pouches. A bioaerosol with a 2.68-μm mean particle size comprised of 102 or 106 CFU/ml source concentrations of motile or nonmotile Pseudomonas fragi TM 849 was introduced into a 119,911-cm3 chamber for exposures of 15 or 30 minutes. Six pouches showed test organism growth after a 72-h incubation period. Microbial ingress was significant (P < .05) for motile test organisms with source concentrations of 106 CFU/ml.

scholarly journals Radio frequency identification technologies for livestock management and meat supply chain traceability

2013 ◽  
Vol 93 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-33 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Barge ◽  
P. Gay ◽  
V. Merlino ◽  
C. Tortia
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Radio Frequency ◽  
Radio Frequency Identification ◽  
Regulatory Compliance ◽  
Identification System ◽  
Traceability System ◽  
Livestock Management ◽  
Farm Type ◽  
Animal Identification ◽  
Frequency Identification

Barge, P., Gay, P., Merlino, V. and Tortia, C. 2013. Radio frequency identification technologies for livestock management and meat supply chain traceability. Can. J. Anim. Sci. 93: 23–33. Animal electronic identification could be exploited by farmers as an interesting opportunity to increase the efficiency of herd management and traceability. Although radio frequency identification (RFID) solutions for animal identification have already been envisaged, the integration of a RFID traceability system at farm level has to be carried out carefully, considering different aspects (farm type, number and species of animals, barn structure). The tag persistence on the animal after application, the tag-to-tag collisions in the case of many animals contemporarily present in the reading area of the same antenna and the barn layout play determinant roles in system reliability. The goal of this paper is to evaluate the RFID identification system performance and determine the best practice to apply these devices in livestock management. RFID systems were tested both in laboratory, on the farm and in slaughterhouses for the implementation of a traceability system with automatic animal data capture. For this purpose a complete system for animal identification and tracking, accomplishing regulatory compliance as well as supply chain management requirements, has been developed and is described in the paper. Results were encouraging for identification of calves both in farms and slaughterhouses, while in swine breeding, identification was critical for small piglets. In this case, the design of a RFID gate where tag-to-tag collisions are avoided should be envisaged.

scholarly journals Antibody Survey of Bovine Viral Diarrhea in Bali Cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 14
Author(s):  
Putu Henrywaesa Sudipa ◽  
Luh Made Sudimartini ◽  
I Wayan Wirata
Keyword(s):  
Economic Loss ◽  
Buffy Coat ◽  
Economic Losses ◽  
Bovine Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Cattle Industry ◽  
Viral Diarrhea ◽  
Farm Type ◽  
Large Farm ◽  
Bali Cattle ◽  
The Village

Bovine Viral Diarrhea (BVD) or malignant diarrhea in cattle is one of the animal diseases that causes economic losses in the cattle industry worldwide. The biggest economic loss due to infection by Bovine Viral Diarrhea is related to reproductive and calf disorders that continue to transmit the virus to other cattle. This study aims to determine the presence of Bovine Viral Diarrhea antibodies in Bali cattle. The sample uses Bali cattle’s blood from 30 cows that are accommodated in 2 tubes that contain anti-coagulant and which do not contain anti-coagulant. After being processed to get serum, plasma and buffy coat cells, then the samples were examined using the ELISA method and presented descriptively. The results showed that there were positive suspects in Sobangan village, Badung with 8 out of 15 samples (53%) and positive suspects in the village of Payangan, Gianyar with 3 out of 15 samples (20%). Positive results are influenced by biosecurity of each type of sample farm, in Sobangan village is a large farm so biosecurity is difficult to implement and the spread of disease is faster than in Payangan village that have small farm type.

scholarly journals Archaea and Bacteria Exposure in Danish Livestock Farmers

2019 ◽  
Vol 63 (9) ◽  
pp. 965-974 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jakob Hjort Bønløkke ◽  
Caroline Duchaine ◽  
Vivi Schlünssen ◽  
Torben Sigsgaard ◽  
Marc Veillette ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Methanogenic Archaea ◽  
Rrna Gene ◽  
Farm Type ◽  
Gene Copies ◽  
Pig Farms ◽  
On Farm ◽  
First Time ◽  
Endotoxin Content ◽  
Farm Types

Abstract Objectives Methanogenic archaea have been found to make up part of the bioaerosols in pig, cattle, and poultry farms. So far no attempts have been made to determine how season, farm type, and farm characteristics may affect workers’ exposure to archaea. Methods Personal filter samples from 327 farmers working on 89 Danish farms were analysed for the number of 16S rRNA gene copies from archaea and bacteria and for their dust and endotoxin content. The farms were visited during summer and winter. Information on farm type and stable characteristics were collected using self-reported activity diaries and walk-through surveys. Differences in archaea and bacteria levels with farm type and stable characteristics and correlations with dust and endotoxin levels were examined. Results Personal archaea exposure was documented in all farm types including, for the first time, during mink farming. At 7.3*104 gene copies m−3 the archaea levels were around two orders of magnitude lower than bacteria levels at 5.7*106 gene copies m−3. At 1.7*105 gene copies m−3 among pig farmers and 1.9*104 gene copies m−3 among cattle farmers the archaea levels differed with farm type (P < 0.0005). The archaea and bacteria levels correlated weakly with a Pearson correlation coefficient of 0.17. Neither archaea nor bacteria levels differed by season. In pig farms the archaea levels differed by type of ventilation and by wetness of the floor. Conclusions Archaea levels were not neglible and appeared to vary greatly between farm types. In pig farms they varied with some farm characteristics. Archaea levels appeared to depend on factors that differed from those of bacteria.

Health Impacts of Bioaerosol Exposure

2017 ◽  
pp. 249-268
Author(s):  
P. Blais Lecours ◽  
C. Duchaine ◽  
M. Thibaudon ◽  
D. Marsolais
Keyword(s):  
Health Impacts ◽  
Bioaerosol Exposure

scholarly journals Bioaerosol Sampler Choice Should Consider Efficiency and Ability of Samplers To Cover Microbial Diversity

2018 ◽  
Vol 84 (23) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamza Mbareche ◽  
Marc Veillette ◽  
Guillaume J. Bilodeau ◽  
Caroline Duchaine
Keyword(s):  
Microbial Diversity ◽  
Wastewater Treatment Plants ◽  
Sampling Strategy ◽  
Airflow Rate ◽  
Molecular Approaches ◽  
Air Sampler ◽  
Field Samples ◽  
Electrostatic Filter ◽  
Traditional Approaches ◽  
Bioaerosol Exposure

ABSTRACTBioaerosol studies aim to describe the microbial content and increase understanding of the aerosolization processes linked to diseases. Air samplers are used to collect, identify, and quantify bioaerosols. Studies comparing the performances of air samplers have typically used a culture approach or have targeted a specific microorganism in laboratory settings. The objective of this study was to use environmental field samples to compare the efficiencies of 3 high-airflow-rate samplers for describing bioaerosol diversity using a next-generation sequencing approach. Two liquid cyclonic impactors and one electrostatic filter dry sampler were used in four wastewater treatment plants to target bacterial diversity and in five dairy farms to target fungal diversity. The dry electrostatic sampler was consistently more powerful in collecting more fungal and bacterial operational taxonomic units (OTUs). Substantial differences in OTU abundances between liquid and dry sampling were revealed. The majority of the diversity revealed by dry electrostatic sampling was not identified using the cyclonic liquid impactors. The findings from this work suggest that the choice of a bioaerosol sampler should include information about the efficiency and ability of samplers to cover microbial diversity. Although these results suggest that electrostatic filters result in better coverage of the microbial diversity among the tested air samplers, further studies are needed to confirm this hypothesis. While it is difficult to determine a single universally optimal air sampler, this work provides an in-depth look at some of the considerations that are essential when choosing an air sampler for studying the microbial ecology of bioaerosols.IMPORTANCEAssociating bioaerosol exposure and health problems is challenging, and adequate exposure monitoring is a priority for scientists in the field. Conclusions that can be drawn from bioaerosol exposure studies are highly dependent on the design of the study and the methodologies used. The air sampling strategy is the first methodological step leading to an accurate interpretation of what is present in the air. Applying new molecular approaches to evaluate the efficiencies of the different types of samplers used in the field is necessary in order to circumvent traditional approaches and the biases they introduce to such studies. The results and conclusions provided in this paper should be taken in consideration when conducting a bioaerosol study.

scholarly journals Agricultural Adaptation to Urbanization: Farm Types in Northeast Metropolitan Areas

1992 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 50-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph E. Heimlich ◽  
Charles H. Barnard
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Metropolitan Areas ◽  
Operating Characteristics ◽  
Small Farm ◽  
Agricultural Adaptation ◽  
Metropolitan County ◽  
Farm Type ◽  
Nonfarm Income ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Farm Types

Metropolitan agriculture is not homogeneous. This paper delves beneath metropolitan county averages using data on individual farms in the Northeast classified into three statistically distinct types. A small group of adaptive farms profit from intensive production on smaller acreage to accommodate themselves to the urban environment. Traditional farms have increased costs and pressures on their more extensive operations without compensating increases in revenue from better-adapted enterprises. A large group of recreational farms subsidize small-farm activities from nonfarm income. Operating characteristics of each farm type are presented and their importance to metropolitan agriculture is assessed. Implications for preserving farming and farmland in the Northeast are drawn.

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