scholarly journals Host feeding behaviour of Dermacentor reticulatus males in relation to the transmission of pathogens

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 227-230
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Bartosik ◽  
Alicja Buczek ◽  
Weronika Buczek ◽  
Alicja Buczek ◽  
Dorota Kulina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Dermacentor Reticulatus ◽  
Host Feeding

Effect of age and hunger on host-feeding behaviour by femaleTrichogramma euproctidis(Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae)

2013 ◽  
Vol 145 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-60 ◽  
Author(s):  
Émilie Lessard ◽  
Guy Boivin
Keyword(s):  
Sex Ratio ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Strategic Choice ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Feeding Frequency ◽  
Duration Distribution ◽  
Adult Parasitoid ◽  
Old Females ◽  
Effect Of Age

AbstractAdult parasitoid females can obtain proteins and lipid by consuming the haemolymph of their host. InTrichogrammaWestwood (Hymenoptera: Trichogrammatidae) species, host feeding on the host egg occurs after oviposition and leads to smaller offspring. We tested the effect of age and hunger on host-feeding behaviour of femaleTrichogramma euproctidisGirault. Young and old females, either starved, water fed, or honey fed, were observed and the host-feeding frequency, duration, distribution, and number of hosts used for nutrition were measured. The sex ratio (proportion of males) allocated to parasitised hosts where host feeding occurred and time taken to parasitise 10 hosts (indicator of female mobility) were also noted. The majority of females host fed on the first host encountered. Age had no impact on frequency, duration, number of hosts used, and mobility ofT. euproctidis. Starved females host fed longer and were less mobile. The sex ratio of the progeny emerging from the first host parasitised was more male biased when host feeding occurred. Host feeding had no effect on the sex ratio deposited elsewhere in the sequence of hosts encountered. Age of female had no effect on host feeding, possibly because host feeding incurs little cost for this species. To host feed on the first host parasitised, in which a male is allocated, is less costly in terms of fitness and represents a strategic choice for the female.

THE EVOLUTION OF HOST-FEEDING BEHAVIOUR IN INSECT PARASITOIDS

1996 ◽  
Vol 71 (3) ◽  
pp. 373-400 ◽  
Author(s):  
GEORGE E. HEIMPEL ◽  
TIMOTHY R. COLLIER
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Host Feeding

scholarly journals Eating in a losing cause: anorexia and macronutrient manipulation by a cockroach fails to boost immunity

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorben Sieksmeyer ◽  
Shulin He ◽  
Benno Kuropka ◽  
Christoph Weise ◽  
Paul R. Johnston ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antimicrobial Activity ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Secondary Compounds ◽  
General Mechanism ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
List Type ◽  
Self Medication ◽  
Dietary Preference ◽  
Blatta Orientalis ◽  
Dietary Regulation

SummaryHost-pathogen interactions can lead to dramatic changes in host feeding behaviour. One aspect of this includes self-medication, where infected individuals consume substances such as toxins, minerals or secondary compounds or alter their macronutrient consumption to enhance immune competence. Another aspect includes illness-induced anorexia, which is a general mechanism adopted by animals following infection. Anorexia is thought to assist host immunity directly or by limiting the nutritional resources available to pathogens.Here, we recorded macronutrient preferences of the global pest cockroach, Blatta orientalis to investigate how shifts in host macronutrient dietary preference and quantity interact with immunity following sublethal bacterial infection.We compared the survival of uninfected and infected individuals on diets enriched with carbohydrate (C) or protein (P) and conducted food-choice experiments after challenging hosts with the common entomopathogenic soil bacterium Pseudomonas entomophila. We then carried out a quantitative proteomic analysis and an antimicrobial activity assay of hemolymph from infected individuals that had been restricted to diets with defined macronutrient compositions.We find that diets enriched for P reduce cockroach survival. However, following immune challenge by P. entomophila, cockroaches significantly reduced their overall nutrient intake, particularly of carbohydrates, and increased the ratio of protein (P:C) consumed. Surprisingly, these behavioural shifts did not significantly improve cockroach immunity or survival, with negligible differences in immune protein abundance and antimicrobial activity between infected individuals placed on P- or C-rich diets.We show that cockroach feeding behaviour can be dynamically modulated by a pathogen, resulting in an illness-induced anorexia-like feeding response and preference for P-enriched food. Interestingly however, our results also demonstrate that these responses hold no special advantage for the host’s immune response. The lack of a benefit following the host’s behavioural shift highlights a possible decoupling of dietary regulation from immunity in these invasive animals.

Host feeding patterns of Culicoides species (Diptera: Ceratopogonidae) within the Picos de Europa National Park in northern Spain

2012 ◽  
Vol 102 (6) ◽  
pp. 692-697 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.H. Calvo ◽  
B. Berzal ◽  
C. Calvete ◽  
M.A. Miranda ◽  
R. Estrada ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cytochrome B ◽  
Blood Meal ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Host Feeding ◽  
Northern Spain ◽  
Feeding Patterns ◽  
Biting Midges ◽  
Vector Borne Diseases ◽  
Blood Meals

AbstractBlood meal identification can provide information about the natural host-feeding patterns or preferences of Culicoides species. Such information could indirectly provide data indicating which reservoirs are significant in associated vector-borne diseases.We positively identified the host species through DNA sequencing of the cytochrome b gene in 144 of the 170 (84.7%) blood meal specimens tested. In the remaining samples, identification of the blood-meal source was unsuccessful, possibly due to the post-ingestion time prior to sampling or the availability of the species-specific cytochrome b gene sequences in the database. The majority of identified blood meals were derived from mammalian blood (95.8%), and only six contained chicken blood. We identified five species as mammalian hosts for Culicoides spp.: sheep (87.7%), human (6.5%), cattle (3.7%) and Savi's Pine Vole (Micrototus savii) (2.1%). The results suggested that large mammals, specifically ruminants, were most frequently fed upon by biting midges (Culicoides spp.), but evidence of opportunistic feeding behaviour was also found. Host feeding behaviour of Culicoides species may also be influenced by the relative abundance of a particular host species in the area being studied. In this sense, Savi's Pine Vole, a wild species, was found to be a locally relevant host and a putative reservoir for viruses transmitted by species of biting midges belonging to the Culicoides genus.Finally, feeding on multiple potential host species was observed. One midge acquired blood meals from human and chicken hosts, while four other midges fed on two different sheep.

Monitoring feeding behaviour of brent geese Branta bernicla using position-sensitive radio transmitters

2001 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 77-86 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mark Hassall ◽  
Simon J. Lane ◽  
Martin Stock ◽  
Steve M. Percival ◽  
Barbara Pohl
Keyword(s):  
Feeding Behaviour ◽  
Branta Bernicla ◽  
Radio Transmitters ◽  
Position Sensitive
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