Near-perfect simultaneous measurement of a qubit register

2006 ◽  
Vol 6 (6) ◽  
pp. 465-482
Author(s):  
M. Acton ◽  
K.-A. Brickman ◽  
P.C. Haljan ◽  
P.J. Lee ◽  
L. Deslauriers ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Quantum Computation ◽  
Fluorescence Detection ◽  
Simultaneous Measurement ◽  
Qubit State ◽  
Photon Detection ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
State Measurement ◽  
Intensified Charge Coupled Device

Simultaneous measurement of multiple qubits stored in hyperfine levels of trapped ^{111}Cd^+ ions is realized with an intensified charge-coupled device (CCD) imager. A general theory of fluorescence detection for hyperfine qubits is presented and applied to experimental data. The use of an imager for photon detection allows for multiple qubit state measurement with detection fidelities of greater than $98\%$. Improvements in readout speed and fidelity are discussed in the context of scalable quantum computation architectures.

scholarly journals Distributed quantum computation with arbitrarily poor photon detection

2010 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yuichiro Matsuzaki ◽  
Simon C. Benjamin ◽  
Joseph Fitzsimons
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Computation ◽  
Photon Detection

Observation of Atom and Ion Clouds Produced from Single Droplets of Sample in Inductively Coupled Plasmas by Optical Emission and Laser-Induced Fluorescence Imaging

1997 ◽  
Vol 51 (5) ◽  
pp. 607-616 ◽  
Author(s):  
John W. Olesik ◽  
Jeffery A. Kinzer ◽  
Garrett J. McGowan
Keyword(s):  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Optical Emission ◽  
Laser Induced Fluorescence ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasmas ◽  
Double Exposure ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Intensified Charge Coupled Device ◽  
Coupled Plasmas ◽  
Single Droplets

An instrument to obtain optical emission and laser-induced fluorescence images of atom or ion clouds, each produced from isolated, monodisperse droplets of sample in an inductively coupled plasma, is described. An excimer laser pumped dye laser is used to produce a large (28-mm × 24-mm) beam for saturated fluorescence from atoms or ions throughout a large portion of the ICP. An intensified charge-coupled device (ICCD) detects optical emission or laser induced fluorescence snapshot images at the focal plane of an aberration-corrected slitless spectrograph. Images produced from a single laser pulse can be detected. Double-exposure emission images with 1-μs gate times can be acquired to monitor the movement of atom or ion clouds produced from a single droplet of sample solution. Variations in the number of atoms or ions produced as a function of time (or height) in the plasma can be monitored. Excitation in the plasma can be assessed from ratios of emission to fluorescence intensities.

scholarly journals Sensitive In Situ Monitoring of a Recombinant Bioluminescent Yersinia enterocolitica Reporter Mutant in Real Time on Camembert Cheese

2002 ◽  
Vol 68 (11) ◽  
pp. 5737-5740 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ariel Maoz ◽  
Ralf Mayr ◽  
Geraldine Bresolin ◽  
Klaus Neuhaus ◽  
Kevin P. Francis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Yersinia Enterocolitica ◽  
Photon Emission ◽  
Photon Counting ◽  
In Situ Monitoring ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
Reading Frame ◽  
Intensified Charge Coupled Device ◽  
Camembert Cheese

ABSTRACT Bioluminescent mutants of Yersinia enterocolitica were generated by transposon mutagenesis using a promoterless, complete lux operon (luxCDABE) derived from Photorhabdus luminescens, and their production of light in the cheese environment was monitored. Mutant B94, which had the lux cassette inserted into an open reading frame of unknown function was used for direct monitoring of Y. enterocolitica cells on cheeses stored at 10°C by quantifying bioluminescence using a photon-counting, intensified charge-coupled device camera. The detection limit on cheese was 200 CFU/cm2. Bioluminescence of the reporter mutant was significantly regulated by its environment (NaCl, temperature, and cheese), as well as by growth phase, via the promoter the lux operon had acquired upon transposition. At low temperatures, mutant B94 did not exhibit the often-reported decrease of photon emission in older cells. It was not necessary to include either antibiotics or aldehyde in the food matrix in order to gain quantitative, reproducible bioluminescence data. As far as we know, this is the first time a pathogen has been monitored in situ, in real time, in a “real-product” status, and at a low temperature.

Effect of finite boundaries on the Stokes resistance of an arbitrary particle

1962 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-48 ◽  
Author(s):  
Howard Brenner
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
General Theory ◽  
Spherical Particle ◽  
Principal Axis ◽  
Wall Effect ◽  
Wall Proximity

A general theory is put forward for the effect of wall proximity on the Stokes resistance of an arbitrary particle. The theory is developed completely for the case where the motion of the particle is parallel to a principal axis of resistance. In this case, the wall-effect correction can be calculated entirely from a knowledge of the force experienced by the particle in anunboundedfluid, providing (i) that the wall correction is already known for a spherical particle and (ii) that the particle is small in comparison to its distance from the boundary. Experimental data are cited which confirm the theory. The theory is extended to the wall effect on a particlerotatingnear a boundary.

scholarly journals High Resolution 3-D Imaging of Mesospheric Sodium (Na) Layer Utilizing a Novel Multilayer ICCD Imager and a Na Lidar

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (22) ◽  
pp. 3678
Author(s):  
Xuewu Cheng ◽  
Guotao Yang ◽  
Tao Yuan ◽  
Yuan Xia ◽  
Yong Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Focal Length ◽  
Horizontal Resolution ◽  
Density Profiles ◽  
Horizontal Structure ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
Observational Technique ◽  
Intensified Charge Coupled Device ◽  
Cassegrain Telescope ◽  
First Time ◽  
Different Altitudes

Equipped with a 1-meter Cassegrain telescope with 6.2 meter focal length and an electronically gated Intensified Charge-Coupled Device (ICCD), a multilayer Na imager is designed and developed at Wuhan in China. This novel instrument has successfully achieved the first preliminary 3-D image of the mesospheric Sodium (Na) layer when running alongside a Na lidar. The vertical Na layer profile is measured by the lidar, while the horizontal structure of the layer at different altitudes is measured by the ICCD imaging with a horizontal resolution of ~3.7 urad. In this experiment, controlled by the delay and width of the ICCD gating signal, the images of the layer are taken with three-second temporal resolution for every 5 km. The results show highly variable structures in both the vertical and horizontal directions within the Na layer. Horizontal images of the Na layer at different altitudes near both the permanent layer (80–100 km) and a sporadic Na layer at 117.5 km are obtained simultaneously for the first time. The Na number density profiles measured by the lidar and those derived from this imaging technique show excellent agreement, demonstrating the success of this observational technique and the first 3-D imaging of the mesospheric Na layer.

Boundaries Effects on the Movements of a Sphere Immersed in a Free Surface Flow

2011 ◽  
Vol 133 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Mirauda ◽  
A. Volpe Plantamura ◽  
S. Malavasi
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Data ◽  
Image Analysis ◽  
Free Surface ◽  
Damping Ratio ◽  
Free Surface Flow ◽  
Surface Flow ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Amplitude Response ◽  
Charge Coupled Device ◽  
A Charge

This work analyzes the influence of boundary conditions on the movements of a sphere immersed in a steady free surface flow. The sphere is free to move both in the transverse and streamwise directions and it is characterized by the values of the mass ratio m∗ equal to 1.34 and of the damping ratio ζ equal to 0.004. In all the experiments the blockage coefficient is kept constant, while the sphere is located at different distances from the free surface and from the bottom wall of the channel. The movements of the sphere have been measured by means of the image analysis of a charge coupled device camera which provides the 2D (streamwise and transverse) displacements of the sphere with a temporal resolution of 0.02 s. The experimental data show a significant influence of the boundaries on the sphere movement and highlight a different behavior of the amplitude response between the three different experimental setups considered.

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