scholarly journals Hardy's non-locality and generalized non-local theory

2010 ◽  
Vol 10 (9&10) ◽  
pp. 859-871
Author(s):  
Sujit K. Choudhary ◽  
Sibasish Ghosh ◽  
Guruprasad Kar ◽  
Samir Kunkri ◽  
Ramij Rahaman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Local Theory ◽  
Maximum Probability ◽  
Probability Of Success ◽  
Two Level Systems ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Non Locality

Hardy's non-locality theorem for multiple two-level systems is explored in the context of generalized non-local theory. We find non-local but non-signaling probabilities satisfying Hardy's argument for two two-level and three two-level systems. Maximum probability of success of Hardy's argument is obtained for three two-level systems in quantum theory as well as in a more generalized theory. Interestingly, the maximum in the generalized non-local theory for both the two two-level systems and three two-level systems turns out to be the same.

scholarly journals Diluted mass gap in strongly coupled non-local Yang-Mills

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (7) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marco Frasca ◽  
Anish Ghoshal
Keyword(s):  
Field Theory ◽  
Particle Physics ◽  
Mass Scale ◽  
Local Theory ◽  
Quantum Field ◽  
Strongly Coupled ◽  
Yang Mills ◽  
Mass Gap ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Non Locality

Abstract We investigate the non-perturbative regimes in the class of non-Abelian theories that have been proposed as an ultraviolet completion of 4-D Quantum Field Theory (QFT) generalizing the kinetic energy operators to an infinite series of higher-order derivatives inspired by string field theory. We prove that, at the non-perturbative level, the physical spectrum of the theory is actually corrected by the “infinite number of derivatives” present in the action. We derive a set of Dyson-Schwinger equations in differential form, for correlation functions till two-points, the solution for which are known in the local theory. We obtain that just like in the local theory, the non-local counterpart displays a mass gap, depending also on the mass scale of non-locality, and show that it is damped in the deep UV asymptotically. We point out some possible implications of our result in particle physics and cosmology and discuss aspects of non-local QCD-like scenarios.

“Non-locality”

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Richard Healey
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Quantum Entanglement ◽  
Quantum States ◽  
Entangled States ◽  
Entangled Quantum States ◽  
Action At A Distance ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Non Locality

Quantum entanglement is popularly believed to give rise to spooky action at a distance of a kind that Einstein decisively rejected. Indeed, important recent experiments on systems assigned entangled states have been claimed to refute Einstein by exhibiting such spooky action. After reviewing two considerations in favor of this view I argue that quantum theory can be used to explain puzzling correlations correctly predicted by assignment of entangled quantum states with no such instantaneous action at a distance. We owe both considerations in favor of the view to arguments of John Bell. I present simplified forms of these arguments as well as a game that provides insight into the situation. The argument I give in response turns on a prescriptive view of quantum states that differs both from Dirac’s (as stated in Chapter 2) and Einstein’s.

Quantum Becoming?

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Craig Callender
Keyword(s):  
Quantum Mechanics ◽  
Quantum Theory ◽  
Quantum Time ◽  
Quantum Non Locality ◽  
Time Quantum ◽  
Temporal Becoming ◽  
Non Locality ◽  
Quantum Wavefunction

Two of quantum mechanics’ more famed and spooky features have been invoked in defending the idea that quantum time is congenial to manifest time. Quantum non-locality is said by some to make a preferred foliation of spacetime necessary, and the collapse of the quantum wavefunction is held to vindicate temporal becoming. Although many philosophers and physicists seek relief from relativity’s assault on time in quantum theory, assistance is not so easily found.

scholarly journals Evaluating probabilistic forecasts of football matches: the case against the ranked probability score

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Edward Wheatcroft
Keyword(s):  
Scoring Rules ◽  
Brier Score ◽  
Sporting Events ◽  
Forecast Performance ◽  
Scoring Rule ◽  
Probability Score ◽  
Probabilistic Forecasts ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Evaluating Forecasts ◽  
Non Locality

Abstract A scoring rule is a function of a probabilistic forecast and a corresponding outcome used to evaluate forecast performance. There is some debate as to which scoring rules are most appropriate for evaluating forecasts of sporting events. This paper focuses on forecasts of the outcomes of football matches. The ranked probability score (RPS) is often recommended since it is ‘sensitive to distance’, that is it takes into account the ordering in the outcomes (a home win is ‘closer’ to a draw than it is to an away win). In this paper, this reasoning is disputed on the basis that it adds nothing in terms of the usual aims of using scoring rules. A local scoring rule is one that only takes the probability placed on the outcome into consideration. Two simulation experiments are carried out to compare the performance of the RPS, which is non-local and sensitive to distance, the Brier score, which is non-local and insensitive to distance, and the Ignorance score, which is local and insensitive to distance. The Ignorance score outperforms both the RPS and the Brier score, casting doubt on the value of non-locality and sensitivity to distance as properties of scoring rules in this context.

scholarly journals Branching Space-Times

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nuel Belnap ◽  
Thomas Müller ◽  
Tomasz Placek
Keyword(s):  
Single Case ◽  
Formal Analysis ◽  
Rigorous Theory ◽  
Quantum Non Locality ◽  
Foundations Of Physics ◽  
Local Contexts ◽  
Rigorous Framework ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Spatio Temporal ◽  
Non Locality

This book develops a rigorous theory of indeterminism as a local and modal concept. Its crucial insight is that our world contains events or processes with alternative, really possible outcomes. The theory aims at clarifying what this assumption involves, and it does it in two ways. First, it provides a mathematically rigorous framework for local and modal indeterminism. Second, we support that theory by spelling out the philosophically relevant consequences of this formulation and by showing its fruitful applications in metaphysics. To this end, we offer a formal analysis of modal correlations and of causation, which is applicable in indeterministic and non-local contexts as well. We also propose a rigorous theory of objective single-case probabilities, intended to represent degrees of possibility. In a third step, we link our theory to current physics, investigating how local and modal indeterminism relates to issues in the foundations of physics, in particular, quantum non-locality and spatio-temporal relativity. The book also ventures into the philosophy of time, showing how the theory’s resources can be used to explicate the dynamic concept of the past, present, and future based on local indeterminism.

scholarly journals The Meta-Dynamic Nature of Consciousness

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
John Barnden
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Formulation ◽  
Physical Universe ◽  
Time Flow ◽  
Non Local ◽  
Physical Interactions ◽  
Key Aspects ◽  
Physical Laws ◽  
The Universe ◽  
Non Locality ◽  
Do So

How, if at all, consciousness can be part of the physical universe remains a baffling problem. This article outlines a new, developing philosophical theory of how it could do so, and offers a preliminary mathematical formulation of a physical grounding for key aspects of the theory. Because the philosophical side has radical elements, so does the physical-theory side. The philosophical side is radical, first, in proposing that the productivity or dynamism in the universe that many believe to be responsible for its systematic regularities is actually itself a physical constituent of the universe, along with more familiar entities. Indeed, it proposes that instances of dynamism can themselves take part in physical interactions with other entities, this interaction then being “meta-dynamism” (a type of meta-causation). Secondly, the theory is radical, and unique, in arguing that consciousness is necessarily partly constituted of meta-dynamic auto-sensitivity, in other words it must react via meta-dynamism to its own dynamism, and also in conjecturing that some specific form of this sensitivity is sufficient for and indeed constitutive of consciousness. The article proposes a way for physical laws to be modified to accommodate meta-dynamism, via the radical step of including elements that explicitly refer to dynamism itself. Additionally, laws become, explicitly, temporally non-local in referring directly to quantity values holding at times prior to a given instant of application of the law. The approach therefore implicitly brings in considerations about what information determines states. Because of the temporal non-locality, and also because of the deep connections between dynamism and time-flow, the approach also implicitly connects to the topic of entropy insofar as this is related to time.

scholarly journals Non-Local Theory of Nucleon-Meson Field

1952 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 133-134
Author(s):  
N. Shono
Keyword(s):  
Local Theory ◽  
Meson Field ◽  
Non Local

Study of internal stresses in rock massif within the framework of elastic layered block models with inclusions of the hierarchical structure of the L-rank.

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Olga Hachay ◽  
Andrey Khachay
Keyword(s):  
Hierarchical Structure ◽  
Classical Theory ◽  
Acoustic Waves ◽  
Degrees Of Freedom ◽  
Heterogeneous Media ◽  
Theory Of Elasticity ◽  
Rock Massif ◽  
Local Theory ◽  
Internal Stresses ◽  
Non Local

<p>In recent years, new models of continuum mechanics, generalizing the classical theory of elasticity, have been intensively developed. These models are used to describe composite and statistically heterogeneous media, new structural materials, as well as in complex massifs in mine conditions. The paper presents an algorithm for the propagation of longitudinal acoustic waves in the framework of active well monitoring of elastic layered block media with inclusions of hierarchical type of L-th rank. Relations for internal stresses and strains for each hierarchical rank are obtained, which constitute the non local theory of elasticity. The essential differences between the non local theory of elasticity and the classical one and the connection between them are investigated. A characteristic feature of the theory of media with a hierarchical structure is the presence of scale parameters in explicit or implicit form. This work focuses on the study of the effects of non locality and internal degrees of freedom, reflected in internal stresses, which are not described by the classical theory of elasticity and which can be potential precursors of the development of a catastrophic process in a rock massif. Thanks to the use of a model of a layered block medium with hierarchical inclusions, it is possible, using borehole acoustic monitoring, to determine the position of the highest values ​​of internal stresses and, with less effort, to implement the method of unloading the rock massif. If it is necessary to conduct short-term predictive monitoring of geodynamic regions and determine a more accurate position of the source of a dynamic phenomenon using borehole active acoustic observations, it is necessary to use the values ​​of the tensor of internal hierarchical stresses as a monitored parameter.</p>

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