scholarly journals Learning Losses Caused by the Covid-19 Pandemic - A Significant Threat to Economic Development

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 92
Author(s):  
Tea Kasradze ◽  
Nino Zarnadze
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
International Organizations ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Market Demand ◽  
Local Policy ◽  
Education Systems ◽  
Increase Productivity ◽  
The Impact

Numerous studies show that there is a positive correlation between education and the economic development of the country. Strong education systems have a positive impact not only on the success of individuals but also on the economy of the entire country. Graduates equipped with the skills required by the labor market can easily find a place in this market. Knowledge and skills relevant to market demand increase productivity have a positive impact on economic growth and development. Unfortunately, Covid Pandemic has severely damaged the education systems. Governments, scientists, and experts provide us with statistical information daily around the world about both the slowdown in economic growth as a whole and the problems of individual sectors of the economy. These are the problems and numbers that are already visible and it can be said that the losses are easily measurable. However, the damage caused to the economy by education systems affected by the pandemic will be felt by countries and humanity years later, nor will it be easy to calculate. The problem is even more difficult in poor and developing countries. This paper aims to study the impact of the Covid Pandemic on the education system and economy in Georgia. The research examines the reports and studies of various international organizations, analyzing the secondary data obtained from them. Local policy documents, government reports and regulations, and papers of different researchers have also been studied, conclusions have been made and relevant recommendations have been developed.

scholarly journals ANALISIS POTENSI DAN EFEKTIVITAS PAJAK HOTEL DAN RESTORAN SERTA DAMPAKNYA TERHADAP PAD DAN PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI DI KABUPATEN MINAHASA

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessy V. Tiwang ◽  
Debby Ch. Rotinsulu ◽  
Daisy S.M. Engka
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Tax Collection ◽  
Local Revenue ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The City

ABSTRAK             Pembangunan ekonomi daerah khususnya Pemerintah Kota merupakan titik awal pelaksanaan pembangunan, sehingga daerah diharapkan bisa lebih mengetahui potensi dan apa yang menjadi kebutuhan daerahnya salah satunya peningkatan Pendapatan dan Pertumbuhan ekonomi melalui proses pemugutan pajak Hotel dan Restoran guna dampak sesuai yang diharapkan.            Dalam penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis potensi dan efektivitas Pajak Hotel dan Restoranserta dampaknya terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah dan Pertumbuhan Ekonomi di Kabupaten Minahasa.            Berdasarkan hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa Pajak Hotel dan Restoran masih kurang berpotensi, sementara untuk tingkat efektivitas, Pajak Hotel dan Restoran menunjukkan angka yang efektif yakni rata-rata diatas 100%, dan secara bersama variabel Pajak Hotel dan Restoran memberikan pengaruh yang positif terhadap Pendapatan Asli Daerah, begitu pula secara bersamaan variabel Pajak Hotel dan restoran serta Pendapatan Asli Daerah memberikan pengaruh yang positif terhadap tingkat pertumbuhan ekonomi yang ada di Kabuaten Minahasa. Kata Kunci : Pendapatan Asli Daerah, Pertumbuhan Ekonomi, Pajak Hotel dan Restoran  ABSTRACT             Economic development areas especially the city is the starting point of construction , so that the regions is expected to be more aware of their potential and what has been one of the needs of the regions increase in income and economic growth through a tax collection hotel and restaurant to the impact as expected.            In this study aims to to analyze the all the potential and the effectiveness of tax hotel tax and restoranserta what effect it had on the regional genuine income and economic growth in kabupaten Minahasa .            Based on the research shows that hotel and restaurant tax potential is weak , while the effectiveness , hotel and restaurant tax shows a figure that is effective and above 100% , and together the hotel and restaurant tax positive impact on local revenue , this is also at the same time the hotel and restaurant tax and local revenue positive impact on the economic growth is in kabupaten Minahasa . Keyword : Local revenue, economic growth, hotel and restaurant taxes

scholarly journals An Attempt to Assess the Quantitative Impact of Institutions on Economic Growth and Economic Development

2014 ◽  
Vol 38 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-30
Author(s):  
Mariusz Próchniak
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Empirical Analysis ◽  
Economic Freedom ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Regression Equations ◽  
Solow Model ◽  
The Impact

Abstract This study aims at assessing to what extent institutional environment is responsible for worldwide differences in economic growth and economic development. To answer this question, we use an innovative approach based on a new concept of the institutions-augmented Solow model which is then estimated empirically using regression equations. The analysis covers 180 countries during the 1993-2012 period. The empirical analysis confirms a large positive impact of the quality of institutional environment on the level of economic development. The positive link has been evidenced for all five institutional indicators: two indices of economic freedom (Heritage Foundation and Fraser Institute), the governance indicator (World Bank), the democracy index (Freedom House), and the EBRD transition indicator for post-socialist countries. Differences in physical capital, human capital, and institutional environment explain about 70-75% of the worldwide differences in economic development. The institutions-augmented Solow model, however, performs slightly poorer in explaining differences in the rates of economic growth: only one institutional variable (index of economic freedom) has a statistically significant impact on economic growth. In terms of originality, this paper extends the theoretical analysis of the Solow model by including institutions, on the one hand, and shows a comprehensive empirical analysis of the impact of various institutional indicators on both the level of development and the pace of economic growth, on the other. The results bring important policy implications.

scholarly journals Corruption and Growth: Evidence from the Italian regions

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadia Fiorino ◽  
Emma Galli ◽  
Ilaria Petrarca
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Government Expenditure ◽  
Public Expenditures ◽  
Potential Bias ◽  
Income Differentials ◽  
Italian Regions ◽  
Dynamic Growth ◽  
The Impact

This paper investigates the impact of corruption on economic growth in the Italian Regions. We estimate a dynamic growth model for the period 1980-2004 addressing both the potential bias of the measures of corruption and the endogeneity between corruption and economic development. We find strong evidence of a negative correlation between corruption and growth. Moreover, since government intervention has been traditionally used to reduce income differentials between the Northern and the Southern regions, we also analyze the interaction between corruption and government expenditure. Our results indicate that corruption undermines the positive impact that public expenditures have on economic growth.

scholarly journals Impact of Monetary Policy on Economic Growth: Empirical Evidence in Vietnam

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tang My Sang
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Monetary Policy ◽  
Interest Rates ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Money Supply ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
The Impact

Through the secondary data collected from 2009 to 2018, the research used Var method to test the impact of monetary policy on economic growth in Vietnam. The results show that there is a relationship between the variables of monetary policy and economic growth, in which the money supply has a positive impact at a high significant level, interest rates have a negative impact on Vietnam economic growth. From the results obtained, the research proposed solutions for operating monetary policy.

scholarly journals THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN FOREIGN DIRECT INVESTMENT AND ECONOMIC GROWTH OF PAKISTAN

2019 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 115-124
Author(s):  
Rummana Zaheer ◽  
Shahana Kiramat
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Foreign Direct Investment ◽  
Direct Investment ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Significant Relation ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Augmented Dickey Fuller ◽  
The Relationship

Although it is very common to argue that the foreign direct investment is beneficial for the economic development of a nation. This exploration investigates the connection amongst FDI and economic development in case of Pakistan. In this study secondary data from 1985 to 2016 is taken to examine the relationship. The investigation included GDP as explained and exports and FDI as explanatory variables. To check data either it is stationary or not the study used Augmented Dickey Fuller test in our study. After making data stationary we have used OLS method to investigate the nature of relationship between the variables. Our results show that there is direct link amongst explained and explanatory variable. The findings also show that there is significant relationship between FDI and economic growth. After analyzing the calculations we came to know that foreign direct investment is a significant element for the economic development because it has positive impact and have significant relation with growth of an economy. Since FDI is an impressive element in economic development so, government should take steps to attract the foreign investors and make policies to encourage the trade liberalization to gain more from the foreign investment.

scholarly journals THE ROLE OF BANKS AND SECURITIES MARKETS IN THE POST-TRANSITION ECONOMIES OF EASTERN EUROPE

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sasho Arsov
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Eastern Europe ◽  
Banking Sector ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Financial Sector ◽  
Securities Markets ◽  
Positive Role ◽  
The Impact

Economic theory predicts that the development of the financial sector should have a positive impact on the overall economic development. Research has predominantly confirmed this expectation, with the remark that at earlier stages of economic development this impact should be higher, while a disproportionate banking sector has detrimental effect on growth through its impact on attracting highly skilled workforce, increased presence of moral hazard and the associated banking crises. This issue has been studied only occasionally in the case of the former socialist economies of Central and Eastern Europe and the former USSR. This paper represents an attempt to analyze the impact of the banking sector and securities markets development on the economic growth of these countries. A sample of 22 countries is assembled, using data from 1995 to 2018 and a panel regression and a GMM technique are used to derive conclusions on the researched topic. The analysis has shown that the banking sector has played a positive role in the economic growth throughout the analyzed period, while the role of the stock market is not significant. This is in line with the previous studies which have confirmed that the positive role of the securities markets should be expected only at higher levels of economic development. Also, the impact of the overall financial sector is deemed to be positive.

scholarly journals KAWASAN EKONOMI KHUSUS DAN PEMBANGUNAN EKONOMI REGIONAL: SEBUAH STUDI LITERATUR

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 40-54
Author(s):  
Nurafni Irma Suryani ◽  
Ratu Eva Febriani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Regional Economy ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Special Economic Zones ◽  
Literature Study ◽  
Economic Growth Rate ◽  
Economic Zones ◽  
The Impact

Special Economic Zones are very important for the progress of an area. SEZ is able to contribute to the regional economy and increase economic development by providing direct and indirect effects. The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of special economic zones on regional economic development. The object of this study is to explore the establish SEZ in Indonesia just only refer to two SEZs namely SEI Mangke and Tanjung Lesung. This research used literature study as a method. The results show that SEZ make the regional economy is starting to move towards a better direction. The role of two SEZs observed have different impact on regional economy, SEI Mangke has a positive impact on macroeconomy indicator such as reduced unemployment, reduced poverty and an increased economic growth rate in Simalungun Regency. Otherwise, Tanjung Lesung just has a positive impact on MSMEsKeywords: Unemployment, Poverty, Economic Growth, Pengembangan UMKM, SEZ Sei Mangke, SEZ Tanjung Lesung

scholarly journals DAMPAK AKUMULASI MODAL, EKSPOR, MARGINAL EFFICIENCY OF CAPITAL (MEC), INFLASI DAN SISTEM PEMERINTAHAN TERHADAP PERTUMBUHAN EKONOMI

Media Ekonomi ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (2) ◽  
pp. 107
Author(s):  
Asti Karlina Dewi
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Supply Side ◽  
Decentralized System ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Dummy Variables ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Better Than

<em>The research is analyzing the Impact of Capital Acumulation, Export, MEC, Inflation and Governace System on Indonesian Economic Growth. </em><em>The model tries to combine the supply side (capital accumulation and MEC) and the demand side (export and inflation), also by including government systems for predicting the factors affecting economic growth. The data used are secondary data obtained from BPS, BI and other data sources from 1987 to 2016 (except data from 1998, 1999, and 2000 due to data in that year's is extreme). To find out whether there is a difference in the phenomenon of economic growth in centralized systems with decentralize system used dummy variables.</em> <em>The results of the study showed that the model is significant in explaining changes in economic growth. The impact of capital accumulation on economic growth is positive significant, as well as the impact of exports. But the impact of MEC as well as of inflation on economic growth is not significant.  By seeing that the variable dummy has a significant positive impact on economic growth, it can be argued that economic growth in the decentralized system is better than the centralized.</em>

Economics of human resources development under globalization era: a study of BRICS countries

2019 ◽  
Vol 43 (7/8) ◽  
pp. 682-698 ◽  
Author(s):  
Samir Ul Hassan ◽  
Motika Sinha Rymbai ◽  
Aasif Ali Bhat
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Economic Development ◽  
Human Resources ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Generalized Method Of Moments ◽  
Human Resources Development ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Brics Countries ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Resources Development

Purpose The study aims to explore the extent to which human resources development quantifies the economic growth of BRICS countries under the globalization era by controlling country differences. Design/methodology/approach The study used the Generalized Method of Moments (GMM) and Scheffe pairwise comparison tests to quantify the impact of the variables and the level of difference among the BRICS countries onto human Resources development. Findings The study observes that the impact of human resources development on economic growth of BRICS counties is significant but limited to few countries. The study reveals that countries such as India and South Africa are unable to utilize their human resources efficiently to promote economic growth, as compared with Russia, China and Brazil. The study further argues that there is urgent need of amalgam of various economic development theories keeping in mind the regional needs to extract the positive impact from human resource on economic development. Research limitations/implications The single limitation of this research is that it was not possible to compare the results with other developing countries to unleash the capabilities of human resources development with regard to economic growth at the universal level. Originality/value To the best of the authors’ knowledge, this paper is the first of its kind to analyze human resources development at a much deeper level. The paper has chosen variables which are important from the policy perspective of government rather than the working perspective, which is a great contribution. Further, for human index the variables chose covering major aspects of human development from spending perspective.

scholarly journals Trends in Foreign Direct Investment and Economic Growth of India with Special Reference to Tamil Nadu

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S10) ◽  
pp. 159-164
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Tamil Nadu ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
National Income ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Time Frame ◽  
The State ◽  
Foreign Direct Investments ◽  
The Impact

Foreign Direct Investments (FDIs) are welcomed by various host countries with multiple objectives such as capital infusion, technological up-gradation and managerial know-how. This measure is carried out at substantial cost of offering various incentives in terms of providing land for industrial investments, supply of uninterrupted power, ensuring problem free labour relation environment etc. These measures are taken by any government on a basis which will have a specific time frame, in order to not let investment become a drain on the economy of the host country. This study intends to evaluate the impact of FDI on the economic growth of India and in the state of Tamil Nadu, the most industrialised and urbanised economy in India. With proactive governance and path breaking policy initiatives and structural reforms, the state has emerged as one of the leading industrialised states of India. The period of this study has been taken for ten years from 2008-09 to 2018-19. The data on the inflow of FDI during this period and the flow of FDI from various source countries have been collected along with the data on various economic parameters pertaining to infrastructure such Gross National Income (GNI), Net National Income (NNI) and Per Capita Net National Income (PCNI). The data collected for the study are entirely the secondary data published by both the state and central governments. The analysed results of the study reveal that the inflow of FDI into India during the study period has been consistent and been growing significantly, as the economy of the country and the dynamic transformation of global economy demanded. This inflow of FDIs has consistently created a positive impact on the economic indicators, making it an essential factor to be very attentively looked after for a sustained growth.

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