scholarly journals The historical writing of the Monography in contemporary Morocco: a contribution to the study of backgrounds, subject and methodology: الكتابة التاريخية المونوغرافية بالمغرب المعاصر: إسهام في دراسة الخلفيات والموضوع والمنهج

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elbachir Abarzak
Keyword(s):  
Historical Research ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
Historical Material ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Regional History ◽  
The Rich

Form of requirement to rewrite the history of Morocco, end and destined for historical writing since the dawn of contemporary Moroccan independence to today. To achieve this endeavor went searching at first with the pioneers of traditional historical writing about writing encyclopedic local dates for various parts of the country, leaving archival sources and the rich historical material, formed an indispensable starting point for subsequent generations of researchers. Has contributed to those pioneers in founding the transformation of historical research in Morocco beginning in the 1970s, crystallized modern path generated in regional history, formed in some respects a continuation of historical writing traditional regional hand and open to Thematic issues and new methodology.

Perceptions of a New Era? Historical Writing in Early Ottoman Damascus

Arabica ◽  
2004 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 419-434 ◽  
Author(s):  
Astrid Meier
Keyword(s):  
Turning Point ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
New Era ◽  
The Social ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Social Uses ◽  
Source Of Information ◽  
Scholarly Attention

AbstractThe year 922/1516-7 is usually treated as an important turning point in the history of Bilād al-Šām. The Ottoman conquest initiated change in various fields which has been the focus of much scholarly attention. However, it is still difficult to understand in what ways the new Ottoman subjects perceived these changes, especially in terms of allegiance to the ruling dynasties. To trace the attitudes of different persons and groups, scholars have often turned to the rich body of contemporary historical writing and used it as a source of information. In this article, which is centred on Ottoman Damascus, I argue that chronicles and biographical collections themselves are important witnesses of change and worth to be studied in their own right. As a step towards a more comprehensive understanding of the social uses of knowledge, I suggest that we need to enquire further into the significance of melancholy and solitude in Ottoman historical writing.

Early Yoruba Historiography

1976 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 69-89 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Law
Keyword(s):  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Colonial History ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
Local Tradition ◽  
History Of ◽  
Sub Saharan ◽  
The Government ◽  
Oral Evidence

The pre-colonial history of the Yoruba has attracted considerable attention from academically trained historians in recent years. This academic historiography–in Yorubaland as elsewhere in sub-Saharan Africa–does not antedate the 1950s, but it was preceded by a tradition of historical writing by local amateur historians which stretched back well into the nineteenth century. The modern academic historians owe a great deal to these amateur predecessors: much of the “oral tradition” utilized by the academic historians comes in fact at second hand from the writings of the amateurs, and the current generation of local historians has figured prominently among the informants from whom the academics have collected their oral evidence.This fusion of academic and amateur historiography was, indeed, given some institutional recognition in the Yoruba Historical Research Scheme launched by the government of the Western Region of Nigeria in 1956, in which both academics and local historians were employed as research associates to collect traditional material. Despite their importance, however, little serious work has been done on the early historians of Yorubaland. The existence of a local tradition of historiography in Yorubaland has been mentioned in general surveys of historical writing on Africa, and attention has been drawn to it as constituting an aspect of the development of “cultural nationalism” among western-educated Africans in the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. These discussions of early Yoruba historiography, however, have dealt with only a few of the better known works and have given little idea of the wealth of the published material or of its character—nor is there any comprehensive bibliography of the writings of the early Yoruba historians. The present article, therefore, attempts to present as complete a survey as possible of historical writing on Yorubaland in the period before c. 1950 and seeks to make some contribution towards assessment of the value of the Yoruba local histories as sources by giving some information on the context in which the local historians wrote and the way in which they went about the task of reconstructing Yoruba history.

A twelfth-century view of the historical church: Orderic Vitalis

1997 ◽  
Vol 33 ◽  
pp. 115-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marjorie Chibnall
Keyword(s):  
Subject Matter ◽  
Religious History ◽  
Political Life ◽  
The Political ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
Ecclesiastical History ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
To Come ◽  
Written Sources

When Eusebius set out to write an Ecclesiastical History he claimed to be ‘the first to undertake this present project and to attempt, as it were, to travel along a lonely and untrodden path’. The claim was justified: there had been little room for religious history, even the history of pagan religions, in the works of classical historians and their imitators. Following the rules laid down by Thucydides, they concentrated on the political life of the present and its military consequences; they preferred oral to written sources, provided the historian had either been present at the scene of action or had heard reports from eyewitnesses. Both in method and in content Eusebius was an innovator. Since his starting point was ‘the beginning of the dispensation of Jesus’ he was entirely dependent on written sources for more than three hundred years; and, innovating still more, he introduced documents such as letters and imperial edicts into his narrative. Far from being political and military, his subject matter was primarily the history of the apostles, the succession of bishops, the persecutions of Christians, and the views of heretics. He was widening the scope of historical writing and using the techniques previously employed in the biographies of philosophers. It is not surprising that, once his work had been translated into Latin and extended by Rufinus and Jerome, it became the starting point for writers on ecclesiastical history for generations to come.

scholarly journals NARRATIVIZATION OF THE UKRAINIAN PAST IN THE LATE 19TH – EARLY 21ST CENTURY: IS OVERCOMING POSSIBLE?

2020 ◽  
pp. 27-41
Author(s):  
О.I. Zhurba ◽  
◽  
Т.F. Lytvynova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Decisive Role ◽  
Early 20Th Century ◽  
National Narrative ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
National History ◽  
Basic Principles ◽  
Early 21St Century ◽  
Political Situation ◽  
History Of ◽  
Regional History

The basic strategies for constructing the framework of the Ukrainian national historical and historiographic narratives in the late 19th and early 20th centuries are analyzed in the first part of the paper. The nationalization of Ukrainian history and historical writing and the decisive role in forming the Ukrainian project of the pre-modern Little Russian nation are shown. The main mechanisms of the process are revealed, such as the historiographic expansion of the Little Russian intellectual range, the consolidation and ethnicization of regional history of the metropolises, the building of linear, teleological constructions, and the anthropologization of the ethnic community. Attention is paid to the technology of forming images of neighbors as contouring enemies. The authors demonstrate the methods for implementing the basic principles of constructing a national narrative in the practice of historical writing. Three competing strategies for creating large Ukrainian national histories that have had a decisive influence on the algorithms of modern didactic, affirmative and analytical historiography are presented. In the second part of the paper, contemporary approaches to the modernization of the traditional national narrative determined during the discussion of 2012−2014 are identified: 1) the deconstruction of national narrative, the rejection of the «tyranny» of asynchronous territoriality, and the development of dual research optics (the methodology of regional history and the integration of national history into the contexts of large cultural communities); 2) the decorative updating of the national narrative through the implementation of a multinational approach; 3) the middle position of «pluralistic indifference», consistent with the arguments of the extreme parties. It is noted that the current socio-political situation has formed an increased demand for the modernization of the ethno-national narrative of the early 20th century, which threatens to discard Ukrainian historiography to the standards of historiography at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries.

scholarly journals Editorship and History Making: On Historicizing Modern Editions of Tiruniḻalmāla

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-33
Author(s):  
Cezary Galewicz
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Identity ◽  
Early Modern ◽  
General Consideration ◽  
Formation Processes ◽  
History Writing ◽  
Ongoing Debate ◽  
The Past ◽  
History Of ◽  
Regional History ◽  
The Rich

In the following essay I am going to comment briefly on the intersection between literary and performative genres that originated in early modern Kerala and to some extent continue till date. More specifically, on their relationship with the rich tradition of representing the past through producing works that follow recognizable patterns of composition and conventions of presentation. This more general consideration shall appear here as a backdrop to a study on contemporary editions of an early Malayalam work named Tiruniḻalmāla. The editions follow the relatively recent discovery of the work in question and its subsequent reinstatement in the history of Malayalam literature. I shall argue that the specific ways this reinstatement was presented by the editors, including a particular place they claimed for this work within the formation processes of Malayalam literature, constitute competing acts of general history writing concerned with the ongoing debate on how should the cultural identity and regional history of Kerala be best represented.

Pompeii, Origins through Destruction

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivo Van der Graaff
Keyword(s):  
Wall Painting ◽  
Primary Sources ◽  
Political Factors ◽  
Technological Advances ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
The One ◽  
The 19Th Century ◽  
The City

On 24 August 79 CE the eruption of Mount Vesuvius destroyed the southern Bay of Naples, burying the towns of Pompeii, Herculaneum, and Stabia together with the farms, sanctuaries, and luxury villas of the countryside. Their systematic excavation began in 1748. A community of scholars and lay people have since investigated the cities and their architecture for over 270 years. Their ranks are varied, starting with art and architectural historians, classicists, classical archaeologists, humanists, and amateurs, and continuing with scientists specialized in disciplines as varied as chemistry, biology, and forensics to name a few. The study of Pompeii and the ancient cities on the Bay of Naples is almost its own discipline that has helped to germinate art history and archaeology and spark movements such as Neoclassicism. The result is a burgeoning bibliography that exceeds 20,000 entries, with dozens of books and articles appearing each year. Given the rich architectural remains of the city, many, if not most, of these publications relate to architecture. Yet much remains unknown and considerable research on the architecture of Pompeii awaits current and future scholars. This article constitutes a basic starting point to study the architecture of Pompeii. It focuses on primary sources and monographs, and extends beyond single architectural studies because the study of Pompeian architecture requires attention to external factors governing social behavior. Domestic rituals, religious practices, technological advances, social routines, social hierarchy as well as military, entertainment, economic, environmental, and political factors all came together to shape the city. Modern research in Pompeii began with art historical and epigraphic approaches producing catalogues and publications describing wall painting, inscriptions, statuary, and the objects of the decorative arts. Expansive topographical surveys describing the city’s architecture started to appear in the 19th century and gave rise to a fascination with Pompeii throughout Europe. The expansion of the excavations in this period prompted then superintendent Giuseppe Fiorelli to organize the city into regions, insulae (city blocks), and house numbers, giving buildings the addresses they have today (e.g. VI.12.2-7 for the House of the Faun). Excavations seeking to understand the long-term history of Pompeii began in the 20th century, first, under efforts by Superintendent Amedeo Maiuri and, later, by various international teams and individual scholars, leading to the comprehensive approaches that study the city today. These efforts have produced a consensus that divides the 700+ years of Pompeian history into three mains phases: Pre-Samnite (under Etruscan, Greek, and Punic influence), Samnite, and finally Roman Pompeii, which subdivides further into the Colonial, Imperial, and Post-earthquake (after 62 CE) periods. Each phase is rich and stimulating in its own right, but the Roman period is the one that produced much of the architecture visible today; consequently, it has received the most attention due to the state of preservation.

Icons as punishers. Two narrations from the Vaticanus gr. 1587 manuscript (BHG 1390 f)

2021 ◽  
Vol 114 (1) ◽  
pp. 35-64
Author(s):  
Marirena Alexaki
Keyword(s):  
Literary Tradition ◽  
Historical Information ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Current Article ◽  
Byzantine Era ◽  
Liturgical Practice ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Second Period

Abstract The Iconoclastic controversies of the Byzantine Era have provided a rich literary tradition of miracle narrations regarding the various magical aspects of the icon. The second period of Iconoclasm however seems to have given rise to a lesser prominent motif of the earlier traditions, namely that of the icon-agent acting as active punisher against its transgressor. The current article explores the development of this motif after a concise survey of the history of icon-miracle narrations, their representative texts and their role in liturgical practice. The starting point of the study were two previously unedited byzantine texts from the manuscript Vaticanus gr. 1587, testifying unique stories of icons as punishers. Finally, these stories are also perfect examples of the rich historical information popular narrations can provide on a topographical and prosopographical level regarding the era within which they were produced.

Conducting Research in Lebanon: An Overview of Historical Sources in Beirut (Part I)

2003 ◽  
Vol 37 (1) ◽  
pp. 68-81
Author(s):  
Sara Scalenghe ◽  
Nadya Sbaiti
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
Historical Research ◽  
Historical Sources ◽  
History Of ◽  
The Rich ◽  
Conducting Research ◽  
Time And Energy ◽  
Rich History ◽  
Shed Light

Nearly two decades of war in Lebanon crippled possibilities for historical research during a period when scholarship underwent significant theoretical and methodological developments. The last several years, however, have seen a renewed vigor to preserve, catalog, and promote all types of sources that could possibly shed light on the rich history of the country and of the Middle East in general. Sources and resources in Lebanon are largely decentralized, rendering the country something of a logistical labyrinth that can cost scholars considerable expenditures of time and energy. This article is a modest attempt to facilitate research in Beirut. Although mostly geared towards historians, we hope that this article may prove useful to scholars from other fields as well. It is slightly slanted towards the British and American academies, particularly since the Francophone world has been so much more embedded in the intellectual and scholarly atmosphere of the country.

Scottish Orientalism: From Robertson to James Mill

1982 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-69 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jane Rendall
Keyword(s):  
Nineteenth Century ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Social Life ◽  
Natural Sciences ◽  
Scottish Enlightenment ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
British India ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
History Of ◽  
Close Interrelationship

It is by now accepted that James Mill’s History of British India, which exercised such influence over the British image of India and Indians throughout the nineteenth century, was cast in the mould of‘philosophical history’, the kind of historical writing typical of the Scottish Enlightenment By the 1790s such an approach was faught at Edinburgh by Dugald Stewart, and in Glasgow by John Millar; and their teachings and writings did much to form Mill’s approach, overlaid though it later was by the Benthamite political message. The characteristics of ‘ philosophical history’ can be identified. Writers of the Scottish Enlightenment were concerned to apply to the study of man and society methods of enquiry comparable to those of the natural sciences, and this, for them, involved the formulation of general laws on the basis of observation, and the available evidence about the history, economy, culture, and political institutions of different societies. Certain guidelines were evolved. The starting point was the close interrelationship between all aspects of men's life within society, between the economy, government, culture, and social life of a people. Secondly, a civilisation, by which was implied all these aspects of a society, could be located on an evolutionary scale, a ladder of civilizations running from ‘rudeness’ to ‘refinement’.

scholarly journals Menggali Nilai-Nilai dan Hakikat Wanita Dalam Pandangan Ki Hadjar Dewantara

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dyah Kumalasari
Keyword(s):  
Historical Research ◽  
Culturally Appropriate ◽  
Historical Writing ◽  
Religious Background ◽  
Western Concept ◽  
History Of ◽  
Education Medical ◽  
Historical Methods

AbstractThis study aims to analyze more about the nature of women in the view of Ki Hadjar Dewantara and what values can be developed in the process of learning in the course of History of Women. This research is designed to use critical historical methods. Critical historical methods include the process of collecting, testing, analyzing the source with criticism both internally and externally, then interpreted and presented in the form of writing history. Four procedures in the process of historical research follow the steps of historical writing as follows: heuristics, verification, interpretation, and historiography. The result of the research explains that Ki Hadjar Dewantara idea and thought is based on cultural and religious background and loaded with eastern values so that it can balance the study of feminism which mostly raises the ideas of women movement from Western concept and is often less culturally appropriate East. That women are naturally different from men both physically and psychologically. However, women still have to get the same rights in education. Women should be forward-thinking and educated in order to properly educate their sons. Women are also not prohibited for a career, but must still adjust to the nature of her femininity. Careers suitable for women according to Ki Hadjar Dewantara is in the field of education, medical, and art. Keywords: values, essence of woman, emancipation, feminism, History of woman

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