scholarly journals The Boomerang Age from Childhood to Adulthood: Emergent Trends and Issues for Aging Families

2006 ◽  
Vol 33 (2) ◽  
pp. 155 ◽  
Author(s):  
Barbara A. Mitchell
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Economic Change ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Industrialized Countries ◽  
Transitions To Adulthood ◽  
Representative Data ◽  
The Future ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Primary Focus

From a historical, cross-comparative, life course perspective, this paper examines changing family-related transitions to adulthood and emergent trends and issues for aging families. Primary focus is placed on Canadian families, although comparisons will be made with several Western industrialized countries (U.S., Britain, France, Italy, Sweden). Using nationally representative data, key findings reveal a general extension of young adulthood, in addition to continuation, diversity and reversibility of family behaviours. Future patterns are also explored, in light of other socio-demographic and socio-economic change. It is concluded that aging families of the future will likely display elements of both modified individualism and increased diversification.

scholarly journals A Life Course Model of Education and Alcohol Use

2007 ◽  
Vol 48 (3) ◽  
pp. 267-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robert Crosnoe ◽  
Catherine Riegle-Crumb
Keyword(s):  
High School ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Drinking Behavior ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Academic Status ◽  
High School Grades ◽  
Longitudinal Association ◽  
Academically Advanced ◽  
Nationally Representative

Working from a life course perspective, this study examined the paradoxical association between academic status and drinking across the transition to young adulthood with multilevel modeling and a nationally representative sample of young people from the Add Health data project ( n = 6,308). Taking academically advanced courses in high school was associated with lower rates of current drinking and binge drinking during high school (grades 9–12) but higher rates of both after high school (age range: 20–26). This positive longitudinal association between academic status and drinking was explained partly, but not completely, by educational, family, and work circumstances in young adulthood. The association was less likely to occur among students who attended high schools in which high achievement was the norm. Thus, the association between academic status and drinking behavior reverses across the transition to young adulthood, especially in certain types of peer environments within the educational system.

scholarly journals THE DIFFERENTIAL INFLUENCE OF REGIONAL CONTEXT ON LATER-LIFE HEALTH AND MORTALITY

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. S806-S806
Author(s):  
Alicia Riley
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Health Effect ◽  
Later Life ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
The South ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Health And Mortality ◽  
The U.S

Abstract This study examines regional disparities in later life health from a life course perspective. To sort out when and how region influences health over the life course, I focus on the sharp contrast between the South and the rest of the U.S. in health and mortality. I draw on data from the National Life Health and Aging Project (NSHAP), a nationally representative sample of community-dwelling older adults in the U.S., to estimate the differential risk of multiple health outcomes and mortality by regional trajectory. I find that older adults who leave the South are worse off in multiple outcomes than those who stay. I also find evidence of a protective health effect of community cohesion and dense social networks for the Southerners who stay in the South. My results suggest that regional trajectory influences health in later life through its associations with socioeconomic status, access to healthcare, and social rootedness.

scholarly journals RICHE – Research Inventory, Indicators, Gaps and Roadmaps for Child Health in Europe - an EU FP7 project

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Staines ◽  
Michael Rigby ◽  
Matilde Leonardi ◽  
Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer ◽  
Aleš Bourek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Future ◽  
Value Judgements ◽  
Child Health Research

Background There is a substantial amount of research in child health published each year in the European Union. Much of this work is paid for from public funds, or from charitable donations. This work covers many areas, but it is fragmented, and a great deal of it, especially the material not published in the indexed scientific literature, is hard to find, and harder to access. Response The EU, as one of the major funders of child health research, has funded a project, the Research Inventory of Child Health in Europe (RICHE), to prepare a roadmap for the future of child health research in Europe. Using a life course perspective, the project sought to identify the research done, define the gaps in the research, and make recommendations for future research funding priorities. Content RICHE is an FP7 funded project (contract no. 242181) tasked with preparing roadmaps for the future of child health research across Europe. Using a life-course perspective, the project has designed, and carried out, an open, transparent, and justifiable process to make recommendations for future research funding. We acknowledge that such recommendations are value judgements, and our aim was to present carefully justified value judgements. The project, which had 25 partners, in 19 countries, was organised into six workpackages – WP1 an inventory of child health research, including funded projects, reports, funders, and people; WP2 on ways of measuring child health, and indicators for child health; WP3 on gaps in child health research; WP4 on the roadmaps for future research; WP5 maintains a platform at http://childhealthresearch.eu/ ; WP6 was responsible for project management. Results The project has finished, and launched a report on 'Roadmaps for the Future of Child Health Research in Europe'. A key recommendation is the establishment of a European Child Health Observatory, with a focus on participation by children and young people. The work of implementing these proposals to improve the health of European children can begin.

scholarly journals RICHE – Research Inventory, Indicators, Gaps and Roadmaps for Child Health in Europe - an EU FP7 project

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony Staines ◽  
Michael Rigby ◽  
Matilde Leonardi ◽  
Ulrike Ravens-Sieberer ◽  
Aleš Bourek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Child Health ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Research Funding ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Future ◽  
Value Judgements ◽  
Child Health Research

Background There is a substantial amount of research in child health published each year in the European Union. Much of this work is paid for from public funds, or from charitable donations. This work covers many areas, but it is fragmented, and a great deal of it, especially the material not published in the indexed scientific literature, is hard to find, and harder to access. Response The EU, as one of the major funders of child health research, has funded a project, the Research Inventory of Child Health in Europe (RICHE), to prepare a roadmap for the future of child health research in Europe. Using a life course perspective, the project sought to identify the research done, define the gaps in the research, and make recommendations for future research funding priorities. Content RICHE is an FP7 funded project (contract no. 242181) tasked with preparing roadmaps for the future of child health research across Europe. Using a life-course perspective, the project has designed, and carried out, an open, transparent, and justifiable process to make recommendations for future research funding. We acknowledge that such recommendations are value judgements, and our aim was to present carefully justified value judgements. The project, which had 25 partners, in 19 countries, was organised into six workpackages – WP1 an inventory of child health research, including funded projects, reports, funders, and people; WP2 on ways of measuring child health, and indicators for child health; WP3 on gaps in child health research; WP4 on the roadmaps for future research; WP5 maintains a platform at http://childhealthresearch.eu/ ; WP6 was responsible for project management. Results The project has finished, and launched a report on 'Roadmaps for the Future of Child Health Research in Europe'. A key recommendation is the establishment of a European Child Health Observatory, with a focus on participation by children and young people. The work of implementing these proposals to improve the health of European children can begin.

scholarly journals The Greek smoking epidemic from a life-course perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rebekka Christopoulou ◽  
Georgios Mavropoulos ◽  
Georgios Voucharas
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Smoking Prevalence ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
International Standards ◽  
Attributable Mortality ◽  
The Great Recession ◽  
Smoking Patterns ◽  
Nationally Representative ◽  
Shaped Pattern ◽  
Related Mortality

Abstract Background Smoking rates in Greece are the highest recorded among OECD countries, but the historical and life-course evolution of smoking patterns is largely unknown. The present paper addresses this gap. Methods We produce nationally representative life-course trajectories of smoking and related mortality of eight generations of Greek men and women. We estimate the smoking–mortality correlation conditional on several confounders and project the estimates forward. Results We show that smoking prevalence among Greek men has plateaued at >60% for all but the youngest generation. For women, smoking prevalence is relatively lower, lags by several generations and follows a hump-shaped pattern. Smoking-attributable mortality is currently peaking for men (nearing 40% of total deaths) and is rising for women. We estimate that it takes ~20 years of smoking to maximize the smoking–mortality correlation (at 0.48 for men and 0.32 for women). Based on this estimation, we forecast that mortality rates will begin falling within the current decade. Conclusions The breadth of the Greek smoking epidemic has been high by international standards, reflecting the ineffective tobacco control efforts in the country. While smoking popularity fell during the Great Recession, policy vigilance is necessary to prevent a relapse once the economy recovers.

scholarly journals Cognitive Functioning and Socioeconomic Status across the Early Life Course

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Max Reason ◽  
Yang Claire Yang ◽  
Allison Aiello ◽  
Daniel Belsky ◽  
Kathleen M. Harris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Early Life ◽  
Reciprocal Relationship ◽  
Social Stimulation ◽  
Occupational Characteristics ◽  
Life Course Health ◽  
Nationally Representative

To date, analysis of the social determinants of cognitive health among younger adults is scant, especially in the US context. This study set out to test the extent to which established models of life-course health development are able to explain the reciprocal relationship between socioeconomic status (SES) and cognitive functioning from childhood through young adulthood. To do this, we used data from a nationally representative sample followed prospectively from adolescence through young adulthood that included information on SES and cognitive functioning at multiple points across the early life course. Additionally, this study aimed to expand these models by directly testing the role of occupational mental and social stimulation in influencing young-adulthood cognitive functioning. We did this by using linked occupational data that specifically measured job-task mental and social stimulation. Ultimately, our findings indicate an interwoven relationship between life-course SES, occupational characteristics, and cognition functioning across adolescence and young adulthood.

scholarly journals Do Voluntariness and Charity Pay Off? Well-being Benefits of Participating in Voluntary Work and Charity for Older and Younger Adults in Finland

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Antti Olavi Tanskanen ◽  
Mirkka Danielsbacka
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Life Course ◽  
Perceived Health ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Voluntary Work ◽  
Younger Adults ◽  
Representative Data ◽  
Nationally Representative

Happiness and health are commonly used well-being indicators, and studies have shown that engaging in voluntary work and charity is associated with increased well-being. However, few studies have analysed the association between volunteering or charity and well-being using nationally representative data from two adult generations. Utilising the Generational Transmissions in Finland surveys collected in 2012, we examined whether volunteering and charity were associated with self-perceived happiness and health in older (born 1945–1950) and younger (born 1962–1993) generations. We found that older adults who engaged in voluntary work were happier than those who did not. Further, younger adults who had made donations to charity were found to be happier than those who had not. With both older and younger generations, we found no correlations between volunteering or charity and self-perceived health. Results are discussed in the light of different life course phases older and younger generations are going through.

scholarly journals Exploring the School-to-Prison Pipeline: How School Suspensions Influence Incarceration During Young Adulthood

2019 ◽  
Vol 18 (3) ◽  
pp. 235-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Paul Hemez ◽  
John J. Brent ◽  
Thomas J. Mowen
Keyword(s):  
Life Course ◽  
Young Adulthood ◽  
Life Course Perspective ◽  
Life Outcomes ◽  
Longitudinal Models ◽  
Additional Risk ◽  
School To Prison Pipeline ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
School Suspensions ◽  
The Life Course

A growing body of research has evoked the life-course perspective to understand how experiences in school relate to a wide range of longer term life outcomes. This is perhaps best typified by the notion of the school-to-prison pipeline which refers to a process by which youth who experience punitive punishment in schools are increasingly enmeshed within the criminal justice system. While this metaphor is commonly accepted, few studies have examined the extent to which exclusionary school discipline significantly alters pathways toward incarceration as youth transition into young adulthood. Applying a life-course perspective and leveraging 15 waves of data from the National Longitudinal Survey of Youth 1997, this study examines how school suspensions influence the odds of imprisonment during young adulthood. Mixed-effects longitudinal models demonstrate that receiving a suspension serves as a key turning point toward increased odds of incarceration, even after accounting for key covariates including levels of criminal offending. However, results show that repeated suspensions do not appear to confer additional risk of incarceration. Results carry implications for the ways in which school punishment impacts youths’ life-course.

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