Distribution and relative abundance of dominant benthic foraminifera and their palaeoecological significance from beach cores sediment in Kerala coast, India

2021 ◽  
pp. 59-68
Author(s):  
M. Ravichandran ◽  
C. Lakshumanan ◽  
M. Prabhakaran
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Major Contributor ◽  
Biotic Community ◽  
Paleoclimatic Reconstruction ◽  
Foraminiferal Species ◽  
Kerala Coast ◽  
Wide Range

The study on 365 sediment subsamples have been analyzed for benthic foraminifera from beach cores sediment in Kerala coast, India. The recent benthic foraminiferal faunal record that reveals the paleoecological preferences of the different benthic foraminiferal species are reported in this study. A total of 38 species belonging to 22 genera were identified from the study. For benthic foraminiferal faunal study, dry samples were sieved over 125 μm-size sieve and split into suitable aliquots to obtain ~250 specimens of benthic foraminiferal species identified and counted. The recent benthic foraminiferal faunal record assemblages were dominated by species are Ammonia beccarii followed by Ammonia gaimardii, Cancris oblongus, Discopulvinulina bertheloti, Gyroidinoides nitidula, Gyroidinoides cibaoensis and Quinqueloculina seminulum etc. The most dominant genus like Ammonia was recorded in all the samples from the study. Benthic foraminiferal species are utilized for biostratigraphy for several years and have also been confirmed very constructive in paleoceanographic and paleoclimatological modernization. This study, benthic foraminifera the major contributor to the marine biotic community is largely employed as an important tool for paleoclimatic reconstruction for high fossilization potential and a wide range of geographical distribution.

Can benthic foraminifera be used as bio-indicators of pollution in areas with a wide range of physicochemical variability?

2016 ◽  
Vol 182 ◽  
pp. 211-225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maria Virgínia Alves Martins ◽  
Anita Fernandes Souza Pinto ◽  
Fabrizio Frontalini ◽  
Maria Clara Machado da Fonseca ◽  
Denise Lara Terroso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Benthic Foraminifera ◽  
Wide Range

Helminthosphaeria stuppea. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. W. Minter
Keyword(s):  
Czech Republic ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Economic Impacts ◽  
Conservation Status ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Tsuga Mertensiana

Abstract A description is provided for Helminthosphaeria stuppea, which is apparently saprobic and able to colonize woody parts of a wide range of plants. Some information on its associated organisms and substrata, habitats, dispersal and transmission, and conservation status is given, along with details of its geographical distribution (North America (USA (California, Colorado, Utah and Washington)), Europe (Austria, Czech Republic, Denmark, France and UK)) and hosts (including Tsuga mertensiana). No reports of negative economic impacts have been found.

Bactrocera papayae. [Distribution map].

1994 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Papua New Guinea ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Fruits And Vegetables ◽  
Peninsular Malaysia ◽  
Distribution Map ◽  
Fleshy Fruits ◽  
Irian Jaya ◽  
Christmas Island ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
New Distribution

Abstract A new distribution map is provided for Bactrocera papayae Drew & Hancock Diptera: Tephritidae. Attacks a wide range of fleshy fruits and vegetables. Information is given on the geographical distribution in ASIA, Brunei, Christmas Island, Indonesia, Bali, Flores, Java, Kalimantan, Lombok, Sulawesi, Sumbawa, Timor, Malaysia, Sabah, Peninsular Malaysia, Singapore, Thailand, AUSTRALASIA, Australia, Queensland, Indonesia, Irian Jaya, Papua New Guinea.

Ustilago hypodytes. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1984 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. E. M. Mordue
Keyword(s):  
New Zealand ◽  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Root System ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Host Plants ◽  
Meristematic Tissue ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Vegetative Multiplication ◽  
Established Infection

Abstract A description is provided for Ustilago hypodytes. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: A wide range of grasses, including species of Agropyron (many), Ammophila, Brachypodium, Bromus, Calamagrostis, Diplachne, Distichlis, Elymus (many), Festuca, Glyceria, Hilaria, Hordeum, Haynaldia, Lygeum, Melica, Orysopsis, Panicum, Phalaris, Phleum, Poa (many), Puccinellia, Secale, Sitanion, Sporobolus, Stipa (many), and Trisetum. DISEASE: Stem smut of grasses. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Chiefly a temperate species found in Europe (including Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Hungary, Italy, Romania, Sweden, Switzerland, UK, USSR, Yugoslavia) and North America (Canada, USA) and extending to central and South America (Argentina, Peru, Uruguay), N. Africa (Libya, Morocco, Tunisia), Japan, Australia and New Zealand. TRANSMISSION: Not fully understood, though inoculation experiments have demonstrated that infection occurs in mature vegetative plants (possibly through meristematic tissue), not seeds or flowers (22, 240; 24, 511). Once established, infection is systemic, probably overwintering in the root system and spreading by vegetative multiplication of host plants as well as from plant to plant (24, 511; 19, 720).

Pythium intermedium. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Waterhouse
Keyword(s):  
North America ◽  
South America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Root Rot ◽  
Crop Plants ◽  
Foot Rot ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Wide Range

Abstract A description is provided for Pythium intermedium. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On a wide range of hosts represented by the following families: Begoniaceae, Bromeliaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Coniferae, Cruciferae, Euphorbiaceae, Geraniaceae, Gramineae, Leguminosae, Liliaceae, Linaceae, Moraceae, Onagraceae, Ranunculaceae, Rosaceae, Solanaceae, Ulmaceae, Violaceae; also in the Equisetales and Filicales. DISEASES: Damping-off of seedlings, foot rot and root rot of ornamentals, occasionally of crop plants and trees. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Asia (China); Australia & Oceania (Hawaii); Europe (England, Belgium, France, Germany, Holland, Sweden, U.S.S.R.); North America (U.S.A.); South America (Argentina). TRANSMISSION: A common soil inhabitant.

Cylindrocarpon olidum var. olidum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1987 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. Brayford
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
North America ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Medicago Saliva

Abstract A description is provided for Cylindrocarpon olidum var. olidum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: Wide range. At IMI there are records on: Asparagus, Camellia, Cocos, Cordylina, Heterodera (nematode), Medicago saliva, Narcissus, Pelargonium, Picea, Pinus, Pyrus, Secale, Solanum.DISEASE: Root rotting. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa: Ghana, Zimbabwe; Australasia: Australia; Europe: Germany, Great Britain; North America: Canada, Honduras, USA. TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne; slimy spores are probably spread by water.

Gibberella fujikuroi var. subglutinans. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Booth
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Sugar Cane ◽  
Stem Borer ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Gibberella Fujikuroi ◽  
Stem Rot ◽  
South Wales ◽  
Pokkah Boeng ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Southern Rhodesia

Abstract A description is provided for Gibberella fujikuroi var. subglutinans. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On several hosts of economic importance in the Gramineae; also on a wide range of hosts represented by the following families: Amaryllidaceae, Anacardiaceae, Bromeliaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Convolvulaceae, Cruciferae, Iridaceae, Leguminosae, Liliaceae, Malvaceae, Marantaceae, Musaceae, Palmae, Rosaceae, Rutaceae, Sterculiaceae (14: 708; 31: 515; 36: 501; 40: 89 and Herb. IMI). DISEASES: Causes a seedling blight, and root, stalk and kernel rot of maize; also on heads and stalks of sorghum associated with a foot and stem rot, and causing a stem rot and top rot of sugar-cane ('pokkah boeng'). Other records include a wilt of Crotalaria, a heart rot of leaves of banana and Manila hemp, and fruit rot of banana, cacao and pineapple. There appear to be no references to pathogenicity to rice. Also entomogenous on cereal stem borer larvae and other insects (27: 71; 33: 382; 38: 141, 740). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Central African Republic, Congo, Ghana, Ivory Coast, Kenya, Mauritius, Morocco, Reunion, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Southern Rhodesia, Tanganyika, Uganda); Asia (Formosa (Taiwan), Hong Kong, India, Java, Indo-China, Philippines, Syria); Australasia (Hawaii, New South Wales, New Zealand, Victoria); Europe (Czechoslovakia, Germany,? Italy, Poland, Romania); Central America & West Indies (French Antilles, Honduras, Trinidad); North America (Canada, United States); South America (Argentina, Peru). (CMI Map 191). TRANSMISSION: Both seed and soil-borne. Air-borne ascospores produced from perithecia on over-wintered plant debris or on dead stalks of sugar-cane at the beginning of the rainy season are also important sources of infection (30: 344). The pathogen may also be disseminated on pupae and adults of cereal stem borers and their parasites in sugar-cane (33: 382).

Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Waterhouse
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Citrus Fruit ◽  
Heavy Rain ◽  
Drainage Water ◽  
Phytophthora Nicotianae ◽  
Crown Rot ◽  
Fruit Rot ◽  
Piper Betle ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Southern Rhodesia

Abstract A description is provided for Phytophthora nicotianae var. parasitica. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On a very wide range of host plants comprising 58 families including: avocado, castor, Cinchona spp., citrus, cotton, eggplant, guava, lucerne, papaw, parsley, pineapple, Piper betle, rhubarb, sesame, strawberry, tomato. DISEASES: Damping-off of seedlings (tomato, castor, citrus, cotton); root rot (citrus, avocado, strawberry, lucerne); crown rot (parsley, rhubarb, strawberry, lucerne); brown stem rot of tobacco; stem canker and tip blight of Cinchona spp. ; leaf blight (castor, sesame, pineapple, Piper betle) and fruit rot (citrus, tomato, guava, papaw, eggplant). GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Ethiopia, Mali, Madagascar, Mauritius, Morocco, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, Southern Rhodesia, Tanganyika); Asia (Burma, Ceylon, China, Formosa, India, Israel, Japan, Java, Malaya, Philippines); Australia & Oceania (Australia, Hawaii, Tasmania); Europe (Cyprus, France, Germany, Great Britain, Holland, Ireland, Italy, Poland, Portugal, U.S.S.R.); North America (Bermuda, Canada, Mexico, U.S.A.); Central America & West Indies (Costa Rica, Cuba, El Salvador, Guatemala, Jamaica, Montserrat, Puerto Rico, Trinidad);. South America (Argentina, Brazil, British Guiana, Colombia, Paraguay, Peru, Venezuela). TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne, spreading rapidly after heavy rain or where soil remains moist or water-logged (40: 470). Also recorded in drainage water in India and in reservoirs and canals supplying citrus groves in U.S.A. (23: 45; 39: 24). A method for determining a disease potential index in soil using lemon fruit has been described (38: 4). Also present in testas of seeds from diseased citrus fruit which may infect nursery seedbeds (37: 165).

Pythium aphanidermatum. [Descriptions of Fungi and Bacteria].

1964 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. M. Waterhouse
Keyword(s):  
Sierra Leone ◽  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Central African Republic ◽  
New Caledonia ◽  
Pythium Aphanidermatum ◽  
Damping Off ◽  
Stalk Rot ◽  
Annotated List ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Southern Rhodesia

Abstract A description is provided for Pythium aphanidermatum. Information is included on the disease caused by the organism, its transmission, geographical distribution, and hosts. HOSTS: On a wide range of hosts, often similar to those attacked by P. butleri, but inducing different symptoms, represented in the following families: Amaranthaceae, Amaryllidaceae, Araceae, Basellaceae, Bromeliaceae, Cactaceae, Chenopodiaceae, Compositae, Coniferae, Convolvulaceae, Cruciferae, Cucurbitaceae, Euphorbiaceae, Gramineae, Leguminosae, Linaceae, Malvaceae, Moraceae, Passifloraceae, Rosaceae, Solanaceae, Umbelliferae, Violaceae, Vitaceae, Zingiberaceae. DISEASES: Damping-off of various seedlings; 'cottony-leak' of cucurbit fruit in storage; 'cottony blight' of turf grasses; root and stalk rot of maize. Other hosts: tobacco, sugar-beet, sugar-cane, papaw, pineapple, ginger, bean and cotton. GEOGRAPHICAL DISTRIBUTION: Africa (Central African Republic, Fernando, Ghana, Kenya, Malawi, Mali, Nigeria, Sierra Leone, South Africa, Southern Rhodesia, Sudan, Togo, Zambia); Asia (Ceylon, China, Formosa, India, Indonesia, Israel, Japan, Java, Malaya, Philippines, Sumatra); Australasia & Oceania (Australia, Hawaii, New Caledonia); North America (Canada, Mexico); Central America & West Indies (Antilles, Jamaica, Puerto Rico); South America (Argentina, Brazil, Peru, Venezuela); Europe Austria, Cyprus, Czechoslovakia, Great Britain, Greece, Holland, Italy, Poland, U.S.S.R., Yugoslavia). (CMI Map 309) TRANSMISSION: Soil-borne. Eggplant fruit become infected when blossom end is in contact with soil (5: 465). Readily isolated from soil using fresh potato cubes treated with streptomycin and pimaricin as baits (43, 1519; 43, 46) or seedling papaw roots in soil containing papaw tissue (43, 1720). Also recorded as seed-borne on tomato and cucurbits but doubtful whether seed-transmitted (see Noble et al., An Annotated List of Seed-Borne Diseases, 1958, pp. 23, 25, 124).

scholarly journals VII.—Foraminifera from the London Clay of Sheppey

1889 ◽  
Vol 6 (11) ◽  
pp. 498-499 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frederick Chapman ◽  
C. Davies Sherborn
Keyword(s):  
Geographical Distribution ◽  
Relative Abundance ◽  
London Clay ◽  
First Time

In the Proceedings of the Geologists' Association for 1878, Mr. W. H. Shrubsole, F.G.S., published a list of Foraminifera obtained from the London Clay of Sheppey. The following list, the result of an examination of some material courteously lent to us by Professor J. W. Judd, F.R.S., adds considerably to the fauna of Sheppey and includes two species not previously recorded from the London Clay. Forty-one forms have been determined, of which twenty-six. are new to Sheppey, thus bringing up the number of forms recorded from that locality to eighty-six. The geographical distribution of the Foraminifera of the London Clay was fully tabulated in 1886, and it is interesting to find so many of the forms there figured and recorded for the first time from the London area common to both localities. The figure following the specific name in the list appended shows the relative abundance of the varieties found.

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