scholarly journals One Point Fixation Versus Two Point Fixation in Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (02) ◽  
pp. 74-80
Author(s):  
Muhammad Husnain Akram ◽  
◽  
Muhammad Mustafa Ch ◽  
Armaghan Israr Mirza ◽  
Muhammad Usman Akhtar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Point Group ◽  
Fixation Method ◽  
P Value ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Complex Fractures ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Zygomaticomaxillary Complex

OBJECTIVE: To compare the mean satisfaction of patients undergoing one point fixation versus two point fixation for zygomaticomaxillary complex fractures. METHODOLOGY: This randomized controlled trial was performed at Oral and Maxillofacial surgey department Punjab Dental Hospital. The duration of this study was 6 months (28-8-18 to 28-2-19). After meeting the inclusion criteria 74 patients were enrolled. Informed consent and demographic information was taken. Patients were randomly divided into two groups. One group is treated with one point fixation method and other with two point fixation. Patient were evaluated in terms of satisfaction of score on 3rd day, 14th day and 28th day and were recorded as per operational definitions. All the collected data was entered and analyzed on SPSS version 20. RESULTS: In this study the mean age of patients in one point group was 42.46±15.325 years while in two points group was 49.32±13.145 years, male to female ratio of the patients was 1.2:1. The mean PSS in one point group was 5.98±0.89 while in two points group was 3.775±0.609 (p-value=<0.001). CONCLUSION: One point fixation is smarter method and provide significantly better satisfaction than to two point fixation method for ZMC fractures KEYWORDS: Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fractures, One Point, Two Point, Satisfaction

scholarly journals Lactulose versus lactitol in acute hepatic encephalopathy (HE).

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (08) ◽  
pp. 1595-1601
Author(s):  
Shahid Rasool ◽  
Salman Azhar ◽  
Talha Munir ◽  
Mian Sajjad Ahmad ◽  
Rizwan Abbas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Level Of Consciousness ◽  
Acute Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Difference

Hepatic encephalopathy (HE), a syndrome observed in some patients with cirrhosis, with depressed level of consciousness. Lactulose as well as lactitol has been used in the treatment of HE. Lactitol is comparable to lactulose in the treatment of HE with fewer side effects and better tolerated. However, literature showed equal efficacy of both drugs. So we conducted this trial to find better drug to implement its use in future. Objective: To compare the effectiveness of lactulose and lactitol in patients with acute hepatic encephalopathy. Study Design: Randomized Controlled Trial. Setting: Department of Medicine OPD and Emergency (East, West, North, South), Mayo Hospital, Lahore. Period: 6 Months June 2017 to Dec 2017. Material & Methods: 570 patients were included through non-probability, consecutive sampling after informed consent. Initial grade of HE was assessed and patients were randomly divided in two groups by using lottery method i.e. lactulose or lactitol. Patients were admitted to ward for management and kept under observation for 5 days. After 5 days, HE grades was measured again, then improvement in grade of HE (effectiveness) was measured. All data was entered and analyzed by using SPSS version 21.0. Chi-square was applied to compare both groups for effectiveness taking p-value≤0.05 as significant. Results: In this study the mean age of the patients was 44.22 ±11.81 years, the male to female ratio of the patients was 2.4:1. The mean duration of the cirrhosis of the patients was 3.73±1.61 months. In our study the effectiveness was achieved in 538 (94.39%) patients, out of which 263 cases were from lactulose group and 275 were from lactitol group and the difference was significant (p<0.0.5). Conclusion: Our study results concluded that Lactitol is better choice for the treatment of patients with acute hepatic encephalopathy as compared to lactulose. More efficacy was achieved in lactitol group patients than in lactulose group patients.

scholarly journals LOWER URETERIC STONES EXPULSION;

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (09) ◽  
pp. 1331-1335
Author(s):  
Khalid Hussain ◽  
Maria Tarique ◽  
Attiq ur Rehman Khan ◽  
Asim Bukhari ◽  
Bilal Akhter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Oral Treatment ◽  
P Value ◽  
X Rays ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Group A ◽  
Insignificant Difference ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Group B ◽  
Trial Setting

Objectives: To compare Tamsulosin versus ESWL for lower ureteric stonesexpulsion. Study Design: Randomized controlled trial. Setting: Outpatient Department ofUrology at Services Hospital, Lahore. Period: January 2015 to December 2015. Material& Methods: Total 50 patients were enrolled in study. Patients were divided into 2 groups.In group A, 25 patients received daily oral treatment of 0.4mg Tamsulosin for 28 days, andin group B, 25 patients were treated with ESWL. A stone-free condition, was defined as thecomplete absence of any stone based on plain abdominal X-rays observed and during followupvisits at the time of treatment of stone was noted. Results: The mean age of the patientswere recorded as 33.20±9.23 years. There were 40(80%) males and 10(20%) females with maleto female ratio of 4:1. Out of 50 patients, 16(32%) presented with hematuria, 3(6%) had feverwhile 31(62%) appeared with no complication status. Out of 50 patients, 21(42%) presentedwith expulsion time 08-14 days in which 14(28%) were from tamsulosin group and 07(14%)were from ESWL group, similarly 19(38%) patients appeared with expulsion time of 15-28 daysin which 10(20%) were from tamsulosin group and 09(18%) were from ESWL group. Statisticallythere is insignificant difference between the groups i.e. p-value=0.28 Ns. Conclusion: Thisstudy suggests that the tamsulosin helps in the earlier clearance of stone fragments andreduces the complications as compared to ESWL.

scholarly journals Maxillofacial Fractures Surgically Managed at Aalesund Hospital between 2002 and 2009

2015 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 321-325 ◽  
Author(s):  
Espen Helgeland ◽  
IdaMarie Dahle ◽  
JanInge Leira ◽  
LadoLako Loro
Keyword(s):  
Interpersonal Violence ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Alcohol And Drugs ◽  
Complex Fractures ◽  
Maxillofacial Fractures ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Female Cohort

This study analyses the demographics, etiology, and complications in patients operated for maxillofacial fractures by oral and maxillofacial surgeons at the Aalesund Hospital between 2002 and 2009. A total of 188 fractures in 139 patients were studied. The male-to-female ratio was 3.6:1 and the mean age was 35.7 ± 17.2 years. Males were significantly younger than females ( p < 0.05). Mandibular (52.7%) and zygomatic complex fractures (33.5%) were the most frequent. Most patients (41.7%) sustained their injuries as a result of interpersonal violence (IPV) followed by falls (25.9%) and traffic accidents (15.8%). Significantly more males were victims of IPV ( p < 0.05). Almost half of the female cohort sustained their injuries from falling. More than half of those who sustained their injuries between midnight and morning were intoxicated. The majority of cases were treated by open reduction and internal fixation (56.8%). Posttraumatic and postoperative complications were seen in 25% of the patients, with infection (8.6%) occurring most frequently. Mandibular and zygomatic complex fractures were the most frequent in our study. IPV in association with alcohol and drugs was a major cause of maxillofacial fractures, especially among young adult males. Falls were the predominant cause of fractures among females.

scholarly journals Acquired Ano Rectal Conditions (AARC) in Children Seen at Gezira National Center for Pediatric Surgery (GNCPS-Sudan), Epidemiology, Management, and Outcome

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Khalid yousif khalid Abu aagla ◽  
Faisal A Nugud ◽  
Ahmed A Abdalla
Keyword(s):  
Rectal Prolapse ◽  
Complication Rate ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Pediatric Surgery ◽  
P Value ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Rectal Polyps ◽  
Period Data ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male To Female

The study's main objective is to determine the epidemiology, treatment, and outcome of the acquired anorectal conditions seen at the GNCPS. This study was a retrospective and prospective descriptive hospital-based study involving (131) child with Acquired anorectal conditions (AARC) who presented to GNCPS during the two-year study period. Data regarding the presentation, management, and post-operative course to look after complications and outcomes were collected. Data were collected using a formulated questionnaire and analyzed using (SPSS 17). Data considered statistically significant when P-value is less than 0.05. The study involved a total number of 131 children with AACS. The mean age of presentation is (5.78 years) with an overall 1.4:1 male to female ratio. Most of the study subjects are from rural areas, 66.4 percent. Most of them treated surgically, 83.2 percent, and 16.8 percent medically, with an overall complication rate of 24.4 percent. Conclusion Acquired Ano Rectal Conditions commonly seen at the preschooler age, mean (5.78 years). Rectal polyps and rectal prolapse were among the most frequently seen acquired anorectal conditions in children. Most of the cases treated surgically with an overall complication rate of 24.4 percent.

scholarly journals Outcome of ureteric stone treatment with tamsulocin

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Rakesh Kumar Pandit ◽  
Uma Shankar Gupta ◽  
Subash Thapa Magar ◽  
Vinay Kumar Jha
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
Stone Size ◽  
Expulsion Rate ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Randomized Controlled ◽  
Stone Treatment ◽  
Secondary Endpoints ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Male To Female

Background and Objectives: Though medical expulsive therapy for ureteric stones is increasingly used these days, some recent randomized controlled trials have questioned its benefit. This study evaluates the result of treatment of ureteric stones with tamsulosin. Materials and Methods: This prospective study involved ultrasonographically confirmed cases of uncomplicated unilateral ureteric stones. All patients received tamsulocin 0.4 mg daily for 2 to 6 weeks. The primary end point was stone expulsion. The secondary endpoints were the use of analgesics and adverse events.   Results: One hundred and sixty two patients completed the study. Ninety seven patients were male and male to female ratio was 3:2. The mean age was 34.9 ± 9.8 (range: 18-71) years. The mean stone size was 6.17 ± 1.68 (range: 3.3-11.2) mm. By the end of 2, 4 and 6 weeks, cumulative stone expulsion rate was 110 (69.1%), 121 (74.7%) and 126 (77.8%) respectively. For the 49 stones of size £ 5 mm, the expulsion rate was 47 (95.9%) by the end of 6 weeks. The expulsion rates for stones of size > 5 - 7 mm, > 7 – 9 mm and ³ 9 mm were 59 (85.5%), 17 (53.1%) and 3 (25%) respectively by the end of 6 weeks. Lower ureteric stones had the highest expulsion rate of 106 (87.6%) by the end of 6 weeks, and the rate was lowest for upper ureteric stones (34.6%). Ten (6.1%) patients required additional analgesics during the course of treatment. Eleven (6.8%) patients complained of mild light-headedness and dizziness which subsided in a few days. Conclusion: Tamsulocin appears to facilitate expulsion of ureteric stones especially the distal ones. The benefit of tamsulocin seems to be maximum for the stones of size up to 9 mm. Further large scale randomized controlled trial should better define the real benefit and more rationale use of tamsulocin in routine clinical practice.

scholarly journals Frequency of paediatric facial trauma in a tertiary care dental hospital

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 310 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Athar Khan ◽  
Muhammad Ishfaq ◽  
Mobeen Akhtar ◽  
Sadiq Amin Ahmed Rana ◽  
Muhammad Kashif
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Facial Trauma ◽  
Facial Fracture ◽  
Facial Bones ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Dental Hospital ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Upper Third ◽  
Male To Female ◽  
Written Informed Consent

Background: The objective of the study was to determine the frequency of various patterns of pediatric facial trauma in the patients attending a tertiary care hospital.Methods: After written informed consent, 191 cases were taken using non- probability purposive sampling. Demographic profile (age, gender, address) was taken. Diagnoses of the distribution of facial fracture were made with help of history, clinical and radiological examination, plain radiographs, OPG (Orthopantomogram), Occipitomental, PA view of face and CT scan, according to the requirement. Pattern of facial trauma i.e. upper third of face (frontal bone, orbital bone), mid facial bones (Maxilla, Zygomatic, NOE noso-orbito-ethmodial complex), dentoalveolar and mandible was noted on the proforma attached. Data was entered and analysed using SPSS 20.0.Results: The mean age of the patients was 6.50±3.72 years. In this study, 112 (58.63%) were males and 79 (41.37%) were females. So, the male to female ratio were 1.41:1. The mandible was the most commonly fractured bone 58 (30.36%) followed by dentoalveolar, maxilla, zygomatic, NOE complex, orbital and frontal bones fractures.Conclusions: Mandible is the most prone to fracture in paediatric patients.

scholarly journals Consequences of COVID-19 Lockdown on Children and Their Pets: Dangerous Increase of Dog Bites among the Paediatric Population

Children ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 620
Author(s):  
Giovanni Parente ◽  
Tommaso Gargano ◽  
Marco Di Mitri ◽  
Sara Cravano ◽  
Eduje Thomas ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Paediatric Population ◽  
Lower Limbs ◽  
P Value ◽  
Upper Limbs ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Dog Bites ◽  
Chi Squared ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
Male To Female

Background: The SARS-CoV-2 pandemic has not only put our national health systems to the test, but it also notably hit the economy, the society and the psychology of the people. Our pets have been subjected to the pandemic related stress too. The aim of the study was to evaluate whether the stress induced on domestic dogs resulted in an increase of dog bites in the paediatric population. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted on all patients admitted to our paediatric emergency department for dog bite from January 2014 and December 2020. We compared the total mean dog bites of the years 2014–2019 and the mean number per single month with the respective 2020 data. The bites were divided between bites from family dogs and bites from stranger dogs. Continuous data were analysed using single sample t test while categorical values with chi-squared test, considering statistically significant a p value < 0.05. Results: From January 2014 to December 2019, we recorded a mean of 41 ± 5.9 dog bites (range: 30–46) of which a mean 13 ± 2.6 (range: 10–17) were due to family dogs (32%) and a mean of 28 ± 2.4 (range: 25–31) were due to stranger dogs (68%); the male-to-female ratio was 3:2 and 43% of the injuries concerned the head and face, 26% the lower limbs, 25% the upper limbs, 3% the genitalia and 3% the torso. From January 2020 to December 2020, 30 children were admitted for dog bites: 22 were from family dogs (73%) and 8 from stranger dogs (27%); the male-to-female ratio was 14:11 and 72% of the injuries concerned the head and face, 16% the upper limbs, 8% the lower limbs and 4% the torso. The 2020 data’s higher number of family dog bites compared with the mean of those in the 2014–2019 period was statistically significant (p < 0.01) such as the 2020 data’s lower number of stranger dog bites when compared with the mean number of stranger dog bites in the 2014–2019 period (p < 0.01). Between 2014 and 2019, a mean of 9 ± 2 (range: 6–12) of the wounds needed to be sutured (22%), while 32 ± 3 (range: 28–35) wounds were discharged after application of Steri Strips (78%). On the other hand, in 2020, 21 wounds needed to be sutured (70%), and 9 received just Steri Strips application (41%). The frequency distribution of the treatments required (stitches vs. Steri Strips) between the 2014 to 2019 period and the 2020 period was statistically significant (p < 0.0001). Conclusions: The number of family dog bites in children increased in 2020, especially during the lockdown period. Paediatricians should pay a lot of attention now more than ever to educate parents on the importance of always supervising children who are playing with dogs.

PRECIPITATING FACTORS AND EFFICACY OF COMBINING LACTULOSE PLUS RIFAXIMIN IN THE TREATMENT OF HEPATIC ENCEPHALOPATHY DUE TO CIRRHOSIS AT CHO RAY HOSPITAL

2020 ◽  
pp. 63-68
Author(s):  
Phat Ho Tan ◽  
Tam Vu Thi Minh ◽  
Trong Huynh Nguyen Dang ◽  
Phuong Tran Nhat Thi Anh ◽  
Ngan Tran Thi Kim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Gastrointestinal Bleeding ◽  
Clinical Symptoms ◽  
Controlled Trial ◽  
P Value ◽  
Precipitating Factors ◽  
Overt Hepatic Encephalopathy ◽  
Group A ◽  
Group B ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Hepatic encephalopathy is an important evidence that confirms impairment of liver function, may occur in about 40% of cirrhotics. Data about efficacy of rifaximin plus lactulose in the treatment of Vietnamese patients was still limited. This study aimed to determine the precipitating factors and to access the efficacy of lactulose plus rifaximin in overt hepatic encephalopathy. Patients and Methods: The prospective single-blind randomized controlled trial, 43 cirrhotics with overt hepatic encephalopathy without portal systemic shunting addmitted to gastroenterology department of Cho Ray Hospital from March 2019 to August 2019, were randomized into two groups (group A lactulose plus rifaximin 1.100 mg/day, n = 21; and group B only lactulose; n = 22). All patients were recorded for onset factors, clinical characteristics and assessing the recovery of hepatic encephalopathy. Results: The mean age of patients in this study was 54.8 ± 12.1 years (the ratio of male to female patients is 4.38 : 1). The leading cause of cirrhosis was alcohol (39.5%). The most common clinical symptoms were jaundice (83.7%), spider naevi (41.9%) and ascites (37.2%). The most common triggers were infection (51.2%), gastrointestinal bleeding (37.2%) and constipation (25.6%). The percentage of patients with complete improvement after treatment with lactulose plus rifaximin was 81% compared to 63.6% in the lactulose-treated patients only (95% CI: 0.539 - 1.147, p value = 0.206). Conclusion: Our data revealed that common triggers of hepatic encephalopathy were infections, gastrointestinal bleeding and constipation. The combination of lactulose plus rifaximin was more effective than rifaximin alone in the treatment of overt hepatic encephalopathy. Key words: hepatic encephalopathy, precipitating factor, lactulose, rifaximin

scholarly journals Accidental childhood poisoning in Paediatrics department of a tertiary care facility: A retrospective review

2020 ◽  
Vol 47 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
D.C. Obu ◽  
M.C. Orji ◽  
U.V. Muoneke ◽  
U.V. Asiegbu ◽  
G.O. Ezegbe
Keyword(s):  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Care Facility ◽  
Accidental Poisoning ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
The Public ◽  
Tertiary Care Facility ◽  
Childhood Poisoning ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Male To Female

Background: Accidental childhood poisoning is a recognized preventable cause of morbidity and mortality among children worldwide. This studywas aimed at determining the prevalence, pattern, and outcome of childhood poisoning among children in Abakaliki, Ebonyi State. Material and Methods: Medical records of all cases of accidental childhood poisoning admitted into Children’s emergency room (CHER) of the health facility of study between January 2014 and December 2018 were retrospectively identified and relevant data extracted and analyzed usingSPSS version 22. Results: Out of the 7,700 children that presented to CHER over a 5- year period, 42 were cases of poisoning, giving prevalence rate of 0.5%. Of the 42 cases, only 20 case notes were retrieved. The male to female ratio was 2.3:1 while the ages ranged between 6months and 14 years with the mean age of 3.06±2.88. Kerosene poisoning had the highest proportion of 50.0% (10/20) with the overall mortality rate of 5.0% (1/20).The relationship between age, place of residence and outcome in poisoned children was statistically significant (p = 0.038, 0.045 respectively). Conclusion: Accidental childhood poisoning is common in Abakaliki. Kerosene still remained the major agent while male toddlers were most  vulnerable. There is need to intensify enlightenment campaigns and education of the public about the hazard of improper storage of kerosene and other implicated substances at home. Keywords: Accidental poisoning, Childhood, Kerosene

scholarly journals Effects of the COVID-19 Pandemic on the Epidemiology of Knee and Shoulder Arthroscopy

2021 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 004695802110560
Author(s):  
Krystian Kazubski ◽  
Łukasz Tomczyk ◽  
Piotr Morasiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Shoulder Arthroscopy ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Epidemiological Data ◽  
University Hospital ◽  
Female Ratio ◽  
Duration Of Hospital Stay ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Orthopedic Patients ◽  
Male To Female

The purpose of our study was to comprehensively assess the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on knee and shoulder arthroscopy performed in an orthopedic department of a university hospital in Poland. This study compared the data on all shoulder and knee arthroscopy procedures performed in two different periods: The period of the COVID-19 pandemic in Poland (from March 4, 2020, to October 15, 2020) and the corresponding period prior to the pandemic (March 4, 2019, to October 15, 2019). The study evaluated epidemiological data, demographic data, and hospital stay duration. The total number of arthroscopy procedures conducted in the evaluated period in 2020 was approximately 8.6% higher than that in the corresponding 2019 period. The mean duration of hospital stay for orthopedic patients after their knee or shoulder arthroscopy was 3.1 days in 2020 and 2.8 days in 2019. Our study revealed the mean age of arthroscopy patients during the pandemic to be lower at 48.4 years than the 51.2 years recorded in 2019. The male-to-female ratio was shown to be lower at .85 during the pandemic, having decreased from 1.5 in 2019. The COVID-19 pandemic did not reduce the number of arthroscopy performed at our center, and the mean age of the patients did not change. However, the pandemic had a marked effect on the mean duration of hospital stay and male-to-female ratio.

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