scholarly journals Gloves Perforations in Minor Oral Surgical Procedures: A Comparison of Latex and Nitrile Gloves

2021 ◽  
Vol 30 (02) ◽  
pp. 103-106
Author(s):  
Ajeet Kumar ◽  
◽  
Naveed Iqbal ◽  
Javaria Farooq ◽  
Saad Uddin Siddiqui
Keyword(s):  
Local Anesthesia ◽  
Surgical Procedures ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Dominant Hand ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Oral Surgical Procedures ◽  
Latex Gloves ◽  
Chi Square Test

OBJECTIVE: This study was performed to compare incidence of perforations in Latex and Nitrile examination gloves during Minor Oral surgical procedures performed under local anesthesia. METHODOLOGY: 100 pairs of latex and 100 pairs of Nitrile examination gloves where used to perform 200 minor oral surgical procedures under local anesthesia. After completion of every minor oral surgical procedure each gloves was examined by Water Inflation method to observe presence or absence of Perforations. A data sheet was used to collect data including type of Gloves used (Latex or Nitrile) presence of perforations, sites of perforations and nature of minor oral surgical procedures. Data was entered and analyzed using SPSS version 20. Descriptive analysis was conducted to calculate frequency and percentages of Number and sites of perforations for both Nitrile and latex examination gloves. Chi Square test was used to find out statistical significance of difference of perforations rate between Nitrile and Latex gloves. P value of < 0.05 was considered significant. RESULTS: Out of 200 latex gloves 23 (11.5) had 29 perforations whereas out of total 200 Nitrile gloves 28 (14%) had 22 perforations. Nitrile gloves had a statistically significant higher rate of perforations as compared to Latex gloves. (P value 0.043). For both Nitrile and Latex gloves left non dominant hand had highest frequency of perforations Latex 18 (81.81%) perforations and Nitrile 18(62.06%). Index finger and thumb were most frequent sites of perforations in both Latex and Nitrile gloves. CONCLUSION: Gloves perforations were more common in Nitrile examination gloves however total number of perforations was more in Latex examination gloves.

scholarly journals ULTRASOUND PREDICTABILITY OF LOWER UTERINE SEGMENT CESAREAN SECTION SCAR THICKNESS

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-11
Author(s):  
Madhu Kumari ◽  
Kumari Bibha ◽  
Abha Sinha ◽  
Debarshi Jana
Keyword(s):  
Cesarean Section ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Uterine Scar ◽  
Age Range ◽  
The Given

Objective: The objective of this study is to find out association between scar thickness, assessed sonographically, and intraoperative findings (IOF). Study Design: Descriptive study. Place and Duration of Study: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sri Krishna Medical College and Hospital, Muzaffarpur, Bihar from June 2019 to May 2020. Methodology: A total of 70 pregnant patients were included in this study. Transabdominal ultrasound was done for scarred uteri. Sonographic findings were co-related with introperative findings. All the given data were entered on SPSS version 23. Age was expressed as mean ± SD. Parity, gestational age, and interval between cesarean sections were expressed as frequencies with percentages. Statistical analysis was done by using Chi-square test for categorical data for association between sonographic scar thickness and intraoperative findings. The statistical significance was set at p-value <0.05. Results: The age range of the patients was 20- 36 years with a mean of 27.91 ±3.690 years. Gestational age at the time of cesarean section was between 27-40 weeks of gestation with a mean of 37 ±2.126 weeks. The interval from previous cesarean was 10 months at the minimum, and 6 years at the maximum with a mean of 2.29 ±1.0 months. Mean scar thickness was 2.5 mm. Association between scar thickness (<1-3 mm) and intaoperative findings of dehiscence and rupture showed a p-value of <0.001. Conclusion: Sonographic assessment of a uterine scar has a practical application to determine the thickness of previous scar, and assess its integrity.

scholarly journals Incidences of Root Microcracks Caused by Hand and Rotary File System at Different Lengths

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (9) ◽  
pp. 283-289
Author(s):  
Shuchi Sukul ◽  
Goldy Rathee ◽  
Parimal Anand ◽  
Sakshi Kataria ◽  
Pratibha Taneja
Keyword(s):  
File System ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
File Systems ◽  
In Vitro Study ◽  
Root Surface ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Group B

OBJECTIVES: The present research was conducted to assess incidences of root microcracks caused by hand and rotary file system at different lengths MATERIAL AND METHODS: This in-vitro study was undertaken to assess incidence of root microcracks caused by hand and rotary file system at different lengths In total, 100 the mandibular premolar with straight roots determined with intact, fully formed apices were taken. Samples were randomly distributed into 5 groups based on the file system used: a) Group A: Control, b) Group B: Reciproc, c) Group C: WaveOne, d) Group D: One Shape and e) Group E: ProTaper. Pearson Chi-square test was used to determine the differences between groups. The dentinal defects were expressed as percentage of samples with microcracks in each group. Level of statistical significance was set at p-value less than 0.05. RESULTS: The chi square test was used to compare the Distribution of the number of teeth in which cracks were observed on the horizontal sections. It was found to be significant with group ProTaper showing maximum cracks at 3,6,9 mm level as compared to other file systemCONCLUSION: Nickel-titanium instruments causes cracks on the apical root surface or in the root canal wall. ProTaper causes maximum dentinal cracks as compared to other file systems

scholarly journals Neonatal and Maternal Outcomes in Spontaneously-Conceived Twin Pregnancies According to Mode of Delivery

Folia Medica ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 62 (3) ◽  
pp. 468-476
Author(s):  
Samantha Mc Kenzie Stancu ◽  
Manuela Cristina Russu
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Statistical Correlation ◽  
P Value ◽  
Maternal Outcomes ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Nicu Admission ◽  
Twin Pregnancies

Introduction: Appropriate intrapartum conduct in a twin delivery remains a challenging aspect of obstetric practice. The objective of this study was to compare neonatal and maternal outcomes in twin pregnancies according to mode of delivery.&nbsp; Materials and methods: This is a single centre retrospective cohort study of all consecutive spontaneously-conceived twin deliver-ies (&ge; 24 weeks, estimated fetal weight &ge; 500 grams) over a nine-year period between 01/01/2007 - 31/12/2016 at a tertiary-level centre. Neonatal outcomes included survival, APGAR score, prematurity-associated pathology (PAP), admission to the neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and length of stay (LOS). Maternal outcomes included postpartum complications and LOS. Statistical analysis comprised Chi-square test with subsequent p-value and odds-ratio with 95% confidence interval. Statistical significance was set at p<0.05. Results: A total of 173 consecutive women with spontaneously-conceived twin deliveries were enrolled in this study, 129 (74.6%) women delivered by caesarean section (CS). The success rate of vaginal delivery (VD) was 93.6% (44/47). A strong statistical correlation was identified between CS and NICU admission; 53.2% vs. 1.5% (p=0.0001). Neonatal LOS in the NICU was significantly longer in the CS group. Prematurity-associated pathology (PAP) was noted in 75 pairs of twins (75/173); 61 pairs were delivered by CS, bearing strong statistical significance (p<0.0001). Postpartum complications occurred in 14.7% of CS compared to 13.6% of VDs.&nbsp; Conclusion: Neonates delivered by CS had a higher rate of PAP, NICU admission, lower birth weight and longer LOS. This study showed that VD is safe, especially when the first twin is in cephalic presentation

scholarly journals Foetomaternal outcome in multifoetal pregnancy in a tertiary rural teaching hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
Sneha Gond ◽  
Partha Pratim Sharma ◽  
Narra Madhuri ◽  
Kasturi Barman
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
P Value ◽  
Statistical Association ◽  
Maternal Complications ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Nicu Admission ◽  
Rural Teaching

Background: Aim of the study was to find out foeto-maternal outcome of multifoetal pregnancy in relation to chorionicity and to analyse the associated risk factors.Methods: This study was a prospective observational study on multifoetal pregnancy conducted at Midnapore medical college and hospital. Statistical analysis was done by chi-square test and statistical significance was set at p-value<0.05.Results: Incidence of multifoetal pregnancy was 1.7%. Modal age group was 20-24 years age and 82% conceived spontaneously. Among chorionicity, Dichorionic diamniotic (DCDA) were 60% followed by 34% Monochorionic diamniotic (MCDA), 4% Monochorionic monoamniotic (MCMA) and 2% Trichorionic triamniotic (TCTA). Among maternal complications preterm labour were present in both twins and triplets followed by anemia. LSCS was required in 60.8 % of twins and common indication was malpresentation. Majority of MC and TC were delivered at gestational age of 31-33 weeks (47.1% MCDA, 50% MCMA and 60% TCTA) and dichorionic delivered at 34-36 week (48.7%). Statistical association between neonatal outcomes and chorionicity were significant in IUGR (p=<0.0001), stillbirth (p=0.0356), congenital anomalies (p=0.0017), discordant growth (p<0.0001), Apgar score <7 (p<0.0001), low birth weight (p=0.014), live birth (p≤0.0001) and NICU admission (p<0.0001).Conclusions: Maternal and perinatal outcome was significant in monochorionic and trichorionic pregnancies compared to dichorionic pregnancies with increased NICU admissions required in monochorionic and trichorionic gestations.

scholarly journals Small dose of ephedrine for prevention of hypotension following propofol and fentanyl administration during induction of general anesthesia

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gamal Ejaimi ◽  
Abla Saab ◽  
Sittelnissa Ahmed ◽  
Areeg Ahmed ◽  
Hussain Abujamilah ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
General Anesthesia ◽  
Small Dose ◽  
Elective Surgery ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Control Group ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Arterial Blood ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Study Participants

Induction of general anesthesia with propofol and fentanyl could result in hypotension and bradycardia. Various methods are being used to prevent these adverse effects. The aim of our study was to assess the efficacy and safety of a small dose of ephedrine in prevention of hypotension following administration of propofol and fentanyl. This prospective, randomized, comparative study was conducted among a total of 50 patients, both genders, age 18 years up to 60 years with ASA grade Ι and ΙΙ and some of class ΙΙΙ, presented for elective surgery under general anesthesia. Patients were randomly allocated into one of two groups (25 patients in each): CG (the control group), which received propofol in a dose of 2 mg/kg, intravenously, over 20–30 s mixed with 2 mL normal saline: and EphG (Ephedrine group), while received propofol in a dose of 2 mg/kg, intravenously, over 20–30 s mixed with 2 mL of ephedrine (10 mg). The Mean Arterial Blood Pressure (MAP) and Heart Rate (HR) were recorded before induction and then every 1 min up to 6 min after induction. The categorical data are presented as a number and percentage and were subjected to Fisher’s exact or Chi-square test for analysis. The statistical significance was p≤0.05. The significant differences in HR were observed in the 3rd,4th, and 5th minutes with P-value, 0.018, 0.000, 0.000, respectively. However, no patient in the study participants had bradycardia. The significant differences in MAP were observed in the 2nd, 3rd,4th, and 5th minutes with P-value, 0.035, 0.000, 0.000, and 0.000, respectively. The percentage of patient in CG who developed hypotension in the 3rd and 4th is 44% and 32% compared to 8% and 0% in EphG, with significant differences (P-value 0.004 and 0.002, respectively). Administration of small dose of ephedrine with propofol could attenuate propofol/fentanyl hypotensive and bradycardic effects.

scholarly journals Perbedaan Fungsi Kognitif Mahasiswa Fakultas Kedokteran Unissula dengan IPK Kurang dari 3 dan IPK Lebih sama dengan 3 Yudisium Tahun 2018

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 293
Author(s):  
Ahmadi NH ◽  
Elly Noerhidajati ◽  
Siti Maesaroh
Keyword(s):  
Mini Mental State Examination ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
P Value ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
The One ◽  
State Examination

Cognitive function varies in each human being, from simple to complex, requiring attention, concentration, and coordination. Cognitive is related to a person's ability to think, solve problems, organize and also to communicate and interact with others and the environment. Methods: cross-sectional research, samples involve the students of medical faculty of Unissula-Semarang with GPA less than 3 and more than 3 graduated in 2018, instrument Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE). Descriptive analysis and Chi-square test. Results and Discussion: samples are 56 students, the highest gender is men (51%), the range of age 18-21 years old (53.6%), the number of GPA is the same as the one below and above 3 there are 28 (50%). Test Chi Square gender difference with P value of 0.422 GPA gender does not have significant difference to the GPA, based on the age of the results of T-test p-value 0.000, showed age had significant difference to the GPA, where the age is getting younger GPA is getting better, based on the scores of MMSE test, it was obtained p 1.000, MMSE score has no significant difference with the GPA. Conclusion: Gender and MMSE value have no difference with GPA, there is difference between age and GPA, the younger the students the better GPA the students achieve.

scholarly journals Community Pharmacists’ Opinions towards Poor Prescription Writing in Jazan, Saudi Arabia

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (8) ◽  
pp. 1077
Author(s):  
Saad Saeed Alqahtani
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Descriptive Analysis ◽  
Community Pharmacists ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significance Level ◽  
Health Authorities ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Prescription Writing

Avoidance of medication errors is imperative for the safe use of medications, and community pharmacists are uniquely placed to identify and resolve the errors that may arise due to poorly handwritten prescriptions. Purpose: To explore the opinion and attitudes of community pharmacists towards poor prescription writing and their suggestions to overcome this concern. Methods: A cross-sectional, self-administered survey was conducted among the community pharmacists in the Jazan region, Saudi Arabia. Descriptive analysis and chi-square test were used at 5% p-value (p > 0.05) as the significance level. Results: The response rate for the survey was 78.66%, and 140 community pharmacists agreed to participate. Among the study subjects, the majority (73.57%) had a bachelor’s degree. Nearly three-fourths (3/4) of the pharmacists (72.29%) chose to send the patient back to the prescriber when they found difficulty in interpreting the information from an illegible prescription. As many as 80.71% of the pharmacists believed that poorly handwritten prescriptions were the cause of actual errors when dispensing medications. The most commonly encountered problem due to poorly handwritten prescriptions was the commercial name of medicine, which was reported by around two-thirds (67.86%) of the pharmacists. The use of e-prescription was suggested by 72.86% of the pharmacists as a probable solution to encounter this problem. Conclusion: Our findings highlight the belief and attitudes of community pharmacists in the region and their opinions to solve this impending problem of poor prescription writing. Continuous professional development courses can be adopted to tackle the problem. Additionally, health authorities can work on incorporating and facilitating the use of e-prescription in the community sector, which can be a boon to physicians, pharmacists, and patients. Proper and extensive training is however needed before the implementation of e-prescribing.

scholarly journals The Level of Awareness and Utilization of Computer Shields among Computer users in a Nigerian Community

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 49-52
Author(s):  
Chidi Oliver Ihemedu ◽  
Charles Oluwole Omolase
Keyword(s):  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Computer Users ◽  
Hard Copy ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Ocular Symptoms ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
History Of ◽  
On Line

Objective: This study was designed to determine the level of awareness and extent of use of computer shields among computer users in Owo, in South-West Nigeria. Material & Methods: The subjects were selected by a simple random sampling method. Data collection was through a combination of e-mail based on-line questionnaire using the survey monkey website, and the self administered semi structured hard copy questionnaire. The information obtained from the respondents with the questionnaire included their bio-data, extent of computer use, history of ocular symptoms, awareness and utilization of computer shields. The data obtained with the study instrument was collated and analyzed using the SPSS 15.0.1 statistical software, cross tabulation of attendants results were done with chi-square test and statistical significance was set at p ≤ 0.05. Results: 108 of 124 selected subjects filled their questionnaire to acceptable level. There were a large number of respondents who were aware of the various types of computer shields (70.5%) (p-value 0.002). However, the utilization level was not commensurate as only 39.8% (N= 43) utilized any of these shields, 49.1% (N= 53) were none users while 11.1% (N= 12) did not respond (p-value 0.062). Conclusion: Majority of the respondents were aware of computer shield. However, less than half of the respondents utilized computer shields. There is need to encourage all computer users on the use of computer shields to ensure better computer working time. Key Words: Awareness; Computer shields; Nigeria DOI: 10.3126/ajms.v1i2.2826Asian Journal of Medical Sciences 1 (2010) 49-52

scholarly journals Investigating Knowledge, Attitude and Health Care Waste Management by Health Workers in a Nigerian Tertiary Health Institution

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 222
Author(s):  
E. Ezeoke Uchechukwu ◽  
I. Omotowo Babatunde ◽  
C. Ndu Anne
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Waste Management ◽  
Health Workers ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Hospital Waste ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Latex Gloves ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Health Care Waste

INTRODUCTION: Inadequate knowledge and practice of health care waste management by health workers may have serious health consequences and a significant impact on the environment.OBJECTIVE: The purpose of the study was to ascertain the knowledge, attitude and practice of hospital waste management among health workers in Enugu.METHODS: A cross sectional descriptive survey was carried out among 115 health workers at the University of Nigeria Teaching Hospital Enugu. Data were collected using self-administered questionnaire, and was analysed using SPSS version 21. Statistical significance of association between variables was assessed using Chi-square test at p<0.05. Ethical clearance was obtained from the Research Ethics Committee of UNTHRESULTS: All 115 respondents returned the completed questionnaires. Sixty (52.2%) were females and fifty five (47.8%) were males. The mean age of respondents was 31.7 ±11.8 years. Ninety three (80.9%) had heard of hospital waste management, 95 (83%) were aware that hospital waste is classified into hazardous and non-hazardous waste. Ninety nine (86.1%) were aware of waste segregation, only 25(21.7%) dispose medical waste in specified color coded container always. Majority 90 (78.3%) use latex gloves when handling waste.CONCLUSION: Most of the respondents knew what health care waste management means (HCWM), but very few practiced appropriate health care waste management. Health education and training is recommended for the health care workers periodically and regularly.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Renal Tumour by Ultrasound and CT Scan- A comparative analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 55-57
Author(s):  
NP Biswas ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
MZ Hossain ◽  
MH Uddin ◽  
MA Kashem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ct Scan ◽  
Statistical Significance ◽  
Computer Software ◽  
Renal Tumour ◽  
P Value ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Chi Square Test ◽  
Level Of Significance

Purposes: To compare the efficacy of ultrasound and CT scan in renal tumour evaluation and to establish by subsequent histopathology. Introduction : Renal cell carcinoma accounts for about 3 % of all adult neoplasms. In detecting, characterizing and staging of renal tumours cross-sectional imagings are essential. Methods: In this study 36 cases were selected nonrandomly irrespective of age and sex according to selection criteria. The study was conducted from June 2006 to May 2007 in Banga Bandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University and other Hospitals in Dhaka City in the department of urology on a quasi- experimental basis. After counselling and taking consent all patients were evaluated clinically and by ultrasound and CT scan. All patients underwent surgery followed by histopathology. All informations were collected in a predesigned data collection sheet. Data were analyzed by computer software program-SPSS version 12 and by manual technique. Comparison and correlation between Ultrasonogram and CT findings were done by Chi-square test. Level of significance was expressed as P-value. Results: Among 36 patients 21 were male and 15 female with a ratio of 1.4:1, age ranging from 3 to 73 years. In this study (from the data) 94.44%, 33.33%, 89.74% and 100%, 66.66% 97.43% respectively. And there was no statistical significance between these two imaging findings in renal tumour evaluation and P- Value was > 0.10 so it was not Significant. Conclusion : Ultrasonogram and CT Scan are near equivalent to each other evaluation of renal tumour. Bangladesh Journal of Urology, Vol. 14, No. 2, July 2011 p.55-57

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