scholarly journals Maximum Voluntary Bite Force Generated by Individuals with Healthy Dentition and Normal Occlusion

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (04) ◽  
pp. 199-204
Author(s):  
Muhammad Sohaib Nawaz ◽  
◽  
Nazia Yazdanie ◽  
Shafqat Hussain ◽  
Muhammad Moazzam ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Bite Force ◽  
Group I ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Dent Assoc ◽  
Occlusal Bite Force

OBJECTIVE: Masticatory muscles work coordinately along with bones and teeth in these jaws to generate occlusal bite force. The amount of force varies from person to person. This study was performed to measure the amount of bite force to associated with demographics like age and gender so that we may compare it with prosthodontically rehabilitated dentition which may help us in the treatment plan. METHODOLOGY: Bite force was recorded with an Occlusal Bite force meter (GM-10 Nagano Keiki Japan). A sample of 204 Pakistani individuals who are aged between 13 to 40 years and divided into three age groups: I (13-20years), II (21-30 years), III (31-40 years) is recorded. A mean of three left sided and a mean of three right sided maximum voluntary bite forces were calculated and a final mean of the two were taken to find out the Mean Maximum Voluntary Bite force. RESULTS: Mean Maximum Voluntary Bite Force was calculated as 533.42 N ± 185.44 N, whereas Males have Mean MVBF 635.23 N ± 179.86 N and Females have Mean MVBF 431.61 N ± 125.82 N. Mean Maximum Voluntary Bite force with respect to age; group I is 476.11 N ± 181.27 N, group II is 550.93 N ± 191.83 N. MVBF of group 3 is 573.21 N ± 171.18 N. CONCLUSION: Mean MVBF with standard deviation was calculated as 533.42 N ± 185.44 N, with males having bite force significantly higher than the females. In all the groups, gender was significantly associated with MVBF. The bite force is also positively correlated with age. KEYWORDS: Bite force, Human Bite force, bite force gauge, maximum bite force HOW TO CITE: Nawaz MS, Yazdanie N, Hussain S, Moazzam M, Haseeb M, Hassan M. Maximum voluntary bite force generated by individuals with healthy dentition and normal occlusion. J Pak Dent Assoc 2020;29(4):199-204.

scholarly journals Prevalence and gender differences of buccally displaced canines of 12 years school children and 18-23 years adults in Shah-Alam, Malaysia

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 39-42
Author(s):  
Majda T. Elfseyie ◽  
◽  
Nagham M.A. Al-Jaf ◽  
Mohamed I. Abu Hassan ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gender Differences ◽  
School Children ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Clinical Situation ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
And Gender

Background: The buccally displaced canines (BDC) are more commonly encountered conditions in orthodontic clinics. It is a positional variation result of several factors such as retained deciduous canines, crowding, and lateral incisors anomalous. Aims: To determine the prevalence and gender differences of one-two-three-four buccally displaced canines in the area of Shah-Alam, Malaysia. Methods: A cross-sectional study of 399 subjects; was consist of two age groups; 208 subjects of school children aged 12 years and 191 subjects of adults aged 18-23 years were examined clinically to determine the prevalence of BDC. Statistical analysis: The data were statistically analyzed using SPSS version 16; a Chi-square test was performed to assess the gender differences. Results: No gender differences were found in the school-children group while in the adults group a significant gender difference was found regarding one and four canine displacements (P < 0.05). The prevalence of one-two-three canine displacement was higher significantly between the two groups (P < 0.05). However, the frequency of one canine displacement was higher significantly in adult females and girls (P < 0.05). The frequency of three canines displacement was approximately equal in both genders. Conclusion: The frequency of one canine displacement was higher significantly in females. However, the frequency of four canines displacement was higher significantly in males. These features may help in providing additional clinical signs in diagnosis and interception of such clinical situation. It will be effective in treatment plan procedure if canine displacement is detected early, help clinicians on the prevention of impaction possibility.

Comparação da posição do incisivo inferior na sínfise em jovens brasileiros leucodermas, xantodermas e nipobrasileiros com oclusão normal

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (52) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
Jose Guerra ◽  
Maria P. Seminario ◽  
Julio Vigorito ◽  
Marcos Roberto de Freitas ◽  
Guilherme Janson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sexual Dimorphism ◽  
Female Group ◽  
Mandibular Incisor ◽  
Lower Incisor ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Tukey Test ◽  
Group I ◽  
Normal Occlusion ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Facial Differences

Objective: To compare the linear and angular measurements using as a parameter the Vigorito analysis in Leucoderm, Xanthoderm, and Japanese-Brazilian people to obtain the average normal values, to compare the values obtained and the differences between groups and sex dimorphism. Material and Methods: The retrospective sample included 103 lateral films of young Brazilian people with normal occlusion. It was divided into three groups: Group I with 38 Leucoderm subjects, Group II with 33 Xanthoderm subjects, and Group III with 32 Japanese-Brazilian subjects. Lateral films were scanned using Scan Maker i800 scanner, and CephX 4.5.4. was used to measure the cephalometric variables specific to the analysis, and they were statistically compared. Age compatibility was analyzed using ANOVA test followed by Tukey test. Sexual dimorphism was evaluated with independent t test, and the intergroup comparisons were performed with ANCOVA followed by Tukey test. Results: Leucoderm and Japanese-Brazilian female group presented statistically significant differences for sexual dimorphism, showing a higher facial convexity and lower mandibular incisor less protruded. Besides that, Japanese-Brazilian subjects presented a significantly lower maxillary protrusion when compared to Xanthoderm and Leucoderm subjects. The latter group also had lower incisor protrusion when compared to Japanese-Brazilian and Xanthoderm, respectively. Conclusions: Leucoderm, Xanthoderm, and Japanese-Brazilian subjects with normal occlusion presented dentoskeletal, dental and facial differences, and gender differences related to the mandibular symphysis. Thus, the individualization of cephalometric patterns in different groups is justified.

scholarly journals Functional Evaluation of the Behavior of Masticatory Muscles in Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fracture: A Prospective Study

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (6) ◽  
pp. 463-469
Author(s):  
Srimathi Panchanathan ◽  
Maya Saranathan ◽  
Arun Kumar Kamalakaran ◽  
Karthikeyan Duraisamy
Keyword(s):  
Prospective Study ◽  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Bite Force ◽  
Functional Evaluation ◽  
Complex Fracture ◽  
Group I ◽  
Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fracture ◽  
A Prospective Study ◽  
Mandibular Movements ◽  
Zygomaticomaxillary Complex

ABSTRACT Aims The purpose of this study is to functionally evaluate the behavior of the masticatory muscles (masseter and temporalis) following zygomaticomaxillary complex (ZMC) fractures by assessing bite force, electromyography (EMG), and mandibular movements. Materials and methods Group I consisted of 20 patients with unilateral ZMC fractures who were treated surgically with one-, two-, or three-point fixations at the frontozygomatic, infraorbital, or zygomaticomaxillary buttress region as per clinical and radiological assessments. Group II control group included 20 normal patients. The muscle activity was functionally evaluated before and after the surgery for a period of 6 months. The evaluation consisted of bite force measurement, EMG analysis of masseter and temporalis muscles, and measurements of mandibular movements. Results There was an increase in bite force and EMG activity throughout the evaluated postoperative period, but at the end of 6 months, the values were still below the control levels for majority of the patients. Maximum mouth opening increased considerably after the surgery. Conclusion According to bite force and EMG, the masticatory musculature returned to near normal levels by the 3rd month after the surgery. Clinical significance Management of fractures of the zygoma by open reduction and fixation raises the question of the location of fixation points owing to the action of masseter and temporalis on the ZMC. This study supports the current clinical concept of minimized fixation in treating ZMC fractures. How to cite this article Panchanathan S, Saranathan M, Kamalakaran AK, Duraisamy K. Functional Evaluation of the Behavior of Masticatory Muscles in Zygomaticomaxillary Complex Fracture: A Prospective Study. J Contemp Dent Pract 2016;17(6):463-469.

Measurement of the Maximum Occlusal Bite Force and its Relation to the Caries Spectrum of First Permanent Molars in Early Permanent Dentition

2020 ◽  
Vol 44 (6) ◽  
pp. 423-428
Author(s):  
Ravi Kumar Gudipaneni ◽  
Mohammad Khursheed Alam ◽  
Santosh R Patil ◽  
Mohmed Isaqali Karobari
Keyword(s):  
Bite Force ◽  
Permanent Dentition ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Intergroup Comparison ◽  
Permanent Molars ◽  
Group 3 ◽  
Group 2 ◽  
First Permanent Molars ◽  
Occlusal Bite Force ◽  
Group 1

Objective: To determine the maximum occlusal bite force (MOBF) of the complete spectrum of dental caries in first permanent molars (FPMs) in children aged 7–9 years. Study design: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 123 children. The evaluation of the caries spectrum of FPMs was carried out using the Caries Assessment Spectrum and Treatment index (CAST). The MOBF was measured in the FPM region using the portable occlusal force gauze. Independent sample t-test and one-way analysis of variance test were performed to compare MOBF with CAST scores of FPMs. Based on the CAST scores, FPMs were categorized into three groups, group 1: healthy (score 0, 1, 2), group 2: premorbid (score 3), group 3: morbid (score 4, 5). Results: A significantly lower MOBF was observed (167.56 N ± 49.77) in the morbid stage (group 3) than in the premorbid stage (group 2: 291.57 N ± 56.64), and healthy (group 1; 320.93 N ± 54.23). Intergroup comparison also revealed that FPMs in the healthy stage was associated with a higher bite force compared to those in the premorbid and morbid stages (p&lt;0.001). Conclusions: The mean MOBF decreased with the progression of the caries spectrum of FPMs in early permanent dentition.

scholarly journals A Comparison of Objective and Subjective Measures of Respiration in Healthy Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (10) ◽  
pp. 60-66
Author(s):  
Pranali Chavan ◽  
Jyoti Mohite
Keyword(s):  
Lung Function ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Positive Correlation ◽  
Maximum Phonation Time ◽  
Group I ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Effect Of Age

Objective: The purpose of this study was to investigate the gender and age effect on lung function measures and maximum phonation time in the age range of 20-60 years. The present study also aimed to evaluate correlation between FEV1 and maximum phonation time. Study Design: Cross- sectional study, Convenience sampling method Method: The lung function measures (FVC, FEV1, & FEV1/FVC) and maximum phonation time were obtained from 200 healthy participants in the age range of 20-60 years. These participants were divided into two groups (Group I - 20- 40 years & Group II - 41- 60 years) with equal number of males and females in each group. The lung function measures were obtained using Easy on PC spirometer. Three consecutive trials were collected for MPT using stopwatch. Mann- Whitney U test was used to determine effect of age and gender on lung function measures and MPD. Spearman's Rank Correlations were performed to identify is there any significant relationships between the FEV1 and MPT of /a/, /i/, /u/, /s/, and /z/. Results: There were significant effect of gender on FVC, FEV1, & MPT except on FEV1/FVC. There was significant effect of age in both genders on FVC, FEV1, & FEV1/FVC. There was no significant effect of age in both genders on MPT /i/, /u/, /s/, and /z/ except MPT /a/ for males. FEV1 showed significant positive correlation with MPD (/a/, /i/, /u/, /s/, and /z/). Conclusions: The mean FVC and FEV1 were lower in females and higher in males in both the age groups. Maximum phonation time of /a/, /i/, /u/, /s/, and /z/ was longer in males as compared to female. Age has inverse effect on lung function measure and MPT. FEV1 showed positive correlation with MPT, which indicates that FEV1 increases with increase in MPT. Key words: Maximum Phonation Time, Lung Function Measures.

scholarly journals Age and gender influence on maximal bite force and masticatory muscles thickness

2010 ◽  
Vol 55 (10) ◽  
pp. 797-802 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Palinkas ◽  
Mariangela Salles Pereira Nassar ◽  
Flávia Argentato Cecílio ◽  
Selma Siéssere ◽  
Marisa Semprini ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Masticatory Muscles ◽  
Bite Force ◽  
Age And Gender ◽  
Gender Influence ◽  
And Gender

scholarly journals Tooth Mortality: An Analysis of Reasons underlying the Extraction of Permanent Teeth

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
Varsha Sunil Manekar ◽  
Prajwalit Kende ◽  
Seema Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Periodontal Disease ◽  
Treatment Plan ◽  
Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Permanent Teeth ◽  
Oral And Maxillofacial Surgery ◽  
Senior Faculty ◽  
Prospective Survey ◽  
Registration Desk ◽  
And Gender

ABSTRACT The patients loose tooth/teeth for various reasons at different year of age. The most common reason are caries and periodontal disease. There is debate on the main cause out of these two. This may vary depending on other variables like age, food habits, general condition. The other causes of tooth extraction are failure of endodontics, fracture, infection. Some disease free teeth need to be sacrificed for orthodontic or prosthetic treatment plan. There is need of evaluation of reasons for tooth mortality. This will be the indicator of status of oral health awareness among population and success of oral healthcare delivered. In a prospective survey at our department collected data of 1186 subjects undergoing extractions of tooth/teeth. This data were evaluated for age and gender distribution, prevalence of reason for extraction and that of each tooth type in both arches. Aim The aim of survey is to study of prevalence and reasons of extraction of teeth according to age groups. In this prospective survey, the data were collected from the outpatient registration desk of extraction room of department of oral and maxillofacial surgery of Government Dental College and Hospital, Mumbai, India. The assessment of the data was done by a single senior faculty. The data were analyzed for age, gender, reason for extraction and tooth/teeth extracted. Total 1,568 extractions were performed on 1,186 subjects. Conclusion The dental caries and its sequel is the principal reason for extraction of teeth followed by periodontal disease. The first molar of both arches is the tooth extracted most frequently for caries and its sequel in young age group of 15 to 25 years. How to cite this article Manekar VS, Kende P, Kulkarni S. Tooth Mortality: An Analysis of Reasons underlying the Extraction of Permanent Teeth. World J Dent 2015;6(2):93-96.

Personality's Correlates of Adult Development and Aging

2003 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 131-147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gian Vittorio Caprara ◽  
Mariagiovanna Caprara ◽  
Patrizia Steca
Keyword(s):  
Personality Traits ◽  
Adult Development ◽  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Efficacy Beliefs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Education And Health ◽  
Development And Aging ◽  
And Gender

Three cross-sectional studies examined stability and change in personality over the course of life by measuring the relations linking age to personality traits, self-efficacy beliefs, values, and well-being in large samples of Italian male and female participants. In each study, relations between personality and age were examined across several age groups ranging from young adulthood to old age. In each study, personality constructs were first examined in terms of mean group differences accrued by age and gender and then in terms of their correlations with age across gender and age groups. Furthermore, personality-age correlations were also calculated, controlling for the demographic effects accrued by marital status, education, and health. Findings strongly indicated that personality functioning does not necessarily decline in the later years of life, and that decline is more pronounced in males than it is in females across several personality dimensions ranging from personality traits, such as emotional stability, to self-efficacy beliefs, such as efficacy in dealing with negative affect. Findings are discussed in terms of their implications for personality theory and social policy.

Projected future risk of leukemia and brain tumors from unnecessary brain CT scans: a multi-center study in Iran

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Asgari ◽  
A.A. Parach ◽  
F. Bouzarjomehri ◽  
F. Shirani-Takabi ◽  
A.H. Mehrparvar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Brain Cancer ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Young Patients ◽  
Ct Scans ◽  
Brain Ct ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Multi Center Study ◽  
Gender Groups ◽  
Probability Of Cancer

Introduction: Computer Tomography (CT) scans can deliver a relatively high radiation dose to the patient, therefore radiation protection for this modality is paramount. The present study determined the frequency of no abnormality detected (NAD) brain CT scans and probability of cancer induction in different age groups and genders. Methods: In this study, brain CT reports were used to identify any findings as abnormality detected (AD) and others as NAD. Then probability of future leukemia and brain cancer was estimated for different age and gender groups. Results: On average, in 65% of the cases the results were NAD (56% and 76% among males and females, respectively). Among children, 79% of the reports were NAD. The total number of projected brain cancers was 1.8 and 1.3 for males and females, respectively. The number of projected leukemia cases was 0.75 and 0.7 for males and females, respectively. For pediatric patients, brain CT scans can lead to leukemia cases about 4.5 times more often than adults. Conclusion: Brain CT scans can lead to additional cases of brain cancer and leukemia. A significant fraction of brain CTs were NAD (non-pathologic) and could practically be replaced by other radiation-free imaging modalities, especially in pediatric and young patients.

Reliability of the Mangled Extremity Severity Score in the Management of Peripheral Vascular Injuries in Children: A Retrospective Review

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed Mousa ◽  
Ossama M. Zakaria ◽  
Mai A. Elkalla ◽  
Lotfy A. Abdelsattar ◽  
Hamad Al-Game'a
Keyword(s):  
Severity Score ◽  
Vein Graft ◽  
Bypass Surgery ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Vascular Injuries ◽  
Peripheral Vascular ◽  
Group Iii ◽  
Mangled Extremity ◽  
Group I ◽  
End To End

AbstractThis study was aimed to evaluate different management modalities for peripheral vascular trauma in children, with the aid of the Mangled Extremity Severity Score (MESS). A single-center retrospective analysis took place between 2010 and 2017 at University Hospitals, having emergencies and critical care centers. Different types of vascular repair were adopted by skillful vascular experts and highly trained pediatric surgeons. Patients were divided into three different age groups. Group I included those children between 5 and 10 years; group II involved pediatrics between 11 and 15 years; while children between 16 and 21 years participated in group III. We recruited 183 children with peripheral vascular injuries. They were 87% males and 13% females, with the mean age of 14.72 ± 04. Arteriorrhaphy was performed in 32%; end-to-end anastomosis and natural vein graft were adopted in 40.5 and 49%, respectively. On the other hand, 10.5% underwent bypass surgery. The age groups I and II are highly susceptible to penetrating trauma (p = 0.001), while patients with an extreme age (i.e., group III) are more susceptible to blunt injury (p = 0.001). The MESS has a significant correlation to both age groups I and II (p = 0.001). Vein patch angioplasty and end-to-end primary repair should be adopted as the main treatment options for the repair of extremity vascular injuries in children. Moreover, other treatment modalities, such as repair with autologous vein graft/bypass surgery, may be adopted whenever possible. They are cost-effective, reliable, and simple techniques with fewer postoperative complication, especially in poor/limited resources.

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