scholarly journals Prevalence of Echinococcus Granulosus in Different Intermediate Hosts in Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Azad A. Meerkhan ◽  
Wijdan M. S. Mero
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Liver Involvement ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
High Liver

This study was carried out in Duhok provinces, Kurdistan Region/ Iraq from August; 2014 to December 2015.The study focused on the prevalence of CE in slaughtered animals. The total prevalence was 5.25% (11753/223436), with a high rate in sheep (4.25%), and low rates in goats and cattle (0.64% and 0.37%, respectively).  With respect to abattoirs involved in the study, the highest prevalence was detected in Akre abattoir (8.21%) and the lowest in Amedy abattoir (4.09%). Among the infected animals, sheep in Akre abattoir recorded the highest prevalence, while cattle in Duhok abattoir recorded the lowest prevalence (7.57 and 0.1%, respectively). Males of sheep, goats and cattle showed higher prevalence (70.51, 63.62, and 92.06%, respectively). Regarding organ involvements, malesand females of cattle showed high liver involvement (63.13 and 84.62%, respectively), while males and females of sheep (62.21 and 60.31%, respectively) and goats (60.59 and 54.51%, respectively) showed high lungs involvements.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Echinococcus Granulosus in Different Intermediate Hosts in Duhok Province, Kurdistan Region, Iraq

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 8
Author(s):  
Azad A. Meerkhan ◽  
Wijdan M. S. Mero
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
High Rate ◽  
Liver Involvement ◽  
Kurdistan Region ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Total Prevalence ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
High Liver

This study was carried out in Duhok provinces, Kurdistan Region/ Iraq from August; 2014 to December 2015.The study focused on the prevalence of CE in slaughtered animals. The total prevalence was 5.25% (11753/223436), with a high rate in sheep (4.25%), and low rates in goats and cattle (0.64% and 0.37%, respectively).  With respect to abattoirs involved in the study, the highest prevalence was detected in Akre abattoir (8.21%) and the lowest in Amedy abattoir (4.09%). Among the infected animals, sheep in Akre abattoir recorded the highest prevalence, while cattle in Duhok abattoir recorded the lowest prevalence (7.57 and 0.1%, respectively). Males of sheep, goats and cattle showed higher prevalence (70.51, 63.62, and 92.06%, respectively). Regarding organ involvements, malesand females of cattle showed high liver involvement (63.13 and 84.62%, respectively), while males and females of sheep (62.21 and 60.31%, respectively) and goats (60.59 and 54.51%, respectively) showed high lungs involvements.

scholarly journals Occurrence of parasitism by Dioctophyma renale in ring-tailed coatis (Nasua nasua) of the Tiete Ecological Park, São Paulo, Brazil

2009 ◽  
Vol 29 (12) ◽  
pp. 959-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liliane Milanelo ◽  
Márcia Bento Moreira ◽  
Lílian S. Fitorra ◽  
Bruno S.S. Petri ◽  
Melissa Alves ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Population Control ◽  
Abdominal Cavity ◽  
Exploratory Laparotomy ◽  
Renal Tissue ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Wild Mammals ◽  
Rigid Structure ◽  
Nasua Nasua ◽  
Males And Females ◽  
The Right

Dioctophymosis is a worldwide renal parasitosis caused by the Dioctophyma renale nematode, which results in progressive destruction of renal tissue. Aquatics annelids are considered the main intermediate hosts and the literature refers as permanent hosts of dogs, wild mammals and even humans. During procedures for population control of coatis (Nasua nasua) in the Ecological Park of Tietê (PET), was noticed the presence of parasitosis by D. renale. From 68 animals, males and females, young and adults, submitted to exploratory laparotomy, 51 were positive for the presence of worms, 9 were found only in the right kidney. In 10 cases, in addition to right kidney parasitism, worms were also observed in the abdominal cavity. In 24 cases D. renale was found only in the abdominal cavity and in 8 animals the right kidney was reduced to a small rigid structure. The study showed that the preferred site for parasitism of the worm, considered erratic, was the abdominal cavity in 66.66% of the cases.

scholarly journals Cystic Echinococcosis: Clinical, Immunological, and Biomolecular Evaluation of Patients from Sardinia (Italy)

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. 907
Author(s):  
Cinzia Santucciu ◽  
Piero Bonelli ◽  
Angela Peruzzu ◽  
Alessandro Fancellu ◽  
Vincenzo Marras ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Biology ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Cystic Echinococcosis ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Neighbor Joining ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus Sensu Lato

Cystic echinococcosis (CE), a zoonotic disease caused by the larval stage of the tapeworm Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato (s.l.), is a worldwide public health problem. Echinococcus granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.), associated with G1 and G3 genotypes, is endemic with high prevalence in the Mediterranean basin. The parasite’s life cycle comprises definitive hosts (canids) and intermediate hosts (ruminants) and can occasionally involve humans. The main aim of this research was to confirm the diagnosis of 13 patients suspected of CE who presented different complications and needed the surgical removal of the cysts. We also wanted to understand and clarify more the diagnosis of echinococcosis in humans. For this purpose, the patients first underwent cyst evaluation by ultrasound (US), immunological analysis, and then total pericystectomy, followed by parasitological, histopathological, and molecular biology examinations of the cysts. US stadiated one CE1, one CE2, eight CE3b, one CE4, and two CE5; immunology evidenced nine positives; histopathology confirmed 11 CE cysts, of which 8 fertile presenting protoscoleces were identified as E. granulosus s.s. by molecular biology, genotyped as three G1 and four G3 by neighbor-joining (NJ) phylogenetic tree. In conclusion, the results showed that 11 patients were affected by E. granulosus s.s. G1 orG3, and 2 cystic neoformations were of non-parasitic origin.

Echinococcus granulosus: genomic and isoenzymatic study of Spanish strains isolated from different intermediate hosts

1996 ◽  
Vol 63 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 273-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mar Siles-Lucas ◽  
Mario C. Benito ◽  
Carmen Cuesta-Bandera
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Intermediate Hosts

Observations on the suitability and importance of the domestic intermediate hosts of Echinococcus granulosus in Uttah Pradesh, India

1989 ◽  
Vol 63 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-45 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Irshadullah ◽  
W. A. Nizami ◽  
C. N. L. Macpherson
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Intermediate Host ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Frequency Distribution ◽  
Host Species ◽  
Control Measures ◽  
The Other ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Cyst Size

ABSTRACTThe present study investigated the suitability and importance of buffaloes, camels, sheep, goats and pigs in maintaining the life-cycle of Echinococcus granulosus in Aligarh, India. A total of 565 (36%) of 1556 buffaloes, 20 (2%) of 1208 goats, 5 (1%) of 559 pigs, 6 (6%) of 109 sheep and two of three camels were found to harbour hydatid cysts. The frequency distribution of the hydatid cysts in each intermediate host species was over-dispersed and in buffaloes cyst fertility increased with increasing cyst size. Of 2171, 95 and four buffalo, goat, and camel cysts examined 327 (15%), two (2%) and three cysts respectively were fertile. No pig or sheep cysts were found to contain protoscoleces. The unfenced buffalo abattoir and the large number of dogs allowed access to the abattoir coupled to the number of buffaloes slaughtered in comparison to the other potential hosts, indicates that the buffalo is the most significant host for maintaining the life-cycle of the parasite in this area of India. Applicable control measures for the region are suggested.

scholarly journals Molecular Characterization of Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato from Humans in Slovenia

Pathogens ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 562
Author(s):  
Barbara Šoba ◽  
Špela Gašperšič ◽  
Darja Keše ◽  
Tadeja Kotar
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase ◽  
Sensu Stricto ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Western Balkans ◽  
Nadh Dehydrogenase Subunit ◽  
Important Intermediate ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus Sensu Lato

The larval form of tapeworms of the Echinococcus granulosus sensu lato species cluster cause an important zoonotic infection, cystic echinococcosis (CE). Molecular characterization of the cluster’s isolates from different hosts greatly contributes to a better understanding of its transmission dynamics. To date, no genetic information is available on CE in Slovenia. In this work, we characterized isolates from human CE cases. Parasite samples from 18 patients were collected, together with the patients’ demographic and clinical data. Genomic DNA was analyzed by conventional PCR and sequencing at four mitochondrial loci (cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1, cox1; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 1, nad1; NADH dehydrogenase subunit 5, nad5; and small ribosomal RNA, rrnS). Thirteen isolates were successfully amplified and sequenced. Seven (58.8%) patients were infected with E. granulosus sensu stricto (s.s.) G1, five (38.5%) with E. canadensis G7 and one (7.7%) with E. granulosus s.s. G3. Echinococcus canadensis G7, the pig genotype, was identified exclusively in autochthonous Slovenes, while the patients originating from the Western Balkans were all infected with E. granulosus s.s. Our findings suggest that pigs are important intermediate hosts for human CE in Slovenia.

Canine echinococcosis: the predominance of immature eggs in adult tapeworms of Echinococcus granulosus in stray dogs from Tunisia

2016 ◽  
Vol 91 (3) ◽  
pp. 380-383 ◽  
Author(s):  
W. Iraqi
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Hydatid Disease ◽  
Health Problem ◽  
Small Proportion ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Stray Dogs ◽  
Adult Tapeworm

AbstractCanine echinococcosis is caused by the adult tapeworm of Echinococcus granulosus. As intermediate hosts, humans and livestock become infected following ingestion of eggs that are passed in the faeces of dogs. Mature eggs develop into hydatid cysts in different organs, leading to hydatid disease, which is a serious public health problem. In the present study, we investigated the proportion of mature eggs of E. granulosus in 140 dogs from three regions of Tunisia. The results showed the predominance of immature E. granulosus eggs in infected dogs and the occurrence of a small proportion of oncospheres. The ability of immature eggs to infect humans and livestock is discussed.

The prevalence, intensity and viability of hydatid cysts in slaughtered animals in the Ardabil province of Northwest Iran

2007 ◽  
Vol 81 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Daryani ◽  
R. Alaei ◽  
R. Arab ◽  
M. Sharif ◽  
M.H. Dehghan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Hydatid Cysts ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Important Intermediate ◽  
Northwest Iran

AbstractIn a cross-sectional study, a total of 5381 slaughtered animals, namely 928 cattle, 243 buffaloes, 3765 sheep and 445 goats were inspected macroscopically for hydatid cysts in northwest Iran, with prevalence values of 38.3%, 11.9%, 74.4% and 20%, respectively, being recorded. Prevalences were higher in females compared with males, but a significant difference (P < 0.001) was only found in sheep and cattle. Most cases which were condemned were seen in the lungs of sheep (13.4%) indicating that sheep are the most important intermediate hosts for Echinococcus granulosus in this area.

Transmission of taeniid tapeworm eggs via blowflies to intermediate hosts

Parasitology ◽  
1990 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. R. Lawson ◽  
M. A. Gemmell
Keyword(s):  
Echinococcus Granulosus ◽  
Transmission Dynamics ◽  
Intermediate Hosts ◽  
Taenia Hydatigena ◽  
Cooked Meat

SummaryExperiments showed that dead blowflies containing eggs of Taenia hydatigena can transmit infection if ingested by lambs during grazing. Rabbits became infected with T. pisiformis after grazing grass exposed to blowflies that had been in contact with dog faeces containing the eggs of this parasite. When captive blowflies were exposed first to dog faeces containing proglottids of T. hydatigena and then to cooked meat, 100% of pigs fed on this meat became infected. The experiments are intended to model the transmission dynamics that result in human larval tapeworm infections. The implications of the results to the epidemiology of human hydatid diseases caused by Echinococcus granulosus and E. multilocularis as well as of T. solium cysticercosis are discussed.

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