103 Effects of treating sorghum wet distillers grains plus solubles with calcium hydroxide in steam-flaked corn-based finishing diets on dry matter intake and ruminal fermentation characteristics

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_2) ◽  
pp. 48-48
Author(s):  
W. W. Gentry ◽  
C. P. Weiss ◽  
C. M. Meredith ◽  
C. L. Brauer ◽  
F. T. McCollum ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Calcium Hydroxide ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Wet Distillers Grains

scholarly journals PSIV-22 The effects of altering ruminal fermentable carbohydrate supply in finishing diets containing distillers grains on rumen fermentation characteristics and nitrogen utilization

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 220-220
Author(s):  
Cody Ream ◽  
Allison V Stevens ◽  
Gwinyai Chibisa
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Ammonia Concentration ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Carbohydrate Source ◽  
Finishing Cattle ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Ruminal Ph ◽  
Total Urine

Abstract This study examined the effects of altering ruminal fermentable carbohydrate (RFC) supply by feeding different amounts of corn and wheat in finishing cattle diets containing 15% corn dried distillers grains [DDGS; dry matter (DM) basis] on ruminal fermentation characteristics and nitrogen (N) utilization. Six ruminally-cannulated crossbred heifers were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design with 28 d periods. Dietary treatments were either corn (73% of diet DM; CON), 53:20 corn:wheat blend (20W) or 33:40 corn:wheat blend (40W) as the major fermentable carbohydrate source. Diets were isonitrogenous (12% CP; DM basis). Feed intake was measured daily. Indwelling pH logger were used to measure ruminal pH (d 22 to 28) and ruminal fluid was collected from d 26 to 28 to determine fermentation characteristics, as were feces and urine to measure N excretion. Data was analyzed using PROC MIXED in SAS. Dry matter and N intake tended to be lower (P ≤ 0.07) for heifers fed the 40W compared to the CON and 20W diets. There was no diet effect (P = 0.15) on total VFA concentration; however, the duration and area for pH < 5.5 tended to be longer (P = 0.07) and greater (P = 0.096), respectively, for heifers fed the 20W and 40W compared to the CON diet. There was no diet effect (P ≥ 0.44) on ruminal ammonia concentration and total urine N excretion (g and % of N intake). However, urine urea N (UUN) excretion as a percentage of total urine N tended to be lower (P = 0.05) in heifers fed the 20W and 40W compared to the CON diet. In summary, although altering RFC supply by feeding increasing amounts of wheat resulted in a decrease in UUN excretion, it also caused a decrease in ruminal pH that possibly compromised DM intake.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the effects of biochar on diet digestibility and methane production from growing and finishing steers

2019 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 775-783 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas M Winders ◽  
Melissa L Jolly-Breithaupt ◽  
Hannah C Wilson ◽  
James C MacDonald ◽  
Galen E Erickson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Production ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Finishing Steers ◽  
Wet Distillers Grains

Abstract The objectives of these studies were to evaluate the effects of biochar (0%, 0.8%, or 3% of diet dry matter) on diet digestibility and methane and carbon dioxide production from cattle on growing and finishing diets. The growing diet consisted of 21% brome hay, 20% wheat straw, 30% corn silage, 22% wet distillers grains plus solubles, and 7% supplement. The finishing diet consisted of 53% dry-rolled corn, 15% corn silage, 25% wet distillers grains plus solubles, and 7% supplement. In both trials biochar replaced fine ground corn in the supplement. Six crossbred steers (initial body weight [BW] 529 kg; SD = 16 kg) were used in both the growing and finishing trial. The growing diets were evaluated over 6 periods followed by the finishing trial with 3 periods. Digestibility measures were taken over 4 d after at least 8 d of adaptation to diets followed by 2 d of gas emission measurements using headbox calorimeters. Dry matter intake (DMI) was not affected (P ≥ 0.43; 7.91 kg/d) by biochar inclusion in the growing study and increased quadratically (P = 0.07) in the finishing study with 0.8% biochar inclusion having the greatest DMI (12.9 kg/d). Organic matter (OM) and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) digestibility increased quadratically (P = 0.10) in the growing study whereas OM digestibility tended to linearly decrease (P = 0.13) and NDF digestibility was not affected (P ≥ 0.39) by biochar inclusion in the finishing diet. Digestible energy intake (Mcal/d) was not affected (P ≥ 0.25) by biochar inclusion in the growing or finishing study. Methane production (g/d) tended to decrease quadratically (P = 0.14) in the growing study and was decreased 10.7% for the 0.8% biochar treatment relative to the control. There were no statistical differences in methane production (g/d) in the finishing study (P ≥ 0.32) but cattle on the 0.8% biochar treatment produced numerically less (9.6%) methane than the control. Methane production as g/kg DMI of the 0.8% biochar treatment relative to the control was numerically reduced 9.5% and 18.4% in the growing and finishing studies, respectively (P ≥ 0.13). Carbon dioxide production (g/d and g/kg of intake) quadratically decreased (P ≤ 0.06) in the growing study but was not affected by treatment in the finishing study (P ≥ 0.34). Although biochar is not a U.S. Food and Drug Administration -approved feed for cattle, the initial research shows potential as a methane mitigation strategy in both growing and finishing diets.

Ensiled Distillers or Brewers Grains as the Sole Diet for Beef Cattle

1989 ◽  
Vol 1989 ◽  
pp. 132-132
Author(s):  
M Lewis ◽  
B G Lowman
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acids ◽  
Trace Elements ◽  
Major Part ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Complete Diet ◽  
Beer Production ◽  
Malt Whisky

Malt distillers grains (MDG) and brewers grains (BG) are the fibrous residues remaining after the extraction of sugars from malted barley during the process of malt whisky and beer production, respectively. MDG and BG are popular supplements in beef finishing diets with up to 15kg/head/day being fed on Scottish farms (Lilwall, Smith and Wood, 1983). However, in some areas, close to distilleries and breweries, and particularly during the summer months, MDG and BG can be bought cheaply and ensiled, and could be fed to appetite as the sole or major part of the diet. This investigation explores this possibility.Some unusual limitations of MDG and BG as a complete diet are that they are virtually devoid of soluble minerals such as Na and K and are low in some trace elements and vitamins. They also contain high levels of unsaturated fats which depress fibre digestion and voluntary dry matter intake (Miller et al., 1970). This effect can be partly overcome by supplementation with calcium carbonate (El Hag et al., 1972) probably by the formation of insoluble calcium soaps of fatty acids in the rumen. Based on these considerations a mineral/vitamin mix was designed specifically to supplement these materials.

scholarly journals Effects of replacing wet distillers grains with supplemental SoyPass in forage based growing cattle diets

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
T J Spore ◽  
Z E Carlson ◽  
K H Wilke ◽  
G E Erickson ◽  
T J Klopfenstein ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Soybean Meal ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Protein Supplement ◽  
Plasma Urea ◽  
Growing Cattle ◽  
Wet Distillers Grains

Abstract One hundred twenty individually fed steers (initial BW 283 kg ± 32) were utilized in an 84-d growing trial to evaluate effects of increased metabolizable lysine from non-enzymatically browned soybean meal (SoyPass) in grass hay-based diets containing wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS). The treatments were arranged as a 2 × 3 factorial with two levels of protein supplement as 20% (low; DL20) or 35% (high; DL35) of dietary DM using WDGS as the basal protein source, and three increments of SoyPass (SP) replacing 0%, 30%, or 60% of the WDGS DM in the protein supplement yielding six dietary treatments. Average daily gain (ADG), dry matter intake (DMI), gain:feed (G:F), and plasma urea N (PUN) data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS as a 2 × 3 factorial. Animal was the experimental unit and fixed effects included body weight block, dietary inclusion of distillers grains (DL20, DL35), dietary inclusion of SoyPass (SP) (3 levels), and DL × SP inclusion interactions. Linear and quadratic interactions between DL and SP inclusion were analyzed using covariate regression . No interactions were detected for ADG between SP and DL (P = 0.76). Additionally, SP had no effect on ADG (P = 0.49). However, ADG was increased for steers consuming the DL35 diet compared to DL20 (1.13 vs. 0.86 kg/d, respectively; P < 0.01). A DL × SP interaction was detected for dry-matter intake (DMI; P = 0.01). As SP replaced WDGS in the DL35 diet, DMI increased linearly from 8.10 to 8.93 kg/d (P = 0.02). In the DL20 diet, DMI was not different as SP replaced WDGS (P ≥ 0.11). Therefore, G:F tended to decrease linearly (P = 0.06) as SP replaced WDGS in the DL35 diet, while no difference (P ≥ 0.11) was detected in the DL20 diet, suggesting SP contained less energy than WDGS but did improve dietary lysine balance. Furthermore, plasma urea nitrogen (PUN) increased linearly as SP replaced WDGS in the DL20 diet (P < 0.01) but was not affected by SP substitution in the DL35 diet (P ≥ 0.19). When WDGS is fed at a low (20% DM) or high (35% DM) inclusion rate in a forage based diet, replacing the distillers with a source of protected amino acids supplied through heat-treated soybean meal, did not improve performance. A more concentrated or energy dense form of amino acids may be beneficial in forage-based growing cattle diets containing 20% distillers grains, but is not needed in diets with 35% distillers grains.

scholarly journals PSXIV-17 Effects of corn bran plus solubles and corn oil on growth performance and carcass traits of finishing bulls

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 436-437
Author(s):  
Arquimedes Lima Junior ◽  
Murillo A Meschiatti ◽  
Vinicius N Gouvêa ◽  
Victor Dantas ◽  
Daniel Silva Antonelo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Corn Oil ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Carcass Traits ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Finishing Diets

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the growth performance and carcass traits of finishing bulls fed diets containing, on dietary dry matter basis, different levels of corn wet distillers bran plus solubles (WDBS; 0, 15, 30 or 45%) added with or without corn oil (CO; 0 and 3%). A total of 205 Nellore bulls (390 ± 25 kg initial BW) were blocked by initial body weight, distributed in 40 pens and pens within weight block were randomly assigned to treatments in a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement. Diets were isonitrogenous and contained 8.5% sugarcane bagasse and 91.5% concentrate (ground corn, soybean meal, pelleted citrus pulp, urea, mineral). The WDBS (FlexyDDG®) and the corn oil were from SJC Bioenergia (Quirinópolis, Goiás, Brazil). Data were analyzed using the PROC MIXED procedure of SAS. An interaction between CO × WDBS levels was observed for dry matter intake (DMI; P = 0.032). In diets without CO, increasing levels of WDBS linearly (P = 0.004) reduced the DMI, but in diets containing 3% CO, increasing levels of WDBS quadraticaly affected the DMI (P = 0.002). No effects of CO, WDBSF levels or CO × WDBS levels were observed for final body weight, average daily gain, hot carcass weight and dressing percentage. Feed efficiency tended (P = 0.07) to be greater for bulls fed diets containing CO (0.154 vs. 0.144). Increasing levels of WDBS tended (P = 0.09) to increase the feed efficiency. In summary, increasing levels of WDBS in finishing diets linearly (in diets without CO) or quadratically (in diets with CO) reduces the dry matter intake. Adding CO and WDBS tend to increase feed efficiency.

scholarly journals 337 Effect of adding urea to finishing diets containing two different inclusions of distillers grains on steer performance and carcass characteristics

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 134-135
Author(s):  
Bradley M Boyd ◽  
James C MacDonald ◽  
Matthew Luebbe ◽  
Galen E Erickson
Keyword(s):  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Distillers Grains ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Performance Measurements ◽  
Minimal Impact ◽  
Wet Distillers Grains ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Urea Inclusion

Abstract Crossbred beef steers (n = 384) were utilized to evaluate the effects of adding urea to a dry rolled corn based finishing diet containing low inclusions of wet distillers grains plus solubles (WDGS). Treatments were set up as a 2 × 4 factorial arrangement with factors consisting of WDGS inclusion at either 12 or 20% of diet dry matter (DM) and urea inclusion at either 0, 0.4, 0.8, 1.2% of diet DM. Cattle were blocked and stratified by initial body weight (BW) and assigned randomly to treatment. The heavy block of cattle were harvested after 160 d on feed (DOF) and the middle and light blocks of cattle were harvested after 179 DOF. The model include the fixed effects of weight block, WDGS inclusion, urea inclusion, and their interactions. There were no significant interactions (P > 0.12) observed between WDGS inclusion and urea inclusion in the diet; therefore, only main effects are discussed. Increasing inclusion of WDGS improved (P < 0.04) carcass adjusted ADG and G:F. Dry matter intake was reduced (P = 0.04) with increasing WDGS inclusions. Fat thickness was increased (P = 0.04) with increased WDGS inclusion; however, no other carcass characteristics were significantly affected by WDGS inclusion. Cubic effects of urea inclusion were observed (P < 0.05) for HCW, final BW, ADG, and DMI on a carcass adjusted and live BW basis; however, cubic effects with increasing urea inclusion are of minimal biological relevance. There were no linear or quadratic responses (P > 0.11) for increasing urea inclusion in the diet for performance measurements or carcass characteristics. Increasing WDGS inclusion in the diet improved performance. Added urea in the diet had minimal impact on performance, regardless of wet distillers grains plus solubles inclusion.

Effects of dry matter intake restriction on diet digestion, energy partitioning, phosphorus retention, and ruminal fermentation by beef steers

2007 ◽  
Vol 85 (12) ◽  
pp. 3383-3390 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. H. Clark ◽  
K. C. Olson ◽  
T. B. Schmidt ◽  
M. L. Linville ◽  
D. O. Alkire ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dry Matter ◽  
Energy Partitioning ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Beef Steers ◽  
Phosphorus Retention ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation
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