scholarly journals Maternal nutrition and stage of early pregnancy in beef heifers: Impacts on expression of glucose, fructose, and cationic amino acid transporters in utero-placental tissues 1

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (12) ◽  
pp. 5563-5572 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. S. Crouse ◽  
K. J. McLean ◽  
N. P. Greseth ◽  
M. R. Crosswhite ◽  
N. Negrin Pereira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Amino Acid Transporters ◽  
Beef Heifers ◽  
Cationic Amino Acid

scholarly journals The effects of maternal nutrition during the first 50 days of gestation on the location and abundance of hexose and cationic amino acid transporters in beef heifer utero-placental tissues

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Matthew S Crouse ◽  
Kyle J McLean ◽  
Josephine Dwamena ◽  
Tammi L Neville ◽  
Ana Clara B Menezes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cross Sections ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Day Treatment ◽  
Placental Tissue ◽  
Tissue Type ◽  
Fetal Membrane ◽  
Amino Acid Transporters ◽  
Cationic Amino Acid ◽  
Randomized Design

Abstract We hypothesized that maternal nutrition during the first 50 d of gestation would influence the abundance of hexose transporters, SLC2A1, SLC2A3, and SLC2A5, and cationic amino acid transporters, SLC7A1 and SLC7A2, in heifer utero-placental tissues. Angus-cross heifers (n = 43) were estrus synchronized, bred via artificial insemination, and assigned at breeding to one of two dietary intake groups (CON = 100% of requirements to achieve 0.45 kg/d of BW gain or RES = 60% of CON intake) and ovariohysterectomized on d 16, 34, or 50 of gestation (n = 6 to 9/d) in a completely randomized design with a 2 × 3 factorial arrangement of treatments. Uterine cross-sections were collected from the horn ipsilateral to the corpus luteum, fixed in 10% Neutral Buffered Formalin, sectioned at 5 µm, and stained via immunofluorescence for transporters. For each image, areas of fetal membrane (FM; chorioallantois), luminal epithelium (ENDO), superficial glands (SG), deep glands (DG), and myometrium (MYO) were analyzed separately for relative intensity of fluorescence as an indicator of transporter abundance. Analysis of FM was only conducted for d 34 and 50. No transporters in target areas were influenced by a day × treatment interaction (P ≥ 0.06). In ENDO, all transporters were differentially abundant from d 16 to 50 of gestation (P ≤ 0.04), and SLC7A2 was greater (P = 0.05) for RES vs. CON. In SG, SLC7A1 and SLC7A2 were greater (P ≤ 0.04) at d 34 vs. d 16. In DG, SLC2A3 and SLC7A1 were greater (P ≤ 0.05) for CON vs. RES heifers; furthermore, SLC7A1 was greater (P < 0.01) at d 50 vs. d 16 and 34 of gestation. In MYO, SLC7A1 was greater (P < 0.01) for CON vs. RES and was greater (P = 0.02) at d 34 and 50 vs. d 16. There were no differences in FM (P ≥ 0.06). Analysis of all uterine tissues at d 16 determined that SLC2A1, SLC2A3, and SLC7A2 were all differentially abundant across uterine tissue type (P < 0.01), and SLC7A1 was greater (P = 0.02) for CON vs. RES. Analysis of all utero-placental tissues at d 34 and 50 demonstrated that all transporters differed (P < 0.01) across utero-placental tissues, and SLC7A1 was greater (P < 0.01) for CON vs. RES. These data are interpreted to imply that transporters are differentially affected by day of gestation, and that hexose and cationic amino acid transporters are differentially abundant across utero-placental tissue types, and that SLC7A1 is responsive to maternal nutritional treatment.

Nutrition and early pregnancy in beef heifers: impacts on CAT2 abundance in utero-placental tissues

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.C.B. Menezes ◽  
T.L. Neville ◽  
M.S. Crouse ◽  
K.J. McLean ◽  
A.K. Ward ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Pregnancy ◽  
In Utero ◽  
Beef Heifers

Na(+)-independent transport (uniport) of amino acids and glucose in mammalian cells.

1994 ◽  
Vol 196 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-108
Author(s):  
D K Kakuda ◽  
C L MacLeod
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acids ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Mammalian Cells ◽  
Glucose Transporter ◽  
Sequence Similarity ◽  
Amino Acid Sequence Similarity ◽  
Amino Acid Transporters ◽  
Cationic Amino Acid ◽  
Transporter Family ◽  
Share Amino Acid Sequence

Recent advances have made possible the isolation of the genes and their cDNAs encoding Na(+)-independent amino acid transporters. Two classes of amino acid 'uniporters' have been isolated. One class contains the mCAT (murine cationic amino acid transporter) gene family that encodes proteins predicted to span the membrane 12-14 times and exhibits structural properties similar to the GLUT (glucose transporter) family and to other well-known transporters. The other class consists of two known genes, rBAT (related to B system amino acid transporters) and 4F2hc, that share amino acid sequence similarity with alpha-amylases and alpha-glucosidases. They are type II glycoproteins predicted to span the membrane only once, yet they mediate the Na(+)-independent transport of cationic and zwitterionic amino acids in Xenopus oocytes. Mutations in the human rBAT gene have been identified by Palacín and his co-workers in several families suffering from a heritable form of cystinuria. This important finding clearly establishes a key role for rBAT in cystine transport. The two classes of amino acid transporters are compared with the well-studied GLUT family of Na(+)-independent glucose transporters.

scholarly journals Nitric oxide can acutely modulate its biosynthesis through a negative feedback mechanism on l-arginine transport in cardiac myocytes

2010 ◽  
Vol 299 (2) ◽  
pp. C230-C239 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiaguo Zhou ◽  
David D. Kim ◽  
R. Daniel Peluffo
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Amino Acid ◽  
Cardiac Myocytes ◽  
Amino Acid Transporters ◽  
No Production ◽  
Cardiac Muscle Cells ◽  
No Donor ◽  
Rat Cardiomyocytes ◽  
Cationic Amino Acid ◽  
Intervention Point

Nitric oxide (NO) plays a central role as a cellular signaling molecule in health and disease. In the heart, NO decreases the rate of spontaneous beating and the velocity and extent of shortening and accelerates the velocity of relengthening. Since the cationic amino acid l-arginine (l-Arg) is the substrate for NO production by NO synthases (NOS), we tested whether the transporters that mediate l-Arg import in cardiac muscle cells represent an intervention point in the regulation of NO synthesis. Electrical currents activated by l-Arg with low apparent affinity in whole cell voltage-clamped rat cardiomyocytes were found to be rapidly and reversibly inhibited by NO donors. Radiotracer uptake studies performed on cardiac sarcolemmal vesicles revealed the presence of high-affinity/low-capacity and low-affinity/high-capacity components of cationic amino acid transport that were inhibited by the NO donor S-nitroso- N-acetyl-dl-penicillamine. NO inhibited uptake in a noncompetitive manner with Ki values of 275 and 827 nM for the high- and low-affinity component, respectively. Fluorescence spectroscopy experiments showed that millimolar concentrations of l-Arg initially promoted and then inhibited the release of endogenous NO in cardiomyocytes. Likewise, l-Arg currents measured in cardiac myocytes voltage clamped in the presence of 460 nM free intracellular Ca2+, a condition in which a Ca-CaM complex should activate endogenous NO production, showed fast activation followed by inhibition of l-Arg transport. The NOS inhibitor N-nitro-l-arginine methyl ester, but not blockers of downstream reactions, specifically removed this inhibitory component. These results demonstrate that NO acutely regulates its own biosynthesis by modulating the availability of l-Arg via cationic amino acid transporters.

Characterization of cationic amino acid transporters (hCATs) 1 and 2 in human skin

2008 ◽  
Vol 129 (3) ◽  
pp. 321-329 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristin Jaeger ◽  
Friedrich Paulsen ◽  
Johannes Wohlrab
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Human Skin ◽  
Amino Acid Transporters ◽  
Cationic Amino Acid
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