P4035 Exploiting Genomic Data of Spanish Atlantic salmon to identify genes involved in sex determination and to estimate effective population size

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_4) ◽  
pp. 95-96
Author(s):  
M. Saura ◽  
A. Chtioui ◽  
A. I. Fernández ◽  
P. Morán ◽  
M. P. Kent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Sex Determination ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Spanish Atlantic

scholarly journals Alternative reproductive tactics increase effective population size and decrease inbreeding in wild Atlantic salmon

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 1094-1106 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charles Perrier ◽  
Éric Normandeau ◽  
Mélanie Dionne ◽  
Antoine Richard ◽  
Louis Bernatchez
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
Alternative Reproductive Tactics ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Reproductive Tactics

Significance of Mature Male Parr in a Small Population of Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar)

1989 ◽  
Vol 46 (6) ◽  
pp. 928-931 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jan Hennsng L'abée-Lund
Keyword(s):  
Atlantic Salmon ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
Salmo Salar ◽  
Small Population ◽  
Mature Male ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Atlantic Salmon Salmo Salar ◽  
Mature Male Parr

The spawning population of Atlantic salmon, Salmo salar, (mature male parr and adults (anadromous salmon)) were assessed in the River Baevra, central Norway, when the river was treated with rotenone in November 1986. The spawning population of adults consisted of 15 males and 19 females. The spawning population of males consisted of 167 mature male parr per adult male. The effective population size of adults was small; Na = 33.5 individuals. The presence of mature male parr theoretically increased the effective population size to Na = 71.7 individuals. This increase indicated that mature male parr brought the effective population size above a recommended minimum (Na = 50) to ensure long term viability.

scholarly journals Genetic Diversity in the Italian Holstein Dairy Cattle Based on Pedigree and SNP Data Prior and After Genomic Selection

2022 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michela Ablondi ◽  
Alberto Sabbioni ◽  
Giorgia Stocco ◽  
Claudio Cipolat-Gotet ◽  
Christos Dadousis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Diversity ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Genomic Selection ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Future Market ◽  
Nucleotide Polymorphisms ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Snp Data

Genetic diversity has become an urgent matter not only in small local breeds but also in more specialized ones. While the use of genomic data in livestock breeding programs increased genetic gain, there is increasing evidence that this benefit may be counterbalanced by the potential loss of genetic variability. Thus, in this study, we aimed to investigate the genetic diversity in the Italian Holstein dairy cattle using pedigree and genomic data from cows born between 2002 and 2020. We estimated variation in inbreeding, effective population size, and generation interval and compared those aspects prior to and after the introduction of genomic selection in the breed. The dataset contained 84,443 single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), and 74,485 cows were analyzed. Pedigree depth based on complete generation equivalent was equal to 10.67. A run of homozygosity (ROH) analysis was adopted to estimate SNP-based inbreeding (FROH). The average pedigree inbreeding was 0.07, while the average FROH was more than double, being equal to 0.17. The pattern of the effective population size based on pedigree and SNP data was similar although different in scale, with a constant decrease within the last five generations. The overall inbreeding rate (ΔF) per year was equal to +0.27% and +0.44% for Fped and FROH throughout the studied period, which corresponded to about +1.35% and +2.2% per generation, respectively. A significant increase in the ΔF was found since the introduction of genomic selection in the breed. This study in the Italian Holstein dairy cattle showed the importance of controlling the loss of genetic diversity to ensure the long-term sustainability of this breed, as well as to guarantee future market demands.

scholarly journals Genetic Variability in Polish Lowland Sheepdogs Assessed by Pedigree and Genomic Data

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 1520
Author(s):  
Paula Wiebke Michels ◽  
Ottmar Distl
Keyword(s):  
Genetic Variability ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
Ductus Arteriosus ◽  
Genomic Data ◽  
Reference Population ◽  
Pedigree Data ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Inbreeding Coefficients ◽  
Candidate Loci

Genetic variability of Polish Lowland Sheepdog (PON) population was evaluated using both pedigree and genomic data. The analyzed pedigree encompassed 8628 PONs, including 153 individuals genotyped on the Illumina CanineHD BeadChip. Runs of homozygosity (ROH) were defined for homozygous stretches extending over 60 to 4300 kb. The inbreeding coefficients FPed based on pedigree data and FROH50 based on ROHs were at 0.18 and 0.31. The correlation between both was 0.41 but 0.52 when excluding animals with less than seven complete generations. The realized effective population size (Ne¯) was 22.2 with an increasing trend over years. Five PONs explained 79% of the genetic diversity of the reference population. The effective population size derived from linkage disequilibrium measured by r² was 36. PANTHER analysis of genes in ROHs shared by ≥50% of the PONs revealed four highly over- or underrepresented biological processes. One among those is the 7.35 fold enriched “forelimb morphogenesis”. Candidate loci for hip dysplasia and patent ductus arteriosus were discovered in frequently shared ROHs. In conclusion, the inbreeding measures of the PONs were high and the genetic variability small compared to various dog breeds. Regarding Ne¯, PON population was minimally endangered according to the European Association for Animal Production.

scholarly journals The male handicap: male-biased mortality explains skewed sex ratios in brown trout embryos

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (12) ◽  
pp. 20160693 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Morán ◽  
L. Labbé ◽  
C. Garcia de Leaniz
Keyword(s):  
Sex Determination ◽  
Population Size ◽  
Effective Population Size ◽  
Genetic Marker ◽  
Brown Trout ◽  
Sex Ratios ◽  
High Survival ◽  
Effective Population ◽  
Genetic Incompatibility ◽  
Bias Selection

Juvenile sex ratios are often assumed to be equal for many species with genetic sex determination, but this has rarely been tested in fish embryos due to their small size and absence of sex-specific markers. We artificially crossed three populations of brown trout and used a recently developed genetic marker for sexing the offspring of both pure and hybrid crosses. Sex ratios (SR = proportion of males) varied widely one month after hatching ranging from 0.15 to 0.90 (mean = 0.39 ± 0.03). Families with high survival tended to produce balanced or male-biased sex ratios, but SR was significantly female-biased when survival was low, suggesting that males sustain higher mortality during development. No difference in SR was found between pure and hybrid families, but the existence of sire × dam interactions suggests that genetic incompatibility may play a role in determining sex ratios. Our findings have implications for animal breeding and conservation because skewed sex ratios will tend to reduce effective population size and bias selection estimates.

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