Bacterial flora of liver abscesses in crossbred beef cattle and Holstein steers fed finishing diets with or without tylosin

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 3425 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. G. Amachawadi ◽  
T. J. Purvis ◽  
B. V. Lubbers ◽  
J. W. Homm ◽  
C. L. Maxwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Liver Abscesses

Bacterial flora of liver abscesses in crossbred beef cattle and Holstein steers fed finishing diets with or without tylosin1,2

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (8) ◽  
pp. 3425-3434
Author(s):  
R. G. Amachawadi ◽  
T. J. Purvis ◽  
B. V. Lubbers ◽  
J. W. Homm ◽  
C. L. Maxwell ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Liver Abscesses

Bacterial community analysis of purulent material from liver abscesses of crossbred cattle and Holstein steers fed finishing diets with or without tylosin

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Raghavendra G Amachawadi ◽  
Wesley A Tom ◽  
Michael P Hays ◽  
Samodha C Fernando ◽  
Philip R Hardwidge ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Community ◽  
Community Composition ◽  
Bacterial Community Composition ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Crossbred Cattle ◽  
Sequence Analyses ◽  
Gram Negative ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Liver Abscesses

Abstract Liver abscesses in feedlot cattle are polymicrobial infections. Culture-based studies have identified Fusobacterium necrophorum as the primary causative agent, but a number of other bacterial species are frequently isolated. The incidence of liver abscesses is highly variable and is affected by a number of factors, including cattle type. Holstein steers raised for beef production have a higher incidence than crossbred feedlot cattle. Tylosin is the commonly used antimicrobial feed additive to reduce the incidence of liver abscesses. The objective of this study was to utilize 16S ribosomal RNA amplicon sequence analyses to analyze the bacterial community composition of purulent material of liver abscesses of crossbred cattle (n = 24) and Holstein steers (n = 24), each fed finishing diet with or without tylosin. DNA was extracted and the V3 and V4 regions of the 16S rRNA gene were amplified, sequenced, and analyzed. The minimum, mean, and maximum sequence reads per sample were 996, 177,070, and 877,770, respectively, across all the liver abscess samples. Sequence analyses identified 5 phyla, 14 families, 98 genera, and 102 amplicon sequence variants (ASV) in the 4 treatment groups. The dominant phyla identified were Fusobacteria (52% of total reads) and Proteobacteria (33%). Of the top 25 genera identified, 17 genera were Gram negative and 8 were Gram positive. The top 3 genera, which accounted for 75% of the total reads, in the order of abundance, were Fusobacterium, Pseudomonas, and Bacteroides. The relative abundance, expressed as percent of total reads, of phyla, family, and genera did not differ (P > 0.05) between the 4 treatment groups. Generic richness and evenness, determined by Shannon–Weiner and Simpson’s diversity indices, respectively, did not differ between the groups. The UniFrac distance matrices data revealed no clustering of the ASV indicating variance between the samples within each treatment group. Co-occurrence network analysis at the genus level indicated a strong association of Fusobacterium with 15 other genera, and not all of them have been previously isolated from liver abscesses. In conclusion, the culture-independent method identified the bacterial composition of liver abscesses as predominantly Gram negative and Fusobacterium as the dominant genus, followed by Pseudomonas. The bacterial community composition did not differ between crossbred and Holstein steers fed finishing diets with or without tylosin.

Digestion characteristics and prediction of digestible energy and total digestible nutrients in beef cattle finishing diets containing traditional and by-product lipid sources

2021 ◽  
Vol 37 (4) ◽  
pp. 377-387
Author(s):  
H.C. Wilson ◽  
V.R. Bremer ◽  
G.E. Erickson ◽  
T.P. Carr ◽  
K.J. Hanford ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Digestible Energy ◽  
Finishing Diets

Digestibility of Potato Processing Residue in Beef Cattle Finishing Diets

1980 ◽  
Vol 51 (1) ◽  
pp. 202-206 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. L. Stanhope ◽  
D. D. Hinman ◽  
D. O. Everson ◽  
R. C. Bull
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Potato Processing ◽  
Finishing Diets

scholarly journals Use of barley or corn silage when fed with barley, corn, or a blend of barley and corn on growth performance, nutrient utilization, and carcass characteristics of finishing beef cattle

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 129-140 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jordan A Johnson ◽  
Brittney D Sutherland ◽  
John J McKinnon ◽  
Tim A McAllister ◽  
Gregory B Penner
Keyword(s):  
Body Weight ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Growth Performance ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Feed Ratio ◽  
Final Body Weight ◽  
Liver Abscesses ◽  
Finishing Beef Cattle

Abstract The objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of the source of silage, cereal grain, and their interaction on growth performance, digestibility, and carcass characteristics of finishing beef cattle. Using a completely randomized design within an 89-d finishing study, 288 steers were randomly assigned to 1 of 24 pens (12 steers/pen) with average steer body weight (BW) within a pen of 464 kg ± 1.7 kg (mean ± SD). Diets were arranged in a 2 × 3 factorial with corn silage (CS) or barley silage (BS) included at 8% (dry matter [DM] basis). Within each silage source, diets contained dry-rolled barley grain (BG; 86% of DM), dry-rolled corn grain (CG; 85% of DM), or an equal blend of BG and CG (BCG; 85% of DM). Total tract digestibility of nutrients was estimated from fecal samples using near-infrared spectroscopy. Data were analyzed with pen as the experimental unit using the Mixed Model of SAS with the fixed effects of silage, grain, and the two-way interaction. Carcass and fecal kernel data were analyzed using GLIMMIX utilizing the same model. There were no interactions detected between silage and grain source. Feeding CG increased (P < 0.01) DM intake by 0.8 and 0.6 kg/d relative to BG and BCG, respectively. Gain-to-feed ratio was greater (P = 0.04) for BG (0.172 kg/kg) than CG (0.162 kg/kg) but did not differ from BCG (0.165 kg/kg). Furthermore, average daily gain (2.07 kg/d) and final body weight did not differ among treatments (P ≥ 0.25). Hot carcass weight (HCW) was 6.2 kg greater (372.2 vs. 366.0 kg; P < 0.01) and dressing percentage was 0.57 percentage units greater (59.53 vs. 58.96 %; P = 0.04) for steers fed CS than BS, respectively. There was no effect of dietary treatment on the severity of liver abscesses (P ≥ 0.20) with 72.0% of carcasses having clear livers, 24.4% with minor liver abscesses, and 3.6% with severe liver abscesses. Digestibility of DM, organic matter, crude protein, neutral detergent fiber, and starch were greater for BG (P < 0.01) than CG or BCG. As expected, grain source affected the appearance of grain kernels in the feces (P ≤ 0.04). Feeding CS silage increased the appearance of fractured corn kernels (P = 0.04), while feeding BS increased fiber appearance in the feces (P = 0.02). Current results indicate that when dry rolled, feeding BG resulted in improved performance and digestibility compared with CG and BCG. Even at low inclusion levels (8% of DM), CS resulted in improved carcass characteristics relative to BS.

Level of Peanut Hulls as a Roughage Source in Beef Cattle Finishing Diets

1972 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 146-151 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Utley ◽  
W. C. McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Peanut Hulls

The use of coarsely milled barley straw in finishing diets for young beef cattle

1969 ◽  
Vol 73 (3) ◽  
pp. 365-372 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. J. Forbes ◽  
A. M. Raven ◽  
J. H. D. Irwin
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Dry Matter Intake ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Finishing Diets ◽  
Rate Of Increase ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Digestible Organic Matter ◽  
Linear Decline

SummaryAn experiment was carried out in which young beef cattle were given diets containing different levels of coarsely milled (1 in screen) barley straw. The proportions of straw used were 0, 10, 20, 30, 40 and 50 % and the performance of animals on these diets was compared with that of similar animals on an all concentrate diet. Each diet was given ad libitum to six animals. There was a significant linear decline in live-weight gain with increasing straw intake, the rate of decline being 0·62 ± 0·133 kg per week for each 10 % increase in the level of straw in the diet. The dry matter conversion ratio increased linearly with increasing straw intake, the rate of increase being 0·65 ± 0·186 units for each 10 % increase in straw in the diet. Dry matter intake was significantly (P < 0·001) affected by the proportion of straw in the diet. Although dry matter intake increased to a maximum at a level of 18·8% straw in the diet there was no significant increase in the intake of digestible organic matter (DOMI). There was a significant (P < 0·001) linear decline of 0·19 ± 0·04 kg DOMI with each 10% increase in straw in the diet. There was a significant linear decline in chilled carcase weight to the extent of 5·7 ± 0·096 kg for each 10% increase in straw. The killing-out percentage based on unfasted live weight declined significantly as the percentage of straw in the diet rose from 20 to 30%. However, when the killing-out percentage was calculated on the basis of live weight at slaughter less rumen contents there was no significant difference between treatments.

scholarly journals Bacterial flora of liver abscesses from feedlot cattle fed with or without tylosin

1996 ◽  
pp. 119-121
Author(s):  
A.B. Beharka ◽  
L.H. Carroll ◽  
A.P. Raun ◽  
S.B. Laudert ◽  
J.C. Parrott ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Feedlot Cattle ◽  
Liver Abscesses

Types of Roughage and Intermittent Changes of Roughage Types in Beef Cattle Finishing Diets

1973 ◽  
Vol 37 (2) ◽  
pp. 395-398 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. R. Utley ◽  
R. S. Lowrey ◽  
W. C. McCormick
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Finishing Diets
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