Genetic grouping strategies in selection efficiency of composite beef cattle (Bos taurus × Bos indicus)1

2015 ◽  
Vol 93 (2) ◽  
pp. 541-552
Author(s):  
J. Petrini ◽  
S. F. N. Pertile ◽  
J. P. Eler ◽  
J. B. S. Ferraz ◽  
E. C. Mattos ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Selection Efficiency ◽  
Grouping Strategies

scholarly journals 21 Performance of growing beef cattle consuming bahiagrass hay treated with calcium oxide and molasses and supplemented with cottonseed meal

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 19-19
Author(s):  
Francine M Ciriaco ◽  
Darren D Henry ◽  
Luara B Canal ◽  
Carla D Sanford ◽  
Gonzalo Barreneche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cottonseed Meal ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feed Withdrawal

Abstract An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) hay treated with calcium oxide (CaO) and molasses, offered ad libitum, on performance of growing beef cattle supplemented with cottonseed meal. Sixty-four growing Bos taurus and Bos indicus influenced heifers (249 ± 26 kg of BW) and steers (249 ± 20 kg of BW) were used in a randomized complete block design. The experiment consisted of a 56 d period in which animals were weighed every 14 d. On d 0, animals were weighed after 16-h water and feed withdrawal, stratified by sex, breed, and BW, and blocked by initial BW. Cattle were then allotted to 16 dormant bahiagrass pastures (1.34 ha each; 4 animals/pasture), which were located in 2 different areas within 0.52 km of each other. Pastures were stratified by location and randomly assigned (n = 8 pastures/treatment) to 1 of 2 treatments: 1) hay treated with 10% molasses (DM basis) + water (to 35% DM; MOL) or 2) hay treated with 5% CaO (DM basis) + 10% molasses (DM basis) + water (to 35% DM; CAO). Cottonseed meal was provided at a rate of 0.3% of cattle BW/d (as fed basis). Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS and pasture was the experimental unit. The model included the fixed effects of treatment and sex. Location and block were included as random effects. Initial and final BW were not affected by treatment (P = 0.573, P = 0.453; initial and final BW, respectively) or sex (P = 0.512, P = 0.670; initial and final BW, respectively). Additionally, no effects of treatment (P = 0.767) or sex (P = 0.285) were observed on ADG (average of 0.537 kg). In conclusion, bahiagrass hay treated with molasses alone or in combination with CaO failed to improve performance of growing beef cattle

scholarly journals Effect of the g.98535683A > G SNP in the CAST gene on meat traits of Nellore beef cattle (Bos indicus) and their crosses with Bos taurus

Meat Science ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 123 ◽  
pp. 64-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cruz Elena Enriquez-Valencia ◽  
Guilherme Luis Pereira ◽  
Jessica Moraes Malheiros ◽  
Josineudson Augusto I.I. de Vasconcelos Silva ◽  
Lúcia Galvão Albuquerque ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Cast Gene

scholarly journals 94 Performance of growing beef cattle consuming bahiagrass hay treated with calcium oxide and molasses and supplemented with cottonseed meal

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 34-34
Author(s):  
Francine M Ciriaco ◽  
Darren D Henry ◽  
Luara B Canal ◽  
Carla D Sanford ◽  
Gonzalo Barreneche ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Cottonseed Meal ◽  
Calcium Oxide ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Paspalum Notatum ◽  
Experimental Unit ◽  
Feed Withdrawal

Abstract An experiment was conducted to evaluate the effects of bahiagrass (Paspalum notatum) hay treated with calcium oxide (CaO) and molasses, offered ad libitum, on performance of growing beef cattle supplemented with cottonseed meal. Sixty-four growing Bos taurus and Bos indicus influenced heifers (249 ± 26 kg of BW) and steers (249 ± 20 kg of BW) were used in a randomized complete block design. The experiment consisted of a 56 d period in which animals were weighed every 14 d. On d 0, animals were weighed after 16-h water and feed withdrawal, stratified by sex, breed, and BW, and blocked by initial BW. Cattle were then allotted to 16 dormant bahiagrass pastures (1.34 ha each; 4 animals/pasture), which were located in 2 different areas within 0.52 km of each other. Pastures were stratified by location and randomly assigned (n = 8 pastures/treatment) to 1 of 2 treatments: 1) hay treated with 10% molasses (DM basis) + water (to 35% DM; MOL) or 2) hay treated with 5% CaO (DM basis) + 10% molasses (DM basis) + water (to 35% DM; CAO). Cottonseed meal was provided at a rate of 0.3% of cattle BW/d (as fed basis). Data were analyzed using the MIXED procedure of SAS and pasture was the experimental unit. The model included the fixed effects of treatment and sex. Location and block were included as random effects. Initial and final BW were not affected by treatment (P = 0.573, P = 0.453; initial and final BW, respectively) or sex (P = 0.512, P = 0.670; initial and final BW, respectively). Additionally, no effects of treatment (P = 0.767) or sex (P = 0.285) were observed on ADG (average of 0.537 kg). In conclusion, bahiagrass hay treated with molasses alone or in combination with CaO failed to improve performance of growing beef cattle

Candidate genes for growth traits in beef cattle crosses Bos taurus x Bos indicus

2003 ◽  
Vol 120 (1) ◽  
pp. 51-56 ◽  
Author(s):  
D. D. Tambasco ◽  
C. C. P. Paz ◽  
M. Tambasco-Studart ◽  
A. P. Pereira ◽  
M. M. Alencar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Candidate Genes ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Bos Indicus

Genetic and environmental effects on weaning weight in crossbred beef cattle (Bos taurus × Bos indicus)

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-8
Author(s):  
P. Dominguez-Castaño ◽  
A. M. Maiorano ◽  
M.H.V. de Oliveira ◽  
L.E.C. dos Santos Correia ◽  
J.A.II.V. Silva
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Variance Component Analysis ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Crossbred Cows ◽  
Age Class

Abstract This work aimed to evaluate the effects of sire's and dam's biological type, dam's age class at calving and individual heterozygosis, and to estimate variance components for weaning weight adjusted to 210 days (WW210) in beef cattle of different breed groups. Records of 13 687 animals, obtained from 2000 to 2007, were used. Bulls from the biological types Zebu (N), Adapted (A), British (B), Continental (C) and ¼N|¼A|¼B|¼C were mated with purebred zebu (N) and crossbred females (½C|½N and ½B|½N). Dam age at calving was 3–12 years. The influence of several effects on WW210 was tested using the least square method. Variance component analysis was performed using a Bayesian approach. The model included contemporary group, dam's age class at calving, sire's and dam's biological types as systematic effects, animal's age and individual heterozygosis as linear covariates, and direct and maternal additive genetic, maternal permanent environmental and residual effects as random effects. The progeny of bulls from biological type B and the crossbred cows showed higher WW210 means. Cows at 6–7 years old weaned heavier calves. Direct and maternal heritability estimates for WW210 were 0.5 ± 0.04 and 0.1 ± 0.02, respectively. Calves with 100% individual heterozygosis weighed on average 25.98 kg more at weaning compared to progenies from pure breeds. Sire's and dam's biological types influence the WW210 of the crossed progenies. Crossbred cows produce heavier calves compared to biological type N cows. These results and the obtained direct and maternal heritabilities suggest it is possible to choose the lines of sires and dams that could be used to make the crosses to obtain progenies with better performance for WW210.

Evaluation of beef cattle genotypes and estimation of direct and maternal genetic effects in a tropical environment. 1. Growth traits

2003 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1013 ◽  
Author(s):  
K. C. Prayaga
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Least Squares ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Growth Traits ◽  
Average Daily Gain ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Genetic Effects ◽  
Additive Effects ◽  
Weaning Weight ◽  
Final Weight

Data from a crossbreeding experiment conducted during 1992–97 involving 31 genotypes from tropically adapted British (B), Sanga-derived (S), Zebu cross (Zx), Zebu (Z), and Continental (C) beef cattle breed groups were analysed to compare least-squares means, direct and maternal genetic effects, and heterosis estimates for birthweight, weaning weight, yearling weight, final weight (18 months), and pre- and post-weaning average daily gain (ADG). The genotypes were regrouped as Bos taurus (B, S, C)- and Bos indicus (Z, Zx)-derived groups to enable the comparison of direct (dD) and maternal (mD) dominance effects among indicine (II), taurine–indicine (TI), and taurine (TT) crosses. Genotype, contemporary group (year of birth, season of birth, and age of the dam), sex, and genotype × sex interactions were significant (P < 0.01) sources of variation for all the traits. Treatment to control parasites significantly (P < 0.01) affected post-weaning growth traits. In general, crossbred calves performed better than purebred calves. Z dam breeds resulted in lower birthweight, and Z sire breeds and S dam breeds resulted in heavier birthweights. For traits after birth, ZC and ZC crosses with S and Z showed heavier weights and higher gains. Prior to weaning, males weighed significantly more and gained weight at a faster rate than females in most of the crossbreds. Weight gain was relatively low between weaning and yearling age.Direct and maternal additive effects were estimated as a deviation from the British breed group mean for various traits. Direct additive effects of C, Z, and S were high and significantly different from the British mean for all the growth traits. Maternal additive effects of C were low and not significantly different from the British mean. Large negative maternal additive effects of Z and Zx caused lower birthweights of calves from Z and Zx dams. A decrease of maternal additive effect from weaning to final weight and pre-weaning to post-weaning ADG was noticed. The magnitude of dD effects was higher in TI crosses than in II crosses for all the traits except for birthweight, indicating the advantage of Bos taurus × Bos indicus crosses. In TT crosses, dD was only significant for weaning weight (P�<�0.01) and pre-weaning ADG (P < 0.05). Significant (P < 0.01) and positive mD effects observed in TI crosses indicated a better maternal environment provided by crossbred dams. High correlation coefficient estimates (0.92–0.99) between least-squares means and predicted means, observed for a set of F1 genotypes, indicated the prediction of performance of untested genotypes with reasonable accuracy. The per cent heterosis estimates were higher in Zebu × British breed crosses.

Comparative evaluation of the meat quality of beef cattle breeds of Indian, African and European origins

1999 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-142 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Gazzola ◽  
C. J. O’Neill ◽  
J. E. Frisch
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Meat Quality ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Cooking Loss ◽  
Peak Force ◽  
Beef Herd ◽  
Beef Cattle Breeds

AbstractThe aim of this study was to rank diverse beef cattle genotypes for meat quality characteristics and to determine whether that ranking changed depending on the environment in which the animals were finished. Breed groups, ranging from 100% Bos indicus to 100% Bos taurus content, were derived from Indian zebu (Brahman), African zebu (Boran), British breeds (Hereford-Shorthorn), continental breeds (Charolais and Simmental) and Sanga (Tuli and Belmont Red). Heavy steers (>600 kg) were raised in a tropical environment and finished either on pasture or in a feedlot.For striploins (longissimus) from feedlot finished steers, cooking loss was greatest for zebu (Z) steaks, least for British (B) steaks (P < 0·001), and intermediate for the other breeds. For striploins from pasture finished steers and eye rounds (semitendinosus) from both pasture finished and feedlot finished steers, there were no breed differences in cooking loss.For both feedlot finished and pasture finished steers, striploin steaks from B steers were most tender, and Sanga (S) and zebu × continental cross (ZC) steaks were more tender than Z steaks. Warner-Bratzler initial yields suggested that the lower toughness of these breeds was due to lower myofibrillar toughness. Peak force minus initial yield suggested a smaller, opposite effect of increasing connective tissue toughness associated with increasing Bos taurus content. This breed effect on connective tissue toughness was more prominent in the eye round samples. In the feedlot finished steers, Z eye round was as tender as B eye round. In pasture finished steers, Z eye round had a peak force 1·3 kg lower than B in contrast to the results for striploin where Z was 1·2 kg higher than B. Sanga eye round followed the same trend as B relative to Z but to a lesser extent. From the feedlot, S eye round was more tender than Z eye round and from pasture, S eye round was the same as Z eye round. There was no evidence of heterosis f or any meat quality attribute.These results are best explained in terms of a model incorporating differential effects of breed on the myofibrillar and connective tissue components of toughness. The implications of this study are that the tenderness of grilling and roasting cuts of meat from the predominantly Brahman-based beef herd of northern Australia can be improved through crossbreeding with any of the taurine breeds studied.

scholarly journals Assessment of GH1, CAPN1 and CAST polymorphisms as markers of carcass and meat traits in Bos indicus and Bos taurus–Bos indicus cross beef cattle

Meat Science ◽  
2010 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 915-920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rogério A. Curi ◽  
Luis Artur L. Chardulo ◽  
Juliana Giusti ◽  
Antonio C. Silveira ◽  
Cyntia L. Martins ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus

scholarly journals Energy Requirements of Beef Cattle: Current Energy Systems and Factors Influencing Energy Requirements for Maintenance

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (6) ◽  
pp. 1642
Author(s):  
Edward H. Cabezas-Garcia ◽  
Denise Lowe ◽  
Francis Lively
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Energy Requirements ◽  
Net Energy ◽  
Growth Responses ◽  
Food Research ◽  
The Mean ◽  
The Uk

The present review compared features of the UK system for predicting energy requirements in beef cattle with a number of feeding systems developed from research institutes consortiums around the world. In addition, energy requirements for maintenance calculated from studies conducted at the Agri-Food and Biosciences Institute (AFBI) in Northern Ireland since the 1990s were compared with compiled data from recent peer-review papers published over the last decade (2009–2020). The mean metabolisable energy requirement for the maintenance (MEm) of growing cattle was 0.672 MJ/kg0.75 according to values obtained from calorimetry studies conducted at AFBI. This value is respectively 8.2 and 19.5% greater than the MEm values obtained by the Agricultural and Food Research Council (AFRC), and the National Academies of Sciences, Engineering and Medicine (NASEM) equations, but it is in close agreement with the Institut National de la Recherche Agronomique (INRA) approach, when assuming a Bos taurus bull (300 kg LW) and an efficiency for converting energy for maintenance (km) of 0.65. Most of the literature data on energy requirements for the maintenance for this animal category were obtained from studies conducted with Bos indicus animals and their crossbreds in Brazilian conditions with this confirming lower requirements of these animals when compared to pure Bos taurus cattle. A simulation of the total ME requirements calculated for an Angus × Friesian steer (LW = 416 kg) offered good quality grass silage, indicated that both AFRC and NASEM systems overestimate (38.5 and 20.5%, respectively) the observed efficiency of converting ME for growth (kg). When the total ME requirements (maintenance + growth) were assessed, both systems underpredicted total ME requirement in 15.8 and 22.1 MJ/d. The mean MEm requirements for suckler cows obtained from the literature (0.596 MJ/kg0.75) is on average 19.1% greater than predictions given by both AFRC and INRA (lactation) equations when considering a 550 kg cow and a km value of 0.72. Although no differences in net energy requirements for maintenance (NEm) were detected between dry and lactating suckler cows, as expected the later displayed greater variation as a result of differences in milk production. On this regard, the INRA model recognise increased NEm requirements for lactating animals compared to dry cows. The re-evaluation of the concept of diet metabolisability and the analysis of existing data on compensatory growth responses are recommended for future updates of the British system (AFRC) having in to account the particularities of grass-based systems in the UK.

scholarly journals Morphological characteristics of the oocyte–cumulus complexes bos taurus and bos indicus of different purpose productivity

2019 ◽  
pp. 64-67
Author(s):  
L. N. Rotar ◽  
J. F. Souza
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Bos Taurus ◽  
Bos Indicus ◽  
Reproductive Potential ◽  
Practical Interest ◽  
Morphological Characteristics ◽  
Zebu Cattle ◽  
Initial Population

In the technology of in vitro embryo production in bovines, qualitative and quantitative indicators of the initial population of viable oocytes determine the successful output of blastocysts suitable for native embryotransfer or vitrification Therefore the study of reproductive potential of cows Bos taurus and Bos indicus (zebu cattle) of different directions of productivity by the method of assessing the quality and quantity of oocytes is of scientific and practical interest. The aim of this study was to conduct a comparative analysis of Russian and Brazilian cattle on the yield of oocyte–cumulus complexes (OCC) and their morphological characteristics in the populations of dairy and beef cattle productivity. The following samples of cows were formed:  Aberdeen–Angus breed n=82 (Russian Federation);  black–and–white breed n=62 (Russian Federation); Nelore n=149 (Brazil);  Gir n=63 (Brazil). The material of the study was oocyte–сumulus complexes obtained in the result of transvaginal puncture of follicles (transvaginal aspiration of oocytes TAO, ovum pick–up OPU). The quality of OCC was assessed by the following morphological parameters: the presence of cumulus layer and its quality, oocytes size, homogeneity and color of ooplasm, turgor. The number of viable OCC from the total amount is: Aberdeen Angus 67.15%; black–mottled 42%; Nelore 83.9%; Gir 71,4%.  Thus, Bos indicus (zebu cattle) is more promising for the technology of production embryos in vitro, as it exceeds Bos taurus by more than 2 times in the output of oocytes, both in the group of beef cattle and in the group of dairy.

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