scholarly journals Urinary excretion of purine derivatives, microbial protein synthesis, nitrogen use, and ruminal fermentation in sheep and goats fed diets of different quality1

2012 ◽  
Vol 90 (11) ◽  
pp. 3963-3972 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. D. Carro ◽  
G. Cantalapiedra-Hijar ◽  
M. J. Ranilla ◽  
E. Molina-Alcaide
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Purine Derivatives ◽  
Nitrogen Use ◽  
Sheep And Goats ◽  
Microbial Protein Synthesis

Effect of crude protein concentration on urinary excretion of purine derivatives in growing heifers fed concentrate and barley straw on an ad libitum basis

1999 ◽  
Vol 1999 ◽  
pp. 89-89
Author(s):  
M. Devant ◽  
J. F. Pérez ◽  
J. Plaixats ◽  
A. Ferret ◽  
G. Caja
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Barley Straw ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Purine Derivatives ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Ad Libitum ◽  
Soya Bean Meal

The amount and source of nitrogen required to optimize microbial protein synthesis has been widely discussed in the literature. However, information available on factors affecting microbial protein synthesis in young heifers fed high concentrate diets is limited. Our objective was to study the effect of CP concentration on ruminal fermentation and urinary excretion of purine derivatives, used as an index of microbial yield, in heifers fed concentrate and barley straw, both ad libitum, from 100 to 230 kg LW.Ten crossbreed beef heifers (101±4.5 kg LW), of which 6 where ruminally cannulated, were individually penned and randomly offered (115% of previous day consumption) a concentrate (14%, L or 17%, H) and barley straw diet once daily. Concentrates (H and L) were composed of ground corn (32; 38%), barley (27%), cassava (17%) and sunflower meal (5.8%) and soya bean meal included either at 16% or 9%, respectively.

scholarly journals Intake, nitrogen balance and microbial protein synthesis of steers fed with or without lipid addition

2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Laila Cecília Ramos Bendia ◽  
Carlos Augusto de Alencar Fontes ◽  
Elizabeth Fonsêca Processi ◽  
Clóvis Carlos Silveira Filho ◽  
Cláudio Teixeira Lombardi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Soybean Oil ◽  
Nitrogen Balance ◽  
Corn Silage ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Purine Derivatives ◽  
Microbial Synthesis ◽  
Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Energy Supplementation

This study investigated the influence of energy supplementation with or without the addition of lipids on microbial production, microbial synthesis efficiency and nitrogen balance. Eight fistulated steers were used with accessible rumens and kept in individual stalls. Their diets consisted of corn silage; corn silage + concentrate; corn silage + concentrate with addition of lipids in the form of soybean oil; and corn silage + concentrate with addition of lipids in the form of soybean grains. Estimates of microbial protein synthesis were obtained based on the urinary excretion of purine derivatives. The concentrations of ammonia in the rumen were determined immediately at 2, 4, 6 and 8 hours after feeding. The diets with concentrate increased (P<0.05) the microbial protein synthesis and the efficiency of the synthesis and nitrogen balance without a difference between the lipid sources (P>0.05). Concentrated diets presented higher concentrations of urea nitrogen in the serum and urinary urea excretion (P<0.05), but there was no difference between the lipid sources (P>0.05). Energy supplementation, with or without lipid addition, can be used as a strategy to increase the synthesis of the microbial protein in the cattle fed corn silage.  

Microbial protein synthesis in growing-finishing bulls estimated from the urinary excretion of purine derivatives

1998 ◽  
Vol 75 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.L De Boever ◽  
N Iantcheva ◽  
B.G Cottyn ◽  
S De Campeneere ◽  
L.O Fiems ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Urinary Excretion ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Purine Derivatives ◽  
Microbial Protein Synthesis

scholarly journals Effects of brewers’ spent grain protein hydrolysates on gas production, ruminal fermentation characteristics, microbial protein synthesis and microbial community in an artificial rumen fed a high grain diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Tao Ran ◽  
Long Jin ◽  
Ranithri Abeynayake ◽  
Atef Mohamed Saleem ◽  
Xiumin Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Microbial Community ◽  
Antioxidant Properties ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Gas Production ◽  
Protein Hydrolysates ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Spent Grain

Abstract Background Brewers’ spent grain (BSG) typically contains 20% – 29% crude protein (CP) with high concentrations of glutamine, proline and hydrophobic and non-polar amino acid, making it an ideal material for producing value-added products like bioactive peptides which have antioxidant properties. For this study, protein was extracted from BSG, hydrolyzed with 1% alcalase and flavourzyme, with the generated protein hydrolysates (AlcH and FlaH) showing antioxidant activities. This study evaluated the effects of AlcH and FlaH on gas production, ruminal fermentation characteristics, nutrient disappearance, microbial protein synthesis and microbial community using an artificial rumen system (RUSITEC) fed a high-grain diet. Results As compared to the control of grain only, supplementation of FlaH decreased (P < 0.01) disappearances of dry matter (DM), organic matter (OM), CP and starch, without affecting fibre disappearances; while AlcH had no effect on nutrient disappearance. Neither AlcH nor FlaH affected gas production or VFA profiles, however they increased (P < 0.01) NH3-N and decreased (P < 0.01) H2 production. Supplementation of FlaH decreased (P < 0.01) the percentage of CH4 in total gas and dissolved-CH4 (dCH4) in dissolved gas. Addition of monensin reduced (P < 0.01) disappearance of nutrients, improved fermentation efficiency and reduced CH4 and H2 emissions. Total microbial nitrogen production was decreased (P < 0.05) but the proportion of feed particle associated (FPA) bacteria was increased with FlaH and monensin supplementation. Numbers of OTUs and Shannon diversity indices of FPA microbial community were unaffected by AlcH and FlaH; whereas both indices were reduced (P < 0.05) by monensin. Taxonomic analysis revealed no effect of AlcH and FlaH on the relative abundance (RA) of bacteria at phylum level, whereas monensin reduced (P < 0.05) the RA of Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes and enhanced Proteobacteria. Supplementation of FlaH enhanced (P < 0.05) the RA of genus Prevotella, reduced Selenomonas, Shuttleworthia, Bifidobacterium and Dialister as compared to control; monensin reduced (P < 0.05) RA of genus Prevotella but enhaced Succinivibrio. Conclusions The supplementation of FlaH in high-grain diets may potentially protect CP and starch from ruminal degradation, without adversely affecting fibre degradation and VFA profiles. It also showed promising effects on reducing CH4 production by suppressing H2 production. Protein enzymatic hydrolysates from BSG using flavourzyme showed potential application to high value-added bio-products.

Effect of pine-based biochars with differing physiochemical properties on methane production, ruminal fermentation, and rumen microbiota in an artificial rumen (RUSITEC) fed barley silage

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-13
Author(s):  
Paul Tamayao ◽  
Gabriel O. Ribeiro ◽  
Tim A. McAllister ◽  
Kim H. Ominski ◽  
Atef M. Saleem ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Protein Synthesis ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Rumen Fermentation ◽  
Ruminal Fermentation ◽  
Microbial Protein ◽  
Rumen Microbiota ◽  
Alpha And Beta Diversity ◽  
Microbial Protein Synthesis ◽  
Barley Silage

This study investigated the effects of three pine-based biochar products on nutrient disappearance, total gas and methane (CH4) production, rumen fermentation, microbial protein synthesis, and rumen microbiota in a rumen simulation technique (RUSITEC) fed a barley-silage-based total mixed ration (TMR). Treatments consisted of 10 g TMR supplemented with no biochar (control) and three different biochars (CP016, CP024, and CP028) included at 20 g·kg−1 DM. Treatments were assigned to 16 fermenters (n = 4 per treatment) in two RUSITEC units in a randomized block design for a 17 d experimental period. Data were analyzed using MIXED procedure in SAS, with treatment and day of sampling as fixed effects and RUSITEC unit and fermenters as random effects. Biochar did not affect nutrient disappearance (P > 0.05), nor total gas or CH4, irrespective of unit of expression. The volatile fatty acid, NH3-N, total protozoa, and microbial protein synthesis were not affected by biochar inclusion (P > 0.05). Alpha and beta diversity and rumen microbiota families were not affected by biochar inclusion (P > 0.05). In conclusion, biochar did not reduce CH4 emissions nor affect nutrient disappearance, rumen fermentation, microbial protein synthesis, or rumen microbiota in the RUSITEC.

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