1626 Annual rhythms of milk, fat, and protein production in U.S. dairy cattle

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 792-792
Author(s):  
I. J. Salfer ◽  
C. D. Dechow ◽  
K. J. Harvatine
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Annual Rhythms

scholarly journals The Role of the Bovine Growth Hormone Receptor and Prolactin Receptor Genes in Milk, Fat and Protein Production in Finnish Ayrshire Dairy Cattle

Genetics ◽  
2006 ◽  
Vol 173 (4) ◽  
pp. 2151-2164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sirja Viitala ◽  
Joanna Szyda ◽  
Sarah Blott ◽  
Nina Schulman ◽  
Martin Lidauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Hormone Receptor ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Growth Hormone Receptor ◽  
Prolactin Receptor ◽  
Bovine Growth Hormone

Growth hormone response to infusion of somatostatin in dairy calves: testing its use as a diagnostic tool for genetic merit

2000 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
pp. 219-226 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. Wiener ◽  
K. D. Angus ◽  
E. McCullough ◽  
J. A. Woolliams
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Protein Production ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Test Procedure ◽  
Standard Test ◽  
Dairy Calves ◽  
Hormone Response ◽  
Genetic Merit

AbstractThis paper describes a two-part study evaluating the use of growth hormone (GH) response to infusions of somatostatin (SRIF) and GH-releasing factor (GRF) as an indicator of genetic merit in dairy cattle. The first part of the study involved the development of a standard test procedure. This was achieved in two sub-trials, the first testing three SRIF doses, 0·6, 3·0 and 15 µg/kg per h, given over an infusion length of 3 h. The second involved infusing 3·0 μg/kg per h SRIF for either 20 min, 1 h or 3 h. The GH response was measured in serum during the infusion and for 2 h following cessation, during which time a rebound response in GH occurred. As a consequence of these trials, a total of 40 British Friesian calves from two lines genetically divergent for yield traits were infused with 3·0 μg/kg per h for a period of 1 h and at the end of the infusion given 0·1 μg/kg GRF. Five hours later, GRF was administered without SRIF. The protocol was repeated on 2 days consecutively. Results suggested that calves of high merit had lower SRIF-induced baselines than their low-line contemporaries. There were no differences in the GH concentrations immediately following GRF administration, either with or without SRIF. The results from this trial, together with previously published work, indicated that calves selected for high milk fat plus milk protein production may be more sensitive to SRIF such that GH is regulated by lower concentrations of SRIF. However, the practical use of GH response to SRIF as an indicator of genetic merit for dairy cattle may be limited because of logistical difficulties in implementation.

COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF THE EVALUATION RESULTS OF HOLSTEIN BLACK-MOTLEY BREEDING BULLS BY THEIR DAUGHTERS’ PRODUCTIVITY BASED ON OFFICIAL INSTRUCTIONS AND BLUP MODEL

2020 ◽  
pp. 155-163
Author(s):  
K.ZH. ZHUMANOV ◽  
◽  
T.N. KARYMSAKOV ◽  
M.A. KINEEV ◽  
M.V. TAMAROVSKIY ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Cattle Breed ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Cattle Breeding ◽  
Lower Efficiency ◽  
Dairy Cattle Breeding ◽  
The Usa ◽  
Current Instruction ◽  
The Republic

According to the current “Instruction” used in dairy cattle selection and breeding in the Republic of Kazakhstan, bulls-producers of dairy breeds are assessed according to the their offspring quality based on the principle of “peer daughter”. This means that the phenotypic indicators of the daughters of the tested bulls are compared with the corresponding indicators of their peers. In European countries with developed dairy cattle breeding, as well as in Canada, the USA, etc., to ensure a reliable forecast of the genetic value of individuals (primarily, bulls-producers), use is made of the best linear unbiased forecast method (BLUP method). This method implies that the breeding value of producers is determined by the deviation values of the development of traits of the examined animal from its average values in the population. Especially urgent area is the research aimed at improving breeding programs, including assessing the breeding value of bulls-producers of dairy breeds using BLUP methods based on the productive qualities of the mass of dairy cattle in the Republic of Kazakhstan. The research material included the data on the phenotypic indicators of the milk productivity of first-calf cows (the amount of milk yield, the content of fat and protein in milk, the yield of milk fat and protein) of the Holstein black-motley dairy cattle breed, obtained from the information and analytical database of the Republic of Kazakhstan for 2016–2017. It was found that when evaluating according to the official “Instruction”, 16 sires out of 256 bulls (6.2%) got the stud category in 2016, 14 sires (9.2%) out of 152 bulls in 2017, and – 30 sires of 249 bulls (12.0%) over the cumulative period. The results of the conducted research prove that the use of the classic “Instructions” in dairy cattle breeding has lower efficiency (by 42.8–90.0%) as compared with the assessment of the breeding value of bulls based on the BLUP method.The selection of sire bulls into breeding groups based on the “peer daughter” methodology is not reliable enough and rather ineffective. Comparing the results of assessing the breeding qualities of sire bulls, obtianed using two methods in all compared periods (2016, 2017, 2016–2017), the authors established a clear superiority of the BLUP method over the current Instruction used in the Republic of Kazakhstan.

Milk protein polymorphism in Danish dairy cattle and the influence of genetic variants on milk yield

1990 ◽  
Vol 57 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-62 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne-Marie Bech ◽  
K. Rotvig Kristiansen
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Milk Protein ◽  
Gene Frequencies ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Milk Samples ◽  
Yield Parameters ◽  
Jersey Cows ◽  
Β Lactoglobulin ◽  
Danish Dairy

SummaryIn milk samples from 549 cows of the breeds Danish Jersey, Red Danish Dairy Cattle (RDM), and Black and White Danish Dairy Cattle (SDM) the genetic polymorphisms of the αs1, β and K-cascin and β-lactoglobulin (β-Lg) loci were determined by isoelectric focusing in agarose gels. The results of the screening were comparcd with results obtained by Larsen & Thymann (1966). In addition, the genetic linkage of the three casein loci was studied, and the association between milk protein genotypes and yields in first and second lactations of milk, fat and protein were investigated.The distribution of genotypes of all four milk protein Systems was different from breed to breed.For Jersey cows, significant differences in the gene frequencies from the results of the 1966 investigation were found for αs1 and K-casein and β-Lg. For SDM cows a change in the K-casein frequency had occurred whereas for RDM cows no changes were found.Linkage between some of the casein loci was found within ail three breeds. For the RDM breed the possible linkage between αs1-casein and the other caseins could not be tested bccause nearly ail thc cows were homozygous for the αs1-cascin-B genotypes.β-Casein genotypes were associated with yield parameters in ail breeds. The A2A2 genotype of this protein gave higher yields of milk, fat, and protein in the second lactation than thc A1A1 genotype.

317 Effect of the Whole Cottonseed with Pre-treatment on the Digestibility, Productivity, and Milk Fat Profile of Dairy Cattle

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 172-173
Author(s):  
Xiaoge Sun ◽  
Yitong Su ◽  
YangYi Hao ◽  
Gaokun Liu ◽  
Yue Gong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Mixed Alkali ◽  
Group I ◽  
Animal Feeding ◽  
Group Ii ◽  
Whole Cottonseed

Abstract To improve the efficiency of whole cottonseed (WCS) on dairy cattle, crush and alkali treatment were combined (Table 1) in this study. The gastrointestinal tract digestibility of WCS were measured by in situ ruminal incubation and in vitro fermentation, respectively. Finally, animal feeding experiment was conducted to evaluate the effect of processed WCS on dairy cattle. A total of 30 Holstein dairy cows with similar physiological status were allocated to three groups (CON, Group I, and Group II). Ration for the CON group was a basic ration with no WCS, ration with about 8% non-processed WCS was for Group I (DM basis), while the Group II was provided by the ration added with 8% Crush-Alkali (4% mixed alkali solids with NaOH/CaO ratio at 1:1) treated WCS. Results of the in situ and in vitro experiments showed that, compared with non-treated WCS, Crushing-Alkali treatment groups significantly improved WCS ruminal effective degradation rate of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), ether extract (EE), and neutral detergent fiber (NDF) (P < 0.05). Furthermore, Crush-Alkali (4% mixed alkali solids with NaOH/CaO ratio at 1:1) was the most beneficial to improve WCS gastrointestinal degradation of DM, CP and NDF, as well as enhance WCS rumen-bypass of EE. With the lowest free gossypol content (P< 0.05). Results of animal feeding experiment showed that DMI, 4% fat corrected milk production (4% FCM), milk protein, milk fat, and content of short-chain saturated fatty acids in milk in Group II significantly increased (P < 0.05) compared with CON group. DMI, ω-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in milk, and the ratio of ω-6 to ω-3 PUFA were significantly higher in Group II than that in Group I (P < 0.05). Additionally, free gossypol concentration in serum and milk, as well as parameters reflecting liver function were not notably different among the three groups (P > 0.05).

Association of prolactin polymorphism with milk fat content in Iranian Sarabi cows

2007 ◽  
Vol 2007 ◽  
pp. 160-160
Author(s):  
A. Heravi Moussavi ◽  
M.R. Nassiry ◽  
M. Tahmoores Pour ◽  
A. Javadmanesh ◽  
M.H. Sekhavati
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cattle ◽  
Candidate Gene ◽  
Milk Fat ◽  
Anterior Pituitary ◽  
Fat Content ◽  
Genetic Differences ◽  
Biological Functions ◽  
Milk Traits ◽  
Polypeptide Hormones ◽  
Prl Gene

Prolactin (PRL) is a polypeptide hormones produced by cells of the anterior pituitary. The bovine PRL gene consists of 4 introns and 5 exons, located on chromosome 23. Different biological functions of PRL were subdivided into five broad categories: reproduction, osmoregulation, growth, integument, and synergism with steroids. Also, It has been shown to be important for control of mammary growth, lactogenesis and lactation (Skinkyteet al., 2005). Chung et al, (1996) showed that PRL-RsaI locus had a significant effect on milk fat percent in dairy cattle. Therefore the PRL gene was chosen as a candidate gene for milk traits in dairy cattle. The objective of this study was to evaluate the association of genetic differences in bovine PRL gene and milk fat content in Iranian Sarabi cows.

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