1569 Effects of an extract of plant flavonoids from Citrus aurantium on performance, eating and animal behavior, ruminal health, and carcass yield in Holstein bulls fed high-concentrate diets

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 762-762
Author(s):  
M. Devant ◽  
F. J. Crespo ◽  
A. Bach ◽  
M. Paniagua
Keyword(s):  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Carcass Yield ◽  
Holstein Bulls

scholarly journals Effects of Flavonoids Extracted from Citrus aurantium on Performance, Behavior, and Rumen Gene Expression in Holstein Bulls Fed with High-Concentrate Diets in Pellet Form

Animals ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 1387
Author(s):  
Montserrat Paniagua ◽  
Francisco Javier Crespo ◽  
Anna Arís ◽  
Maria Devant
Keyword(s):  
Gene Expression ◽  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Taste Receptor ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Necrosis Factor Alpha ◽  
Rumen Epithelium ◽  
Expression Of Genes ◽  
Ruminal Epithelium ◽  
Holstein Bulls ◽  
Pellet Form

Flavonoid supplementation may modify the behavior and rumen inflammatory response of fattening bulls, and this could be related to the concentrate presentation (mash or pellet) form. In the present study, 150 Holstein bulls (183.0 ± 7.53 kg BW and 137 ± 1.8 d of age) were randomly allocated to one of eight pens and assigned to control (C) or (BF) (Citrus aurantium, Bioflavex CA, HealthTech Bio Actives, Spain, 0.4 kg per ton of concentrate of Bioflavex CA, 20% naringin). Concentrate (pellet) intake was recorded daily, and BW and animal behavior fortnightly. Animals were slaughtered after 168 d of study, and ruminal epithelium samples were collected for gene expression analyses. Treatment did not affect animal performance; however, BF supplementation reduced agonistic interactions and oral non-nutritive behaviors and increased the time devoted to eating concentrate and ruminating activity (p < 0.05). The gene expression of some genes in the rumen epithelium was greater or tended to be greater in BF than C bulls (bitter taste receptor 16, cytokine IL-25, β-defensin; p < 0.10; pancreatic polypeptide receptor 1 and tumor necrosis factor alpha; p < 0.05). In conclusion, flavonoid supplementation modifies the expression of genes in the rumen epithelium that could be related to inflammation and animal behavior modulation.

209 The Effect of Waiting Time at the Lairage of Slaughterhouse of Holstein Bulls After a Short Transport on Animal Behavior, Carcass Quality and Meat Quality

2021 ◽  
Vol 99 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 110-111
Author(s):  
Denise Sanchez ◽  
Joel Gonzalez ◽  
Guillem de Planell ◽  
Eliseu Isla ◽  
Sara Bover ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Waiting Time ◽  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Mixed Models ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Lumbar Vertebra ◽  
Color Stability ◽  
Instrumental Color ◽  
Holstein Bulls ◽  
Meat Ph

Abstract The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of waiting time at the lairage before slaughter in Holstein bulls after a short transport. Half of the bulls of each transport (n = 8 transports; n = 48 ± 4 bulls/transport) were distributed in two treatments: short waiting time (SWT; &lt; 2h; n = 200) and long waiting time (LWT; from 4 to 8h; n = 184). Behavior of LWT animals was observed with a 15 min scan sampling at the lairage pens. Hot carcass weight (HCW), conformation, fatness and pH in Longissimus dorsi (LD) at the 4th-5th lumbar vertebra between 30 and 36 h postmortem was registered. A caudal section of LD was collected for meat quality evaluation in a subset of 24 animals selected based on HCW and meat pH. Each loin was cut in 5 slices, one to determine instrumental color after 30 min blooming, and the others were disposed to evaluate microbiology (1, 5, 8 and 12 d) and color stability (1 to 12 d). Data were analyzed using mixed models with repeated measures. The percentage of animals standing with LWT treatment decreased (P &lt; 0.001) with waiting time (100% and 64%, 1 h and 6 h, respectively). Meat pH was greater (P &lt; 0.01) for SWT (5.6 ± 0.02) compared with LWT (5.5 ± 0.02); however, the percentage of carcass classified as DFD (pH &gt; 5.7) did not differ between treatments. Lightness (L*) was greater (P &lt; 0.05) for SWT (29.7 ± 0.47) compared with LWT (28.1 ± 0.49). Moreover, on day 12 color stability and enterobacteria count evolved differently (P = 0.09) between treatments. Waiting time below 2 h might impair meat quality as animals might not be able to recover from transport.

scholarly journals 417 Citrus aurantium flavonoid extract modifies the gene expression in the rumen of genes related to inflammation and behavior in Holstein bulls fed high-concentrate diets

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. 168-168
Author(s):  
Montserrat Paniagua ◽  
Javier F Crespo ◽  
Anna Aris ◽  
Maria Devant
Keyword(s):  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Sexual Behaviors ◽  
Bitter Taste ◽  
Taste Receptor ◽  
Citrus Aurantium ◽  
Cholecystokinin Receptor ◽  
Serotonin Secretion ◽  
Citrus Flavonoids ◽  
And Behavior ◽  
Three Space

Abstract One hundred forty-four bulls (164.8 ± 5.91 kg BW and 135 ± 7.2 d of age) were randomly allocated to one of 8 pens and assigned to control (C) or Citrus aurantium (BF, 0.4 kg of Bioflavex® CA per ton of concentrate). Each pen had one drinker, one separate straw feeder, and one three-space feeder where mash concentrate rich in corn, barley, DDG and wheat was offered. Concentrate intake was recorded daily, and BW and animal behavior by visual scan fortnightly. Animals were slaughtered after 168 d of study (12 periods of 14 d), HCW and carcass quality were recorded. Rumen wall samples were collected from 18 animals per treatment to analyze the expression of 15 genes associated with inflammation and behavior. Data were analyzed with ANOVA. In the rumen, the expression of free fatty acid receptor 2 (stimulates PPY and serotonin secretion), pancreatic polypeptide receptor 1 (acts asNPY and PYY receptor), cholecystokinin receptor 4 (is a CCK and gastrin receptor), Toll-like receptor-4 (pattern recognition receptor), IL-25 (proinflammatory cytokine) and β-defensin1 (antimicrobial peptide) were greater (P &lt; 0.05) in C compared with BF bulls (P &lt; 0.05). Moreover, the expression of all bitter taste receptors (TAS2R, member 7, 16, 38 and 39) which are related with eating modulation and immune function were lesser (P &lt; 0.05) expressed in BF compared with C bulls (P &lt; 0.05). The supplementation with citrus flavonoids in these bulls fed high-concentrate diets tended (P &lt; 0.10) to improve concentrate efficiency, reduced oral non-nutritive behaviors, agonistic interactions and sexual behaviors. The reduction on TAS2R expression is indicative of an inhibition of bitter taste receptor function by BF and the expression increase in the other genes could explain the changes observed on animal behavior within the gut-brain axis paradigm.

Facet Theory

1998 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ruth Guttman ◽  
Charles W. Greenbaum
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Animal Behavior ◽  
Infant Development ◽  
Facet Theory ◽  
Structural Relationships ◽  
Future Challenges ◽  
Spatial Configurations ◽  
Multidimensional Methods ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Scalogram Analysis

This article gives an overview of Facet Theory, a systematic approach to facilitating theory construction, research design, and data analysis for complex studies, that is particularly appropriate to the behavioral and social sciences. Facet Theory is based on (1) a definitional framework for a universe of observations in the area of study; (2) empirical structures of observations within this framework; (3) a search for correspondence between the definitional system and aspects of the empirical structure for the observations. The development of Facet Theory and Facet Design is reviewed from early scale analysis and the Guttman Scale, leading to the concepts of “mapping sentence,” “universe of content,” “common range,” “content facets,” and nonmetric multidimensional methods of data analysis. In Facet Theory, the definition of the behavioral domain provides a rationale for hypothesizing structural relationships among variables employed in a study. Examples are presented from various areas of research (intelligence, infant development, animal behavior, etc.) to illustrate the methods and results of structural analysis with Smallest Space Analysis (SSA), Multidimensional Scalogram Analysis (MSA), and Partial Order Scalogram Analysis (POSA). The “radex” and “cylindrex” of intelligence tests are shown to be outstanding examples of predicted spatial configurations that have demonstrated the ubiquitous emergence of the same empirical structures in different studies. Further examples are given from studies of spatial abilities, infant development, animal behavior, and others. The use of Facet Theory, with careful construction of theory and design, is shown to provide new insights into existing data; it allows for the diagnosis and discrimination of behavioral traits and makes the generalizability and replication of findings possible, which in turn makes possible the discovery of lawfulness. Achievements, issues, and future challenges of Facet Theory are discussed.

Review of Unravelling animal behavior.

1996 ◽  
Vol 41 (2) ◽  
pp. 187-187
Author(s):  
Donald A. Dewsbury
Keyword(s):  
Animal Behavior
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