1145 Plasma concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1 and 2 in calves fed calf starters containing lactose

2016 ◽  
Vol 94 (suppl_5) ◽  
pp. 549-550
Author(s):  
Y. Inabu ◽  
A. Saegusa ◽  
K. Inouchi ◽  
M. Oba ◽  
T. Sugino
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Differences in the Postprandial Release of Appetite-Related Hormones Between Active and Inactive Men

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (6) ◽  
pp. 602-610
Author(s):  
Linn Bøhler ◽  
Sílvia Ribeiro Coutinho ◽  
Jens F. Rehfeld ◽  
Linda Morgan ◽  
Catia Martins
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentration ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Random Order ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Low Energy ◽  
Adult Males ◽  
Appetite Control ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Active, as opposed to inactive, individuals are able to adjust their energy intake after preloads of different energy contents. The mechanisms responsible for this remain unknown. This study examined differences in plasma concentration of appetite-related hormones in response to breakfasts of different energy contents, between active and inactive men. Sixteen healthy nonobese (body mass index = 18.5–27 kg/m2) adult males (nine active and seven inactive) participated in this study. Participants were given a high-energy (570 kcal) or a low-energy (205 kcal) breakfast in a random order. Subjective feelings of appetite and plasma concentrations of active ghrelin, active glucagon-like peptide-1, total peptide YY (PYY), cholecystokinin, and insulin were measured in fasting and every 30 min up to 2.5 hr, in response to both breakfasts. Mixed analysis of variance (fat mass [in percentage] as a covariate) revealed a higher concentration of active ghrelin and lower concentration of glucagon-like peptide-1, and cholecystokinin after the low-energy breakfast (p < .001 for all). Postprandial concentration of PYY was greater after the high energy compared with the low energy, but for inactive participants only (p = .014). Active participants had lower postprandial concentrations of insulin than inactive participants (p < .001). Differences in postprandial insulin between breakfasts were significantly lower in active compared with inactive participants (p < .001). Physical activity seems to modulate the postprandial plasma concentration of insulin and PYY after the intake of breakfasts of different energy contents, and that may contribute, at least partially, to the differences in short-term appetite control between active and inactive individuals.

Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 and ghrelin on liver metabolites in steers

2014 ◽  
Vol 54 (10) ◽  
pp. 1732 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. El-Sabagh ◽  
D. Taniguchi ◽  
T. Sugino ◽  
T. Obitsu ◽  
K. Taniguchi
Keyword(s):  
Growth Hormone ◽  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Latin Square ◽  
Multivariate Statistical ◽  
Flight Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Nutrient Partitioning ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Regulatory Effects

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and ghrelin have opposite regulatory effects on glucose metabolism in non-ruminants. However, mechanisms by which GLP-1 and ghrelin regulate nutrient partitioning, particularly in the liver, have been much less demonstrated in ruminants. A novel metabolomic method based on capillary electrophoresis time-of-flight mass spectrometry (CE-TOFMS) combined with multivariate statistical analysis was applied to address the GLP-1 and ghrelin-induced metabolic changes in the liver of steers. Three Holstein steers (400 ± 5.0 kg LW) fed a maintenance diet according to Japanese feeding standards were randomly assigned to three treatments (GLP-1, ghrelin and saline) in a 3 × 3 Latin square design with one week apart. Liver biopsies were taken 30 min after a single injection (1.0 μg/kg LW) of GLP-1 or ghrelin, and analysed for metabolites by Agilent CE-TOFMS system. Also, blood samples were collected for plasma hormones analysis. Results indicated that 20 and 10 liver metabolites were altered (P < 0.05) by GLP-1 and ghrelin, respectively. Pathway analysis showed that GLP-1 is involved in biochemical pathways related to glycolysis/gluconeogenesis, lipogenesis and lipid export from the liver, oxidative stress defence and protein turnover. Ghrelin was shown to be involved in pathways related to glycolysis, protein anabolism and phospholipid biosynthesis. However, plasma concentrations of insulin, growth hormone and glucagon did not differ between treatments. These results imply that GLP-1 and ghrelin are involved in multibiochemical pathways that go beyond simply regulating glucose metabolism. In addition, the effects of GLP-1 and ghrelin may potentially be independent of insulin and growth hormone, respectively.

Effects of truncated glucagon-like peptide-1 on the responses of starved sheep to glucose

1991 ◽  
Vol 129 (1) ◽  
pp. 55-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Faulkner ◽  
H. T. Pollock
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Insulin ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Amino Nitrogen ◽  
Insulin Response ◽  
Not Given ◽  
Glucose Load ◽  
Glucose Administration ◽  
Gut Hormone ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

ABSTRACT The effects of i.v. glucagon-like peptide-1-(7–36)amide (GLP-1; 10 μg) on starved sheep given an i.v. glucose load (5 g) were studied. Plasma insulin concentrations rose significantly more after glucose administration in fed than in starved sheep. Giving GLP-1 to starved sheep increased the insulin response to the glucose load. The rise in plasma insulin concentrations in starved sheep given GLP-1 was similar to that observed in fed sheep. Plasma glucose concentrations returned to normal values more quickly in the starved sheep given GLP-1 than in starved sheep not given gut hormone. Plasma concentrations of free fatty acid, urea and α-amino nitrogen decreased more quickly following glucose administration in starved sheep given GLP-1 than in those not given GLP-1. The data suggest a role for GLP-1 in regulating plasma insulin concentrations and hence metabolism in ruminant animals. The possible role of gut hormones in ruminants is discussed. Journal of Endocrinology (1991) 129, 55–58

scholarly journals Plasma Peptide Concentrations and Peptide-Reactive Immunoglobulins in Patients with Eating Disorders at Inclusion in the French EDILS Cohort (Eating Disorders Inventory and Longitudinal Survey)

Nutrients ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 522
Author(s):  
Marie Galmiche ◽  
Nicolas Lucas ◽  
Pierre Déchelotte ◽  
Camille Deroissart ◽  
Marie-Anne Le Solliec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Body Mass Index ◽  
Eating Disorders ◽  
Peptide Yy ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Longitudinal Survey ◽  
Melanocyte Stimulating Hormone ◽  
Eating Disorders Inventory ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Acyl Ghrelin

Eating disorders (EDs) are increasingly frequent. Their pathophysiology involves disturbance of peptide signaling and the microbiota–gut–brain axis. This study analyzed peptides and corresponding immunoglobulin (Ig) concentrations in groups of ED. In 120 patients with restrictive (R), bulimic (B), and compulsive (C) ED, the plasma concentrations of leptin, glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1), peptide YY (PYY), and insulin were analyzed by Milliplex and those of acyl ghrelin (AG), des-acyl ghrelin (DAG), and α-melanocyte-stimulating hormone (α-MSH) by ELISA kits. Immunoglobulin G (in response to an antigen) concentrations were analyzed by ELISA, and their affinity for the respective peptide was measured by surface plasmon resonance. The concentrations of leptin, insulin, GLP-1, and PYY were higher in C patients than in R patients. On the contrary, α-MSH, DAG, and AG concentrations were higher in R than in C patients. After adjustment for body mass index (BMI), differences among peptide concentrations were no longer different. No difference in the concentrations of the IgG was found, but the IgG concentrations were correlated with each other. Although differences of peptide concentrations exist among ED subtypes, they may be due to differences in BMI. Changes in the concentration and/or affinity of several anti-peptide IgG may contribute to the physiopathology of ED or may be related to fat mass.

The glucagon-like peptide-1 metabolite GLP-1-(9–36) amide reduces postprandial glycemia independently of gastric emptying and insulin secretion in humans

2006 ◽  
Vol 290 (6) ◽  
pp. E1118-E1123 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juris J. Meier ◽  
Arnica Gethmann ◽  
Michael A. Nauck ◽  
Oliver Götze ◽  
Frank Schmitz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gastric Emptying ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Glucagon Secretion ◽  
Postprandial Glucose ◽  
Glucose Disposal ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Postprandial Glycemia ◽  
Insulin And Glucagon Secretion ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) lowers glycemia by modulating gastric emptying and endocrine pancreatic secretion. Rapidly after its secretion, GLP-1-(7–36) amide is degraded to the metabolite GLP-1-(9–36) amide. The effects of GLP-1-(9–36) amide in humans are less well characterized. Fourteen healthy volunteers were studied with intravenous infusion of GLP-1-(7–36) amide, GLP-1-(9–36) amide, or placebo over 390 min. After 30 min, a solid test meal was served, and gastric emptying was assessed. Blood was drawn for GLP-1 (total and intact), glucose, insulin, C-peptide, and glucagon measurements. Administration of GLP-1-(7–36) amide and GLP-1-(9–36) amide significantly raised total GLP-1 plasma levels. Plasma concentrations of intact GLP-1 increased to 21 ± 5 pmol/l during the infusion of GLP-1-(7–36) amide but remained unchanged during GLP-1-(9–36) amide infusion [5 ± 3 pmol/l; P < 0.001 vs. GLP-1-(7–36) amide administration]. GLP-1-(7–36) amide reduced fasting and postprandial glucose concentrations ( P < 0.001) and delayed gastric emptying ( P < 0.001). The GLP-1 metabolite had no influence on insulin or C-peptide concentrations. Glucagon levels were lowered by GLP-1-(7–36) amide but not by GLP-1-(9–36) amide. However, the postprandial rise in glycemia was reduced significantly (by ∼6 mg/dl) by GLP-1-(9–36) amide ( P < 0.05). In contrast, gastric emptying was completely unaffected by the GLP-1 metabolite. The GLP-1 metabolite lowers postprandial glycemia independently of changes in insulin and glucagon secretion or in the rate of gastric emptying. Most likely, this is because of direct effects on glucose disposal. However, the glucose-lowering potential of GLP-1-(9–36) amide appears to be small compared with that of intact GLP-1-(7–36) amide.

scholarly journals Plasma concentrations of glucagon-like peptide 1 and 2 in calves fed calf starters containing lactose

2017 ◽  
Vol 100 (11) ◽  
pp. 9361-9371 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Inabu ◽  
A. Saegusa ◽  
K. Inouchi ◽  
S. Koike ◽  
M. Oba ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1

Plasma glucagon-like peptide-1 responses to ingestion of protein with increasing doses of milk minerals rich in calcium

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-25
Author(s):  
Jonathan D Watkins ◽  
Harry A Smith ◽  
Aaron Hengist ◽  
Lise Høj Brunsgaard ◽  
Ulla Ramer Mikkelsen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Whey Protein ◽  
Energy Intake ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Whey Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Milk Minerals

Abstract A high dose of whey protein hydrolysate fed with milk minerals rich in calcium (Capolac®) results in enhanced glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) concentrations in lean individuals, however the effect of different calcium doses ingested alongside protein is unknown. The present study assessed the dose response of calcium fed alongside 25 g whey protein hydrolysate on GLP-1 concentrations in individuals with overweight/obesity. Eighteen adults (mean ± SD: 8M/10F, 34 ± 18 years, 28.2 ± 2.9 kg∙m−2) completed 4 trials in a randomised, double-blind, crossover design. Participants consumed test solutions consisting of 25 g whey protein hydrolysate (CON), supplemented with 3179 mg (LOW), 6363 mg (MED), or 9547 mg (HIGH) Capolac® on different occasions, separated by at least 48 hours. The calcium content of test solutions equated to 65, 892, 1719 and 2547 mg, respectively. Arterialised-venous blood was sampled over 180 min to determine plasma concentrations of GLP-1TOTAL, GLP-17-36amide, insulin, glucose, non-esterified fatty acids (NEFA), and serum concentrations of calcium and albumin. Ad libitum energy intake was measured at 180 min. Time-averaged incremental area under the curve (iAUC) for GLP-1TOTAL (pmol·L−1·min−1) did not differ between CON (23 ± 4), LOW (25 ± 6), MED (24 ± 5), and HIGH (24 ± 6). Energy intake (kcal) did not differ between CON (940 ± 387), LOW (884 ± 345), MED (920 ± 334), and HIGH (973 ± 390). Co-ingestion of whey protein hydrolysate with Capolac® does not potentiate GLP-1 release in comparison to whey protein hydrolysate alone. The study was registered at clinical trials (NCT03819972).

scholarly journals Elevated basal and post-feed glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) concentrations in the neonatal period

2009 ◽  
Vol 160 (1) ◽  
pp. 53-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raja Padidela ◽  
Michael Patterson ◽  
Nawfal Sharief ◽  
Mohammed Ghatei ◽  
Khalid Hussain
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Period ◽  
Plasma Concentrations ◽  
Cell Mass ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Β Cell ◽  
Reverse Phase ◽  
Chromatography Analysis ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide ◽  
Glucagon Like Peptide 1 ◽  
Design And Methods

BackgroundGlucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) is an incretin hormone that stimulates glucose-induced insulin secretion, increases β-cell proliferation, neogenesis and β-cell mass. In adults, plasma concentrations of amidated GLP-1 are typically within the 5–10 pmol/l range in the fasting state and increases to ∼50 pmol/l after ingestion of a mixed meal.Research design and methodsWe measured plasma glucose, insulin and amidated forms of GLP-1 prefeed and then at 20 and 60 min post-feed following ingestion of a 60–70 ml of standard milk feed in preterm (n=10, 34–37 weeks) and term newborn infants (n=12, 37–42 weeks). Reverse-phase fast protein liquid chromatography was used to characterise the molecular nature of the circulating GLP-1.ResultsMean birth weight was 3.18 kg and mean age at sampling for GLP-1 was 7.7 days. The mean basal GLP-1 concentration was 79.1 pmol/l, which increased to 156.6 pmol/l (±70.9, P<0.001) and 121.5 pmol/l (±59.2) at 20 and 60 min respectively. Reverse-phase chromatography analysis suggested that the majority of GLP-1 immunoreactivity (>75%) represented GLP-1 (7–36) amide and (9–36) amide.ConclusionsBasal and post-feed amidated GLP-1 concentrations in neonates are grossly raised with the major fractions of circulating GLP-1 being (7–36) amide and (9–36) amide. Elevated GLP-1 concentrations in the newborn period may have a role in regulating maturation of enteroendocrine system and also of increasing pancreatic β-cell mass and regeneration. The high levels of GLP-1 may be due to immaturity of the dipeptidyl peptidase IV and or lower glomerular filtration rate in the neonatal period. Further studies are required to understand the role of GLP-1 in the neonatal period.

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