331 The genetic improvement of feed efficiency in beef cattle

2017 ◽  
Vol 95 (suppl_2) ◽  
pp. 161-161 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. F. Taylor ◽  
J. E. Beever ◽  
J. E. Decker ◽  
H. C. Freetly ◽  
D. J. Garrick ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Genetic Improvement

Endocannabinoid concentrations in plasma during the finishing period are associated with feed efficiency and carcass composition of beef cattle

2017 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
pp. 0
Author(s):  
V. M. Artegoitia ◽  
A. P. Foote ◽  
R. G. Tait ◽  
L. A. Kuehn ◽  
R. M. Lewis ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Carcass Composition

scholarly journals RAPID COMMUNICATION: Residual feed intake in beef cattle is associated with differences in protein turnover and nutrient transporters in ruminal epithelium

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (5) ◽  
pp. 2181-2187
Author(s):  
Ahmed A Elolimy ◽  
Emad Abdel-Hamied ◽  
Liangyu Hu ◽  
Joshua C McCann ◽  
Daniel W Shike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Protein Degradation ◽  
Insulin Signaling ◽  
Feed Intake ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Protein Turnover ◽  
Residual Feed Intake ◽  
Ubiquitin Proteasome ◽  
Ruminal Epithelium

Abstract Residual feed intake (RFI) is a widely used measure of feed efficiency in cattle. Although the precise biologic mechanisms associated with improved feed efficiency are not well-known, most-efficient steers (i.e., with low RFI coefficient) downregulate abundance of proteins controlling protein degradation in skeletal muscle. Whether cellular mechanisms controlling protein turnover in ruminal tissue differ by RFI classification is unknown. The aim was to investigate associations between RFI and signaling through the mechanistic target of rapamycin (MTOR) and ubiquitin-proteasome pathways in ruminal epithelium. One hundred and forty-nine Red Angus cattle were allocated to 3 contemporary groups according to sex and herd origin. Animals were offered a finishing diet for 70 d to calculate the RFI coefficient for each. Within each group, the 2 most-efficient (n = 6) and least-efficient animals (n = 6) were selected. Compared with least-efficient animals, the most-efficient animals consumed less feed (P < 0.05; 18.36 vs. 23.39 kg/d DMI). At day 70, plasma samples were collected for insulin concentration analysis. Ruminal epithelium was collected immediately after slaughter to determine abundance and phosphorylation status of 29 proteins associated with MTOR, ubiquitin-proteasome, insulin signaling, and glucose and amino acid transport. Among the proteins involved in cellular protein synthesis, most-efficient animals had lower (P ≤ 0.05) abundance of MTOR, p-MTOR, RPS6KB1, EIF2A, EEF2K, AKT1, and RPS6KB1, whereas MAPK3 tended (P = 0.07) to be lower. In contrast, abundance of p-EEF2K, p-EEF2K:EEF2K, and p-EIF2A:EIF2A in most-efficient animals was greater (P ≤ 0.05). Among proteins catalyzing steps required for protein degradation, the abundance of UBA1, NEDD4, and STUB1 was lower (P ≤ 0.05) and MDM2 tended (P = 0.06) to be lower in most-efficient cattle. Plasma insulin and ruminal epithelium insulin signaling proteins did not differ (P > 0.05) between RFI groups. However, abundance of the insulin-responsive glucose transporter SLC2A4 and the amino acid transporters SLC1A3 and SLC1A5 also was lower (P ≤ 0.05) in most-efficient cattle. Overall, the data indicate that differences in signaling mechanisms controlling protein turnover and nutrient transport in ruminal epithelium are components of feed efficiency in beef cattle.

scholarly journals Reducing GHG emissions through genetic improvement for feed efficiency: effects on economically important traits and enteric methane production

animal ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. 303-315 ◽  
Author(s):  
J.A. Basarab ◽  
K.A. Beauchemin ◽  
V.S. Baron ◽  
K.H. Ominski ◽  
L.L. Guan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Methane Production ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Ghg Emissions ◽  
Enteric Methane ◽  
Efficiency Effects

scholarly journals Review: Biological determinants of between-animal variation in feed efficiency of growing beef cattle

animal ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
pp. s321-s335 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. Cantalapiedra-Hijar ◽  
M. Abo-Ismail ◽  
G.E. Carstens ◽  
L.L. Guan ◽  
R. Hegarty ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Biological Determinants

Reducing the cost of beef production through the genetic improvement of net feed efficiency

1998 ◽  
Vol 1998 ◽  
pp. 45-45
Author(s):  
R.M. Herd ◽  
J.A. Archer ◽  
P.F. Arthur ◽  
E.C. Richardson
Keyword(s):  
Feed Efficiency ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Growth Efficiency ◽  
Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion Ratio ◽  
Feed Conversion ◽  
Selection For ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Animal Production Systems

Feed is the single largest cost in most animal production systems. Feed conversion ratio (FCR) is a commonly used measure of growth efficiency. Previous research has shown that FCR is moderately heritable and highly related to growth rate. While selection for FCR is beneficial to those feeding growing cattle for slaughter, any associated increase in the size of breeding females will mean this benefit will be at a cost to the calf breeder, as larger breeding cows require more feed.

A new genetic evaluation system for pedigree beef cattle in great britain

1992 ◽  
Vol 1992 ◽  
pp. 200-200
Author(s):  
J.G.E. Bryan ◽  
N.R. Wray ◽  
R. Crump ◽  
D.G. Nicholson ◽  
R. Thompson
Keyword(s):  
Great Britain ◽  
Beef Cattle ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Genetic Improvement ◽  
Herd Size ◽  
Genetic Progress ◽  
Selection Decisions ◽  
Speed Up ◽  
Beef Herd ◽  
Analysis Of Performance

The need to speed up the rate of genetic progress in beef cattle, particularly in economically significant traits such as growth and carcase merit has always been recognised by the Meat and Livestock Commission. This is achieved through the Beefbreeder Pedigree Recording Service which records over 1,000 pedigree herds in Great Britain. Traditionally, analysis of performance records from pedigree herds has been carried out using within herd contemporary comparisons.Average pedigree beef herd size in Great Britain is typically less than 20 cows which limits accuracy and scope for genetic improvement when making within herd selection decisions.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document