Inheritance of fecal egg count and packed cell volume and their relationship with production traits in sheep infected with Haemonchus contortus1

2004 ◽  
Vol 82 (6) ◽  
pp. 1602-1611 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. B. Vanimisetti ◽  
S. L. Andrew ◽  
A. M. Zajac ◽  
D. R. Notter
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Fecal Egg Count

Estimates of genetic and phenotypic parameters for production, haematological and gastrointestinal nematode-associated traits in Australian cashmere goats

2011 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 123 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. E. Olayemi ◽  
S. Bolormaa ◽  
J. H. J. van der Werf ◽  
N. Baillie ◽  
L. F. Le Jambre ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Natural Infection ◽  
Genetic Correlations ◽  
Gastrointestinal Nematode ◽  
Production Traits ◽  
Female Progeny ◽  
Phenotypic Marker ◽  
Cashmere Goats

The present study was designed to estimate genetic parameters of 17 production, parasite-associated and haematological traits in Australian cashmere goats. It comprised 796 records of female progeny of 532 dams sired by 29 bucks over a 4-year period. Measurement of haematological and parasite-associated traits was carried out on female kids during low-level natural gastrointestinal nematode challenge at 3 and 5 months of age and at 28 and/or 35 days after artificial challenge with 10 000 infective larvae of Trichostrongylus colubriformis administered 1 week after the 5-month measurement. Production traits were measured up to 18 months of age. Year of birth significantly affected all traits apart from cashmere diameter (CSD). Twin kids had significantly lower liveweight (up to 10 months), packed cell volume and mean corpuscular volume (at 3 and 5 months) but higher specific IgG levels and mean corpuscular haemoglobin content at 3 months. Paddock of birth and early rearing and its interaction with year of birth had significant effects on worm egg count (WEC) during natural challenge, on IgG at both natural and post-artificial challenge measurements and on liveweight at early ages. The level of gastrointestinal nematode challenge in the nine different paddocks clearly influenced both WEC and IgG during natural and subsequent artificial challenge. Maternal permanent environmental effects were important only for liveweights at 3 month of age and for IgG at 5 months of age. For other traits, a simple animal model without maternal permanent environmental effects gave the best fit. Estimates of heritability (h2) of WEC and IgG were low (0.06–0.22) with the highest h2 estimates occurring after 5 months of natural infection or 35 days after artificial challenge. The majority of fleece traits were moderately to highly heritable, ranging from 0.38 to 0.78. The h2 estimates for mean fibre curvature are novel for cashmere goats and were moderate, varying from 0.32 to 0.48. Heritability estimates for erythrocyte traits were uniformly high (0.49–0.98) while those for leukocyte traits varied from low to moderate (0.09–0.43). Strong genetic and phenotypic correlations existed between major production traits. Due to the comparatively small dataset, the standard errors of genetic correlations were relatively high. CSD was positively correlated with cashmere weight and yield, an unfavourable direction. CSD was negatively correlated with fibre curvature, indicating that animals producing finer fibres produce cashmere with a higher crimp count. No phenotypic relationships were observed between WEC and fleece traits. Liveweight was weakly but negatively correlated with WEC and circulating neutrophils, while it was positively associated with eosinophils, lymphocytes and packed cell volume. This study has shown that selection for increased resistance to gastrointestinal nematode infection cashmere goats is possible but progress will be slow. WEC should remain the phenotypic marker of choice and the additional cost of alternative measures of resistance is not justified. Many of the parasite-associated traits appear to under independent genetic control.

Association between major histocompatibility complex microsatellites, fecal egg count, blood packed cell volume and blood eosinophilia in Pelibuey sheep infected with Haemonchus contortus

2011 ◽  
Vol 177 (3-4) ◽  
pp. 339-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juan Antonio Figueroa Castillo ◽  
Rubén Danilo Méndez Medina ◽  
José Manuel Berruecos Villalobos ◽  
Amanda Gayosso-Vázquez ◽  
Raúl Ulloa-Arvízu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Major Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Haemonchus Contortus ◽  
Major Histocompatibility ◽  
Blood Eosinophilia ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Histocompatibility Complex ◽  
Pelibuey Sheep

scholarly journals Iceberg Indicators for Animal Welfare in Rural Sheep Farms Using the Five Domains Model Approach

Animals ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2273
Author(s):  
Rick Obrian Hernandez ◽  
Jorge Alberto Sánchez ◽  
Marlyn H. Romero
Keyword(s):  
Job Satisfaction ◽  
Animal Welfare ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Body Condition Score ◽  
Structured Interview ◽  
Flight Distance ◽  
Qualitative Behavior ◽  
Fecal Egg Count ◽  
Model Approach

Animal welfare for sheep in extensive rural farms is difficult to quantify among rural farmers due to several factors, including the lack of technology and the low level of interaction they have with the animals. The purpose of this study was to search for animal-based iceberg indicators using the Five Domains Model approach and study the relationship between sheep reactive behavior (flight distance), sheep handling training and farmers job satisfaction. Thirteen extensive commercial dual-purpose sheep farms (n = 520 animals) were evaluated in Marulanda, Caldas (Colombia, South America). On-farm Animal Welfare Indicators (AWIN) were assessed using an adapted version of this protocol. Socio-demographic characteristics, sheep handling training and job satisfaction were evaluated using a structured interview. Blood and stool samples were taken to determine Fecal Egg Count and Packed Cell Volume. Bivariate regression models were used to find animal-based indicators that predicted Nutrition, Ambience, Health and Behavior welfare domains, and a Qualitative Behavior Analysis was used for mind state domain analysis. Body condition score (BCS) (p = 0.001), fleece cleanliness (p = 0.03), FAMACHA© Score (p = 0.05), and flight distance in meters (p = 0.19) were found to be indicators, and were useful for predicting overall welfare assessment (R2 = 0.85) on theses farms. Regarding mind welfare domain, Qualitative Behavioral Assessment found two principal components (PC) that explained 82% and 67% of the variance, and described emotional valence and energy levels of sheep, respectively. Sheep handling training (β = −8.75, p = 0.004) and job satisfaction (β = −7.5, p = 0.013) had a negative association with the average flock flight distance. Spearman’s rank correlations were significant (p < 0.001) between Fecal Egg Count, Packed Cell Volume, FAMACHA© Score (FS), Body Weight (BW) and, BCS. The strongest association was observed between Packed Cell Volume (PCV) and Fecal Egg Count (FEC) (r = −0.43), also FS was correlated with PCV (r = −0.28) and FEC (r = 0.21), and BCS was correlated with weight (r = 0.32). We suggest that these animal-based indicators could be useful as iceberg indicators for extensive sheep production systems and may set the ground for more research in small extensive sheep farms to develop strategies to find welfare problems and solutions.

scholarly journals 197 Utilization of Katahdin rams with lower fecal egg count estimated breeding values improves parasite resistance and fitness traits of progeny

2019 ◽  
Vol 97 (Supplement_1) ◽  
pp. 78-78
Author(s):  
Andrew R Weaver ◽  
Donald L Wright ◽  
Scott P Greiner ◽  
Scott A Bowdridge
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Mixed Model ◽  
Genetic Selection ◽  
Breeding Value ◽  
Parasite Resistance ◽  
Internal Parasite ◽  
Fecal Egg Count

Abstract Genetic selection for internal parasite resistance in sheep is a valuable tool to mitigate effects of parasitism especially when significant within breed variability exists. To better understand the mechanism underpinning this variability, a divergent mating scheme was established. Katahdin rams (n = 4) were selected based on their estimated breeding value (EBV) for fecal egg count (FEC) and grouped as numerically high (HiFEC; n = 2) or low (LoFEC; n = 2). Rams were randomly mated to Katahdin ewes at the Southwest Virginia Agriculture Research and Extension Center. Lambs were born mid-March and managed as one group, then weaned in mid-June. Lambs were transported to the WVU Animal Sciences Farm where they were randomly allocated to four pens with even distribution of sire and sex. All lambs (n = 109) were infected with 10,000 H. contortus L3 and the infection persisted for 5 weeks. Weights, FEC, and packed cell volume (PCV) were collected weekly. Statistical analysis was performed using the Mixed Model procedure and repeated measures in SAS with fixed effects of sire group. Weaning FEC was numerically greater for HiFEC-sired lambs vs. LoFEC-sired lambs (2914 vs. 1821 eggs/g; respectively). However, death loss for HiFEC-sired lambs tended to be almost twice that of LoFEC-sired lambs (20% vs. 11%, P = 0.09; respectively). Weaning weights did not differ. Fecal egg count from the prepatent to patent period was greater in HiFEC vs. LoFEC-sired lambs (210 vs. 34 eggs/g; P = 0.05). Packed cell volume was numerically lower in HiFEC-sired lambs. There were no differences in post-weaning growth, ultrasound fat thickness, or loin depth in lambs from divergent sire groups. These data indicate that utilizing LoFEC EBV sires reduces FEC and improves disease resistance in progeny without affecting growth or carcass traits

Clinical Features of Epistaxis in Dogs: A Retrospective Study of 35 Cases (1999–2002)

2005 ◽  
Vol 41 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-184 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jennifer L. Strasser ◽  
Eleanor C. Hawkins
Keyword(s):  
Retrospective Study ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Clinical Features ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Systemic Disease ◽  
Facial Deformity

Epistaxis was retrospectively evaluated in 35 dogs. Systemic disease was diagnosed in seven dogs and intranasal disease in 29. Nineteen dogs with intranasal disease had neoplasia. Dogs with neoplasia were older (mean 10.0 years) than dogs with nonneoplastic intranasal disease (mean 5.6 years). Signs persisting for &gt;1 month occurred more often in dogs with intranasal than systemic disease. Unilateral epistaxis did not distinguish intranasal from systemic disease. Only dogs with intranasal disease had facial deformity, decreased airflow, or regional sub-mandibular lymphadenopathy. Dogs with systemic disease had a lower packed cell volume (mean 31.8%) than dogs with intranasal disease (mean 42.7%).

scholarly journals Impact of parity and gestational age of mothers with hypertension on birth weight, red blood cells and mode of delivery of their babies

1970 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
pp. 3038-3044
Author(s):  
Helen Chioma Okoye ◽  
Chilota Chibuife Efobi ◽  
Josephat Maduabuchi Chinawa ◽  
Odutola Israel Odetunde ◽  
Awoere Tamunosiki Chinawa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Birth Weight ◽  
Red Blood Cells ◽  
Cell Volume ◽  
Gestational Age ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Blood Cells ◽  
Mode Of Delivery ◽  
Poor Correlation ◽  
Hypertensive Group ◽  
The Impact

Background: Maternal factors are determinants of birth outcome which includes birth weight, haematological indices and mode of delivery of their babies.Objectives: To determine the impact of parity and gestational age of hypertensive mothers on some neonatal variables.Methods: A hospital based cross-sectional study of measurement of neonatal variables (birth weight, red blood cells and mode of delivery) among hypertensive mothers and their controls was conducted over a period of six months. Data were analyzed using the Statistical Package for Social Sciences program (SPSS), version 20.Results: There were statistically significant differences in means between the neonates of the hypertensive group and non-hypertensive group for maternal age (t =1.61, p = 0.002), baby weight (t =2.87, p < 0.001), haemoglobin (Hb) (t =4.65, p = 0.010) and packed cell volume (PCV) (t =4.75, p = 0.009), but none for gravidity (t =1.95, p = 0.927)For all subjects, there was poor correlation between gestational age and variables; birth weight , haemoglobin (Hb), packed cell volume (PCV), nucleated red blood cell (nRBC) and parity. Likewise, parity poorly correlated with variables; age, birth weight, Hb, PCV, and nRBC. There was a statistically significant association between mode of delivery and hypertension (χ2 =53.082, p <0.001) but none with having a family history of hypertension (χ2 =1.13, p = 0.287).Conclusion: Parity and gestational age of mothers with hypertension have no impact on birth weight and red cells when compared with their non-hypertensive counterparts. However, mothers of babies delivered by elective and emergency caesarean section were about 2-3 times more likely to be hypertensive than those that delivered through spontaneous vertex delivery.Keywords: Hypertension; neonate; gestational age; parity.

scholarly journals The use of a standard operating procedure in the analysis of canine packed cell volume

2018 ◽  
pp. 457-458
Author(s):  
Craig R Breheny ◽  
Jorge Perez-Accino Salgado ◽  
Nicholas X Bommer ◽  
Ian Handel ◽  
Adam G Gow
Keyword(s):  
Cell Volume ◽  
Operating Procedure ◽  
Packed Cell Volume ◽  
Standard Operating Procedure ◽  
Standard Operating
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