Safety Standard of Machinery and Safety Components-A New Direction of the Safety Standards-

2005 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 548-554
Author(s):  
Tsuyoshi Matsumoto
Keyword(s):  
Safety Standard ◽  
Safety Standards

scholarly journals Development of Standards for Hydrogen Safety

2020 ◽  
Vol 194 ◽  
pp. 02013
Author(s):  
Yanmei Yang ◽  
Haigang Xu ◽  
Ling Lin ◽  
Wei Bao ◽  
Bangqiang Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Hydrogen Production ◽  
Safety Standard ◽  
Iso Standards ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Standard Framework ◽  
Hydrogen Safety ◽  
General Safety

Safety standards are foundation for the deployment and development of hydrogen industry. In this paper, standards for hydrogen safety published by ISO, IEC and SAC are summarized and discussed. Standard framework of hydrogen safety is analysed. ISO standards are mainly focused on general safety standards and safety standards of hydrogen production. IEC standards are mainly focused on safety standards of fuel cell and fuel cell applications. China has basically established a safety standard framework for hydrogen industry. Safety standards for different stage of hydrogen industry are discussed and analysed. Suggestions of safety standards preparation for China are proposed.

scholarly journals The Safety of Sea Ferry Transportation and Anticipation of Ship Accidents in Merak-Bakauheni

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Fathoni ◽  
Oktarina Hidayati ◽  
Devina Arifani
Keyword(s):  
Economic Growth ◽  
Public Transportation ◽  
Safety Standard ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Daily Routines ◽  
Expected Result ◽  
The Future ◽  
Smooth Movement

The Merak-Bakauheni Ferry Port is a connecting route between Java and Sumatra. With its role as a driver of economic growth between islands, it is hoped that the smooth movement of passengers and goods can take place effectively and efficiently. Research on the ferries at the Merak-Bakauheni route is carried out to analyse the movement of people and goods based on the time of service, the number of ferry boats, and the number of docks, so that changes can be implemented to ensure the ferry service is fast, precise, safe, and comfortable. Public transportation in the current era is a very important necessity for every community in supporting all activities and daily routines, PT. ASDP Indonesia Ferry Persero as a ferry operator plays an important role in organizing proper public transportation in our country. The main problem identified by this research is the absence of a safety standard for sea ferries transportation. The expected result with this research is to be able to take inventory of safety standards and to anticipate the extent of safety on the ferry so that recommendations can be formulated to prevent accidents in the future. Keywords: Ferry, Safety, Sea Ferries

Preventing wrong tooth extractions

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 (12) ◽  
pp. 614-618
Author(s):  
Sarah Woolcombe ◽  
Alizey Kazmi ◽  
Harjit Tagar
Keyword(s):  
Patient Safety ◽  
Tooth Extraction ◽  
Invasive Procedures ◽  
Safety Standard ◽  
Safety Policy ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Development Outcomes ◽  
Local Safety ◽  
Tooth Extractions

The role of the dental nurse in designing, implementing and maintaining an effective patient safety policy Aim To provide an overview of National Safety Standards for Invasive Procedures (NatSSIP) and detail how they can be used to create a Local Safety Standard for Invasive Procedures (LocSSIP) to prevent wrong tooth extraction. Objectives To understand the benefits of Local Safety Standards for Invasive Procedures To be able to describe the key roles of dental nurses in patient safety To understand how to create and implement a Local Safety Standard for Invasive Procedures both in theory and in practice GDC development outcomes A, B and C

scholarly journals Evaluation of Testing Methods to Develop Test Requirements for a Workstation Table Safety Standard

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristine Severson ◽  
A. Benjamin Perlman ◽  
Michelle Muhlanger ◽  
Richard Stringfellow
Keyword(s):  
Impact Testing ◽  
Minimum Level ◽  
Testing Methods ◽  
Safety Standard ◽  
Sled Test ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Equipment Safety ◽  
Test Conditions ◽  
Energy Absorbing ◽  
Test Requirements

Investigations of passenger train accidents have revealed serious safety hazards associated with the thin, rigid tops of workstation tables, which are common fixtures aboard rail cars. Thoracic and abdominal injuries caused by occupant impact with workstation tables have been cited as the likely cause of two fatalities during a 2002 accident in Placentia, CA [1]. Additionally, workstation tables have been cited as the cause of injury in reports on accidents in Intercession City, FL [2], and Burbank, CA [3]. Currently there are no regulations or safety standards governing the crashworthiness of tables in passenger trains beyond attachment strength requirements. However, research sponsored by the Federal Railroad Administration (FRA) and in collaboration with the American Public Transportation Association (APTA) Passenger Rail Equipment Safety Standards (PRESS) Construction & Structural working group is underway to develop a mandatory industry safety standard for tables to ensure that they will be designed to provide a minimum level of safety during a train accident. FRA’s Equipment Safety Research Program has already developed and tested a prototype table design to demonstrate the improved occupant protection provided by an energy-absorbing table. The prototype table design was tested using a THOR [4] and an H3RS [5], which are advanced anthropomorphic test devices (ATDs), onboard a 35 mph full-scale train-to-train impact test of rail cars modified to incorporate crash energy management (CEM) [6]. Test results demonstrated that the Injury Assessment Reference Values (IARVs) measured by the instrumented ATDs were within human tolerance levels established by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) for automotive crashworthiness for the head, neck, chest, abdomen, and femur. Having demonstrated the effectiveness of an energy-absorbing table, the next step is developing a performance-based safety standard for tables that ensures a minimum level of crashworthiness. The safety standard would employ the use of an 8G dynamic sled test with instrumented ATDs to evaluate occupant injury and structural integrity of the table, similar to the seat test requirements in APTA-SS-C&S-016-99 [7], which is the industry safety standard for passenger seats in rail cars. Normally, advanced ATDs like the THOR would be required to measure abdominal and thoracic loads caused by the table impact during the sled test. However, use of these experimental ATDs for table qualification testing is not feasible due to their limited availability. Therefore, alternative test methods must be developed to evaluate the crashworthiness of workstation tables. This paper evaluates several potential methods to measure table crashworthiness, including quasi-static crush testing, pendulum impact testing, drop tower testing, and sled testing with standard Hybrid III 50th percentile ATDs. The pros and cons of these tests are also described. After evaluating the various testing methods, test conditions for two separate tests are proposed for an industry table standard. A companion paper [8] describes analysis results used to establish performance requirements proposed for evaluating table crashworthiness for the safety standard, in accordance with the test conditions proposed in this paper.

scholarly journals An ontology-based approach to support the certification of Safety-Critical Software Product Lines

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lucas Bressan ◽  
Regina Braga ◽  
Fernanda Campos ◽  
André Oliveira
Keyword(s):  
Safety Standard ◽  
Product Lines ◽  
Complex Product ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Safety Requirements ◽  
Safety Critical ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Safety Certification ◽  
Software Product ◽  
Specific Safety

Safety-critical Product Lines are required to demonstrate compliance with domain-specific safety standards. Different component configurations may require the inclusion or exclusion of certain features depending on their impact on safety. Additionally, variants may present distinct criticality levels which imply in different safety requirements during their development and evaluation. Some authors have proposed approaches to address safety certification taking into account SPL Engineering (SPLE) activities. Those can be however, labor intensive and impracticable when dealing with larger and complex product lines. In this paper, we propose an ontology-based approach to support safety engineers on identifying features and assets relevant for the deployment and certification of safety-critical product lines. The approach was evaluated, considering a realistic SPL from the aerospace domain and the DO-178C safety standard. As a result, the application of the proposed approach was proven to support the traceability of SPL requirements and certification levels, thus, reducing the complexity of the deployment of different component configurations.

scholarly journals Summary of Safety Standards for Repurposing Batteries (汰役電池安全標準的內容與說明)

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hsien-Ching Chung ◽  
Yaw-Chung Cheng
Keyword(s):  
Energy Storage ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Storage System ◽  
Energy Storage System ◽  
Safety Standard ◽  
Battery Energy Storage System ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Auxiliary Power ◽  
Battery Energy ◽  
Monthly Journal

Accompanied by the increase of electric vehicles, repurposing batteries will increase rapidly as well in the future. How to deal with these batteries has become an open-ended question. Some retired power batteries possess about 80% initial capacity. So they can be utilized once again, for example, to serve the batteries in the energy storage system. However, this may cause safety problems. Underwriters Laboratories (UL) published the safety standard for batteries for use in stationary, vehicle auxiliary power, and light electric rail applications in 2013 (UL 1973) to respond to the said issues. To promote wide-ranged applications, UL published the safety standard for repurposing battery evaluation in 2018 (UL 1974). In this paper, we summarize the contents of UL 1973 and UL 1974 as a reference to accelerate the industrial development of battery energy storage system.(This article has been published in the Monthly Journal of Taipower's Engineering 860 (2020) 35-44. Link: https://www.taipower.com.tw/tc/report.aspx?mid=86 )-----隨著電動車輛的推廣與增加，汰役電池開始出現，未來數量將會快速增長，因此成為一個必須要解決的問題。這些動力電池在淘汰時，部分仍然有大約80% 的容量，顯然可以再次加以利用，例如做為儲能電池之使用。但由於是此類淘汰物品可能出現安全上的問題。Underwriters Laboratories (UL)公司在2013年提出電池於儲能系統的安全標準(UL 1973)來因應此問題，但為面對汰役電池推廣之需求，於2018年出版二次利用電池安全評估標準(UL 1974)。本文係參考UL 1973與UL 1974兩個標準，就電池儲能系統的發展現況，將這些標準加以整理與說明，供使用者參考，期能加速電池儲能系統的產業發展。(本文已發表於台電工程月刊 860 (2020) 35-44, 連結: https://www.taipower.com.tw/tc/report.aspx?mid=86 )

scholarly journals Developing a Construction Safety Standard System to Enhance Safety Supervision Efficiency in China: A Theoretical Simulation of the Evolutionary Game Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 13364
Author(s):  
Wenxin Su ◽  
Xin Gao ◽  
Yukun Jiang ◽  
Jinrong Li
Keyword(s):  
Safety Management ◽  
Management Practice ◽  
Evolutionary Game ◽  
Construction Safety ◽  
Standard System ◽  
Safety Standard ◽  
Theoretical Simulation ◽  
Safety Control ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
The Government

Labor safety is one of the most fundamental indicators to improve contractors’ sustainability. Safety supervision plays a crucial role in affecting the safety performance of infrastructure projects. However, studies of standards development to enhance safety supervision efficiency are far from complete. Safety standards define safe behaviors for construction workers and hazard control processes in the workplace, and they are usually considered as an important part of safety control. In addition, the systematic reform of construction safety standards in China provides an innovative perspective to enhance safety supervision efficiency by linking standards to supervision. For this purpose, this paper proposes the concept and framework of the “Construction Safety Standard System (CSSS)” through expert interviews. CSSS hierarchically classifies safety standards and integrates similar standards. Its implementation will significantly influence the behavioral decisions of safety supervision stakeholders. Evolutionary game (EG) theory is applied to demonstrate the decision-making procedure in CSSS establishment and application. Furthermore, system dynamics (SD) is utilized to model and analyze equilibrium states under different supervision strategies. Meanwhile, case studies are implemented to assess the CSSS’s effectiveness in reality. The numerical results indicate that through CSSS implementation, the strategy choice fluctuation of supervisors and contractors is suppressed and a more desirable stable equilibrium is reached. The government tends to supervise and contractors tend to obey safety standards consciously. The findings reveal that CSSS can enhance safety supervision efficiency and have meaningful implications for theoretical study on safety supervision and construction safety management practice.

Problems Encountered in Determining an Eye Safety Standard for Daily Exposures to Optical Radiation

1980 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 157-159
Author(s):  
David C. Smedley
Keyword(s):  
Optical Radiation ◽  
Daily Basis ◽  
Radiation Doses ◽  
Safety Standard ◽  
Safety Standards

Existing eye safety standards are not suitable for specifying safety limits to which individuals are exposed on a daily basis. A possible approach to this problem is to relate safety limits to radiation doses found in nature. Although this method produces extremely conservative safety limits, it greatly reduces the possibility of temporary lesions encountered within existing guidelines.

Power Transmission Safety Standards

2000 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ralph L. Barnett ◽  
Peter J. Poczynok
Keyword(s):  
Power Transmission ◽  
Mechanical Power ◽  
Safety Standard ◽  
Transmit Power ◽  
Safety Standards ◽  
Fundamental Error ◽  
Rule Making ◽  
Current Code

Abstract The development of the Safety Standard for Mechanical Power Transmission Apparatus has been plagued by changing definitions and a penchant for expanding the scope of power transmission applications. The current code gives examples of devices which do not transmit power and, in some cases, represent points of operation. Power transmission hazards are increasingly being defined in terms of motion. The notion that mechanical hazards may be characterized as either point of operation or power transmission is a fundamental error that persistently plagues the “rule making” process.

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