scholarly journals Study on the Effective Tax Planning of Value - Added Tax under the Background of Small and Medium Enterprises Business Tax Change to Value-added Tax

2018 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tax Planning ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Business Tax ◽  
Medium Enterprises

scholarly journals The Effects of the RCS’s Application in the Value Added Tax Collecting Process on the Perception of SME Taxpayer in Korea’s Trade Activity: Transparency and Fairness in Trade

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (11) ◽  
pp. 4132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung Yoon
Keyword(s):  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Tax Avoidance ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Positive Influence ◽  
Policy Implications ◽  
Steel Scrap ◽  
Value Added Tax ◽  
Charge System ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Value Added Tax (VAT) is the largest source of global tax revenue. However, it faces issues of tax avoidance, such as the black-market and missing trader intra-community fraud. Many studies have postulated that the introduction of the Reverse Charge System (RCS) will contribute to the enhancement of transparency and fairness in trade for small and medium enterprises (SMEs) that supply goods or provide services. This study analyzes SME taxpayers’ perception of transparency and fairness in trade resulting from the introduction of the RCS into the South Korean VAT system. In B2B transactions that handle gold, copper, and steel scrap, large companies often abuse their bargaining power over smaller firms by not paying VAT with their purchase or reducing the prices to equal VAT, leading to low trade transparency. When it comes to gold, copper and steel scrap trading, the imbalance in bargaining power results in one of the parties being unable to reap maximum benefits because of unfairness. SMEs with relatively weak bargaining power suffer from unfair trading practices such as price cutting and the imposition of VAT by their counterparts. Since the introduction of the RCS, however, SME taxpayers appear to believe that trade fairness has improved. This study’s findings reveal that SMEs are more likely to perceive improvement in trade transparency and fairness since the implementation of the RCS, indicating that the RCS has exerted a positive influence on SMEs. This study provides important policy implications for countries that intend to implement the RCS by offering empirical evidence of its benefits.

scholarly journals Women’s Economic Empowerment in Vietnam: Performance and Constraints of Female-Led Manufacturing SMEs

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (6) ◽  
pp. 255
Author(s):  
MinhTam Bui ◽  
Trinh Q. Long
Keyword(s):  
Labor Productivity ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Manufacturing Sector ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Formal Sector ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Average Value ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Medium Enterprises

This paper identifies whether there was a performance difference among micro, small and medium enterprises (MSMEs) led by men and by women in Vietnam during the period 2005–2013 and aims to provide explanations for the differences, if any, in various performance indicators. The paper adopts a quantitative approach using a firm-level panel dataset in the manufacturing sector in 10 provinces/cities in Vietnam in five waves from 2005 to 2013. Fixed effect models are estimated to examine the influence of firm variables and demographic, human capital characteristics of owners/managers on firms’ value added, labor productivity and employment creation. We found that men led MSMEs did not outperform those led by women on average. Although the average value added was lower for female-led firms in the informal sector, the opposite was true in the formal sector where women tend to lead medium-size firms with higher value added and labor productivity. The performance disparity was more envisaged across levels of formality and less clear from a gender perspective. Moreover, while firms owned by businessmen seemed to create more jobs, firms owned by women had a higher share of female employees. No significant difference in business constraints faced by women and by men was found.

scholarly journals Financial capital, constraints, partners, and performance: An empirical analysis of Indonesia SMEs

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 210
Author(s):  
I Wayan Widnyana ◽  
I Made Dauh Wijana ◽  
Almuntasir Almuntasir
Keyword(s):  
Financial Performance ◽  
Financial Constraints ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Financial Capital ◽  
Moderation Effect ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
The Relationship

Indonesia's small and medium enterprises (SMEs) are considered the backbone of the national economy. However, the fact that SMEs still contribute less to the national gross domestic product (GDP) in terms of value-added, need to be addressed. While previous studies mainly focused on financial (access) constraints as one of the major constraints faced by small enterprises which affect their growth and performances, this study aims to extend the relationship between capital and financial performance of Indonesia SMEs with the moderating effect of financial constraints and partners. This study is different from others as it uses a bigger panel dataset which is about 4.36 million SMEs in Indonesia and is the first to explore the role of financial partners comprehensively. Moreover, the panel regression model with geographic analysis unit uses as a data analysis method. The results of the study show that financial capital has a positive and significant effect on the financial performance of SMEs. Furthermore, while the moderation role of financial partners on the relationship between financial capital and financial performance of Indonesia SMEs was failed to prove, the negative moderation effect of financial constraints was able to prove in this study.

scholarly journals Implementing TRIZ with Supply Chain Management in New Product Development for Small and Medium Enterprises

Processes ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 614
Author(s):  
Yun-Sheng Lin ◽  
Mingchih Chen
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
New Product Development ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Value Added ◽  
New Product ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Chain Management ◽  
Business Operation ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Value Added Products

Due to the impact of globalization, the competition between enterprises has become fierce and led the supply chains of many industries to be reorganized. One of the consequences is that the operation of many small and medium enterprises (SMs) had become very difficult. Hence, many of SMEs in Taiwan have gone bankrupt and some of them have moved to other places where they have lower production costs, in order to survive; this not only hollowed out the industries but also disconnected the supply chains in their mother countries. Because Taiwan’s SMEs are generally poor in innovation, this study explored the implementation of the theory of inventive problem-solving (TRIZ) with alignment of new product development (NPD) and supply chain management (SCM) to strengthen the innovation and productivity of new products, so that SMEs can refer to its use to aid sustainable business operation. We considered an SME in Taiwan as a case to study and investigate the strategies that it employed to achieve survival and sustainability. By examining the practical applications of the NPD of the case company, which was based on the TRIZ and NPD SCM alignment, we found that value-added products may be created despite unfavorable industry environments, by implementing and coordinating the TRIZ and three product-related variables, namely innovating, modularity, and variety. This study explored practical alternatives for SMEs to develop various value-added products that meet customers’ changing requirements and succeed in competitive markets to achieve a sustainable business operation. Considering SMEs are crucially important to the economic equality and development of countries and that SMEs may only survive for a short time when operating in changing supply chain environments, this study can be used as a reference for the management of SMEs and future academic research in related fields.

scholarly journals Tax incentives for R&D in the context of the development of fiscal space

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (10) ◽  
pp. 81-97
Author(s):  
Nataliya FROLOVA ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Tax Incentives ◽  
Aircraft Industry ◽  
Tax Credit ◽  
Tax Exemptions ◽  
Fiscal Space ◽  
Tax Benefits ◽  
Basic Features ◽  
Medium Enterprises

The article deals with the main R&D expenditure based tax incentives such as tax credit and enhanced allowances in the context of the development of fiscal space due to their impact on innovative activities of loss-making, small and medium enterprises as well as startups. The author disclosed basic features of R&D expenditure based tax incentives in comparison with tax exemptions and accelerated depreciation. Cross-country comparisons in OECD revealed that it is often a case when SMEs and startups enjoy R&D tax credit and enhanced allowance with higher rates. In addition, they can also claim full reimbursement of unused tax benefits for R&D while large companies can only count on partial or even non-reimbursement of unused tax benefits and limited carry over period. Implied tax subsidy rates on R&D are analyzed through different OECD countries, as well as through enterprises different in size and profitability. In 2019 the largest R&D tax benefits were offered to profitable SMEs in France (ITSR was 43%) and Portugal (ITSR was 39%). The ITSR methodology is used to work out scenarios of introduction of R&D expenditure -based tax incentives in Ukraine. Calculation results are presented. The state of R&D tax incentives in Ukraine in the case of aircraft industry is analyzed. The introduction R&D expenditure -based tax incentives is argued as a replacement of tax exemptions which are currently used as a measure for R&D promotion in the aircraft industry in Ukraine in terms of improvement of R&D tax support efficiency and spur successful development of high value-added industries as an important prerequisite for the development of fiscal space in Ukraine.

scholarly journals Circular economy in clusters' performance evaluation

Equilibrium ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 537-559 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristina Razminiene
Keyword(s):  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Circular Economy ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Regional Growth ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Resource Efficiency ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Technology Products ◽  
Performance Development ◽  
Medium Enterprises

Research background: The value of clusters in developing advanced technology products and services as well as promoting regional growth is acknowledged by many policymakers and researchers (Lee et al., 2012). Hence, clusters are identified as enablers of the circular economy and resource efficiency in this study. Companies aim to enhance competencies and create competitive advantages in global competition and this can be achieved through pulling from a common and accessible pool of resources, information and demand for innovation which means that companies can profit from belonging to a cluster. Purpose of the article: The main aim of the article is to overview the scientific literature that addresses the circular economy, identify clusters and their role in the circular economy and suggest how small and medium enterprises could engage in a circular economy through clusters' performance development. Methods: Bibliometric literature analysis enables identifying the latest trends in scientific articles regarding a circular economy and clusters. The analytical hierarchy process (AHP) allows for composing the scheme of the cluster’s competitive advantage within circular economy. Findings & Value added: The findings suggest that resource efficiency is considered to be one of the most important ambitions and clusters can work as enablers of a circular economy for small and medium enterprises (SMEs), gaining a competitive advantage at the same time. Clusters can encourage and provide conditions in which SMEs would turn to a circular economy. The scheme of Cluster's competitive advantage proposed by the author can help cluster's coordinators, policymakers and all the concerned parties to verify the importance of clusters' involvement in the circular economy.

scholarly journals Assisting SMEs to Establish RMA Diagnosis Checklist and Innovative RMA Process System to Enhance B2B Innovative Concept Adaptation and Its Value-Added Function

2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-48
Author(s):  
Kai-Fu Yang ◽  
◽  
Hao-Wei Yang ◽  
Chao-Hung Huang
Keyword(s):  
Diagnostic Tool ◽  
Small And Medium Enterprises ◽  
Value Added ◽  
B2b Marketing ◽  
Process System ◽  
Service Policies ◽  
Medium Enterprises ◽  
Innovative Concept

This research attempts to focus on Return Merchandise Authorization (RMA) and the optimization of the RMA solutions. In the meantime, this research establishes RMA Diagnosis Checklist, Innovative RMA Process system, and a number of suggested solutions for Small and Medium Enterprises (SMEs). This research has important implications as it optimizes RMA solutions to B2B problems for SMEs, provides useful information on effective RMA service policies for B2B marketing decisions and creates a general awareness of the importance and rationale of RMA. Finally, this study provides RMA as a diagnostic tool and strategic tactic for SMEs.

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