Pricing Efficiency and Price Discovery of International Crude Oil Futures Prices on China's Crude Oil Spot Prices

This study empirically investigates the contributions of three crude oil-based exchange-traded funds (ETFs) in the price discovery process. Using daily data on the crude oil spot, near month crude oil futures, and three crude-oil-based ETFs, we analyze the price discovery contributions of the five-price series. We use two information share measures, namely the generalized information share (GIS) measure (Lien and Shrestha, 2014) and the permanent-temporary decomposition (PT/GG) measure (Gonzalo and Granger, 1995). We find that the futures market dominates the price discovery process. However, we also find that the crude-oil-based ETFs significantly contribute to the price discovery process. Thus, we find that additional ETFs play a significant role in price discovery. Therefore, they are not redundant in terms of their price discovery contributions.

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Research on the Correlation Between WTI Crude Oil Futures Price and European Carbon Futures Price

Frontiers in Energy Research ◽

10.3389/fenrg.2021.735665 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 9 ◽

Author(s):

Zhengwei Ma ◽

Yuxin Yan ◽

Ruotong Wu ◽

Feixiao Li

Keyword(s):

Crude Oil ◽

Carbon Emission ◽

Mutual Effect ◽

Futures Prices ◽

Price Fluctuation ◽

Oil Futures ◽

Sea Levels ◽

Crude Oil Futures ◽

Futures Price ◽

Emission Rights

In recent years, the rapid increase in CO2 concentration has accelerated global warming. As a result, sea levels rise, glaciers melt, extreme weather occurs, and species become extinct. As the world’s largest CO2 emission rights trading market, EU Emissions Trading System (EU-ETS) has reached 1.855 billion tons of quotas by 2019, influencing the development of the global carbon emission market. Crude oil, as one of the major fossil energy sources in the world, its price fluctuation is bound to affect the price of carbon emission rights. Therefore, this paper aims to reveal the correlation between crude oil futures prices and carbon emission rights futures prices by studying the price fluctuation. In this paper, the linkage between West Texas Intermediate (WTI) crude oil futures prices and European carbon futures prices was investigated. In addition, this paper selects continuous data of WTI crude oil futures prices and spot prices with European carbon futures prices from January 8, 2018 to November 27, 2020, and builds a smooth transformation regression (STR) model. The relationship between crude oil futures and carbon futures prices is studied in both forward and reversal linkage through empirical analysis. The results show that crude oil futures prices and carbon futures prices have a mutual effect on each other, and both linear and nonlinear correlations between the two prices exist. Based on the results of this research, some suggestions are provided.

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