Historical Origin and Succession of the March First Movement

2019 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 355-384
Author(s):  
Seok-heung Chang
Keyword(s):  
Historical Origin

An historical Homeric society?

1974 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 114-125 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. M. Snodgrass
Keyword(s):  
Social System ◽  
Oral Tradition ◽  
Good Reason ◽  
Simple Fact ◽  
Historical Case ◽  
Large Measure ◽  
The Social ◽  
One Step ◽  
Historical Origin ◽  
Strong Body

I begin with two modern texts, both as it happens printed on the first page of earlier issues of this journal, and each, I think, expressive of a strong body of opinion in Homeric scholarship, at least in the English-speaking countries, at the time of their writing. First, Miss Dorothea Gray in 1954: ‘Belief in an historical Homeric society dies hard’. Secondly, Professor Adkins in 1971: ‘I find it impossible to believe … that the bards of the oral tradition invented out of their own imaginations a society with institutions, values, beliefs and attitudes all so coherent and mutually appropriate as I believe myself to discern in the Homeric poems. This aspect of the poems is based upon some society's experience’. Miss Gray's prophecy, whether or not one shares the misgivings that it embodied, was thus soundly-based: the seventeen years between these two quotations have indeed witnessed a powerful revival of the belief that the social system portrayed in the Homeric poems, and with it such attendant features as the ethical code and the political structure, are in large measure both unitary and historical. One good reason for the vitality of this belief is the simple fact that it has been alive since Classical times. Another is that it has received support from several influential recent works: if pride of place should be given to M. I. Finley's The World of Odysseus, on whose conclusions Professor Adkins expressely says that he takes his stand, a number of others should be acknowledged also. Whereas Finley located the social system of the Odyssey most probably in the tenth and ninth centuries B.C., A. Andrewes in his book The Greeks extends this type of inference when he argues for an historical origin in the ‘migration period’ of the twelfth and eleventh centuries for the Homeric political system. As influences on the other side, one may mention T. B. L. Webster's work in isolating Mycenaean practices and features, whose divisive effect on the social pattern is apparent; while G. S. Kirk has a significantly entitled chapter in his The Songs of Homer, ‘The cultural and linguistic amalgam’ (my italics). Most recently, the early chapters in the German Archaeologia Homerica have shown a certain tendency to discern a consistent and historical pattern in the allied area of the material and technological practices of the poems. It is true that in one chapter the author is led to conclude that the metallurgical picture of the Iliad is substantially earlier than that of the Odyssey, and that the date of composition of the former poem must accordingly be very much earlier. But this is only because he is pressing the arguments for the ‘historical’ case one step further: the historical consistency of the metallurgical pictures in each of the two poems is, for him, so apparent and so precise that each can and must be given an historical setting, even if the two are separated by a long period.

Through the prototypes of through: A corpus-based cognitive analysis

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 43-70
Author(s):  
Gaëtanelle Gilquin ◽  
Andrew McMichael
Keyword(s):  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Cognitive Linguistics ◽  
Theoretical Concept ◽  
Prepositional Phrase ◽  
Cognitive Analysis ◽  
Frequency Of Use ◽  
Starting Point ◽  
Historical Origin ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
L1 Acquisition

Abstract This paper empirically tests a number of criteria proposed in the literature to identify the prototype of a linguistic category in order to see how they compare with each other - and what this can tell us about the concept of prototypicality. The item under investigation is through, and the starting point is an intuition-based definition of prototypical through. The different criteria are frequency of use, ease of elicitation, historical origin, patterns in L1 acquisition and patterns in L2 use. All instances of through retrieved for testing each of these criteria are classified according to a taxonomy couched in Construction Grammar terms. The findings confirm the special status of the intuition-based prototype of through (the [X moves through Y] construction) according to some of the criteria, but also reveal divergent results, in particular a central use of the instrumental prepositional phrase with through. Conclusions are drawn about the theoretical concept of prototypicality and its possible multi-faceted nature, and more generally about the place of empirical evidence in Cognitive Linguistics.

About the Trinity: Painting, Calligraphy and Poetry in China. The Symbolism of Clouds in Chinese Painting

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vyara Popova ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Visual Representation ◽  
Linear Perspective ◽  
Chinese Painting ◽  
The Third ◽  
History Of ◽  
Historical Origin ◽  
Third Dimension ◽  
Perspective Model ◽  
The Trinity ◽  
Painting System

The text is based on Hubert Damish’s thesis in „A theory of (cloud): toward a history of painting“ (2002), where the cloud is interpreted as non-inclusive, not participating in the perspective model as a painting system. Respectively, the cloud as an anachronism of the picturesque as opposed to a linear (perspective) dominant Western norm (in Damish terminology) is traced as functioning in Eastern, Chinese painting itself as a kind of cultural and historical rudiment. And it is through the synthesis of painting and word in Chinese painting: 1 / it is demonstrated in contrast to Foucault’s thesis in “This is not a pipe“ how it is possible for a verbal sign and visual representation to be given simultaneously; 2) the historical origin of the letter is displayed as a sign from the image as a hieroglyphic symbol; 3) demonstrates how the third dimension is constructed not in perspective, but in a meaningful depth, and precisely through the clouds as a metaphor for the Maya (illusion) of the visible and all-in-one nature of things; 4) so summarizing: the cloud rises from scenic scope and instrument to the level of universal cultural metaphor.

Universal Building Blocks

2020 ◽  
pp. 65-92
Author(s):  
Ron Harris
Keyword(s):  
Simple Structure ◽  
Building Blocks ◽  
Clear Pattern ◽  
Historical Evidence ◽  
Long Distance ◽  
The Family ◽  
Endogenous Institutions ◽  
Historical Origin ◽  
Basic Functions ◽  
Organic As

This chapter argues that a number of precursor institutions of the long-distance trade organization developed locally, independently, and endemically in many different places along the Eurasian landmass. It shows that there is often no direct and clear evidence for the endogenous origins of institutions. The chapter also discusses the endemic appearance of an institution that does not have a clear pattern of migration but, together with its relatively simple structure, supports the identification of an endogenous institution. Endogenous institutions are often organic, as is the case with the itinerant trader or the family, or simple institutions that address basic functions, such as the loan, agency, or ship. They are to be found throughout Eurasia, and there is no historical evidence of a single historical origin for any of them or of a clear route of their migration.

Qur’an

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gerhard Bowering
Keyword(s):  
Divine Revelation ◽  
Word Of God ◽  
Human History ◽  
Divine Will ◽  
Written Form ◽  
Historical Origin ◽  
Religious Scholarship ◽  
Holy Book

This chapter discusses the historical origin and development, religious scholarship, political elements, and legacy of the Qur'an. The Qur'an, the holy book of Islam, is the most recent of the major sacred scriptures to have appeared in human history. It includes the prophetic proclamations of Muhammad (570–632) in Arabic, collected after his death in definitive written form and meticulously transmitted through the centuries. More than a billion Muslims around the globe consider the Qur'an to be the eternal word of God, who “sent down” the scripture as his final divine revelation and commissioned Muhammad to be the last prophet to proclaim his divine will for all of humanity to follow.

Epilogue

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tuire Valkeakari
Keyword(s):  
Identity Formation ◽  
African Diaspora ◽  
Life Experiences ◽  
Middle Passage ◽  
The West ◽  
Innovative Strategies ◽  
Diasporic Identity ◽  
Historical Origin ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Geographical Locations

The epilogue affirms that the old Anglophone African diaspora in the West is characterized by considerable ethnic, national, socioeconomic, sociocultural, religious, and political diversity as well as by markedly different interplays of race, class, and gender in different geographical locations and microcontexts. Black diasporic sensibilities perpetually renew and transform themselves in response to the limitless variety of life experiences in the diaspora. Nevertheless, rather than merely emphasizing black diversity for its own sake, this book has repeatedly brought the discussion back to the original propellers of the old African diaspora. This book’s diasporic hermeneutics have highlighted the historical origin of the old African diaspora in the Middle Passage and slavery and the cultural mediation of the collective memory of this ur-event. This emphasis on the old African diaspora’s origin in an event has anchored this book’s approach to diaspora in a racially antiessentialist understanding of black diasporic identity formation. Middle Passage narratives both mourn the lives that were lost as a result of the Atlantic slave trade and highlight the survivors’ innovative strategies of survival, acclimatization, and resistance. These themes, in modified yet recognizable forms, are also powerfully present in the novels about later black migrations analyzed in this book.

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