Drill Bits Evolution in Lump-Sum Turnkey Project Delivers Up to 70 Percent ROP Improvement

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Syed Zahoor Ullah ◽  
Alexey Ruzhnikov ◽  
Syed Siddik ◽  
Maxim Sizov ◽  
Abdulqawi Alfakih
Keyword(s):  
Middle East ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Drill Bit ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Design Elements ◽  
Lump Sum ◽  
Drill Bits ◽  
The Cost

Abstract Drilling rate of penetration (ROP) is one of the variables that influences well delivery timing and cost. ROP is affected by many factors, including but not limited to rock strength, well profile, bottom hole assembly (BHA) design, challenging formations per section, and drill bit selection. In one of the drilling projects in the Middle East, the primary method chosen to improve well delivery is to focus on optimizing the drill bit design to improve ROP while delivering other drilling objectives. As the project progressed, the ROP plateaued in most of sections in the field. The drilling team collaborated with the drill bit engineering to launch a drill bit optimization campaign in various hole sizes ranging from 16-in to 6⅛-in. Since fixed-cutter bits are predominantly used in these sections, improvements are made to the existing drill bit designs by replacing the cutting elements with more efficient 3D polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) cutters or 3DC. 3DC cutters have different shapes, uniquely designed to tackle different drilling challenges. Using an in-house petrophysical log analysis program, each formation drilled in this field was analyzed and drilling challenges and ROP values were compared against previous performance. This information paired with finite element analysis (FEA) for dynamic drilling simulation was used to optimize drill bit selection. This conceptual workflow was followed to avoid costly field tests and ensure that the newly designed drill bit performs flawlessly downhole. Other design elements, such as choosing bit body material, were also incorporated by converting matrix-bodied to steel-bodied, which not only improved the ROP but also reduced the cost-per-foot (CPF). Initially the bit optimization program enabled ROP improvement in the 16-in section by 36% from 53 ft/h to 73 ft/h by replacing the roller-cone bit with a matrix-bodied fixed-cutter bit. Moreover, the drilling team further improved their performance, achieving 118 ft/hr. ROP when using the steel-bodied bit. With successful deployment of 3DC cutters in Middle East, ridged diamond element was introduced in the 8½-in section and successfully improved overall ROP by 11%. In addition, the 6⅛-in section showed 25% improvement in ROP following several design iterations that utilized two different types of 3DC cutters. By the end of the drill bit optimization campaign, the operator was able to improve the drilling curve and save up to 2.5 days per well. The 3DC cutters also helped eliminate the risk of bit failure in the 8½-in section, wherein offset wells several bits were required to complete the section. With the performance mindset, new technology deployment made it faster to test new bit designs. This helped with getting early data point for analysis before being able to test in the different fields in the area.

Cloud Services for Hotel Industry

2014 ◽  
Vol 905 ◽  
pp. 693-696 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adel Khan Musab ◽  
Chun Lin Li ◽  
Hasan A.H. Naji
Keyword(s):  
Cloud Computing ◽  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Middle East ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Hotel Industry ◽  
Cloud Services ◽  
Random Selection ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Hotel Chain

This research focuses on the major issues that weigh upon a hotel companys decision to implement cloud computing. In this study there was a random selection done for 15 hotels (5 hotels five stars chains, 5 franchised hotels 3 and 4 stars and 5 local hotels). The aim of this paper revolves to (I) Study and analyze the major issues have an impact on hotel companys decision to move to cloud computing. (II) Test the current benefits and implementing cloud computing in the hotel industry. (III) Test the positive and negative issues in adopting cloud computing. In additions, this type of technology is so new for the Middle East specifically in Saudi Arabia and GCC (Gulf Cooperative Countries), where the hotel industry is growing so fast and it is required a new technology to go along with it. The results showed that excluding the hotel chain which use clouding partially, the other 10 hotel of the sample either franchise or local do not implement this technology due to not having knowledge or they are not sure of the cost because of changing from system to another.

scholarly journals Optimizing Drill Bits Performance in Highly Unconfined Compressive Strength Formation, Sinai Oil Field, Egypt

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (6) ◽  
pp. 2057-2060
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Unconfined Compressive Strength ◽  
Average Rate ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Oil Field ◽  
Drill Bit ◽  
Drill Bits ◽  
Percent Improvement ◽  
Pdc Bit ◽  
Short Run

In Belayim Oil field, Sidri concession, 8 1/2" section is composed of conglomerates with overall Unconfined Compressive Strength (UCS) varies from 25,000 to 40,000 psi. This section was mainly drilled with Polycrystalline Diamond Compact (PDC) bits and Tungsten Carbide Insert (TCI) drill bits. Drilling 1000 meter in 8 1/2" section needed minimum 6 to 8 drill bits. The average rate of penetration (ROP) was 2.8 (meter per hour) MPH and the average drilled interval was 135 m. The rock bit that had been used in offset wells achieved low ROP and short drilled intervals as well, meanwhile, PDC bit achieved moderate average ROP and relatively short run intervals The operator target was to reduce the drilling time by raising ROP and the drilled interval per drill bit; the hybrid bit was presented to achieve that target. The hybrid bit achieved the highest ROP record and the longest drilled interval in Sidri concession achieving 200 percent improvement from offsets’ average performance. Finally, the paper recommended using three hybrid bit in the first three runs and in the fourth run, where the unconfined compressive strength reached its maximum values, TCI drill bit could be used.

The Wear and Friction Characters of Polycrystalline Diamond Under Wetting Conditions

2018 ◽  
Vol 141 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Liu ◽  
Zhongyi Man ◽  
Fubao Zhou ◽  
Kai Chen ◽  
Haiyang Yu
Keyword(s):  
Abrasive Wear ◽  
Friction And Wear ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Wear Testing ◽  
Chemical Compositions ◽  
Drilling Process ◽  
Drill Bit ◽  
Dry Air ◽  
Drill Bits ◽  
Wear And Friction

Polycrystalline diamond compacts (PDCs) are the main cutting unit of drill bits and are a major factor in determining the drilling efficiency and service life of drill bits. Drill bit failure is caused by the severe abrasive wear it undergoes during the drilling process. The drill bit failure can prolong the drilling period, which can result in borehole instability and cause collapse in the material. A solution that can address this issue is developing an appropriate drilling method that can expel the dust in a manner that will not increase the abrasive wear on the drill bit. Here, an Amsler friction and wear-testing machines was used to investigate the friction and wear characteristics of PDC and to study the effects of the dust expelled during drilling on the wear performance of drill bits under dry air and wetting conditions. The microstructures of the worn surfaces were examined by a scanning electron microscope (SEM) and metalloscope. In addition, the chemical compositions of the PDCs' surfaces were analyzed using X-ray diffraction (XRD) after the wear and friction tests. The results demonstrate that the friction coefficients and wear rate obtained in dry air were higher than those under wetting conditions. As expected, these values are mainly ascribed to the absence of the absorber layer and lubrication under dry air. Furthermore, under wetting conditions a number of cracks were observed on the PDC surface after testing at 700 °C, which was mainly caused by two factors: The different thermal expansion coefficients between the diamond and Cobalt phase; and the residual stress generated inside the PDC under wetting conditions.

Innovative Research in the Field of Brazed Joints for Drill Bit

2017 ◽  
Vol 907 ◽  
pp. 227-230
Author(s):  
Daniel Tihanov Tanasache ◽  
Carmen Florea ◽  
Daniela Maria Iovanaș ◽  
Emilia Florina Binchiciu ◽  
Aurelia Binchiciu
Keyword(s):  
Buffer Layer ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Specific Area ◽  
Metallographic Analysis ◽  
Drill Bit ◽  
Drill Bits ◽  
Deposited Metal ◽  
Filler Layer ◽  
Brazed Joints ◽  
Brazed Joint

The research followed the development of deep joint brazing joints with economic efficient materials between the reinforcement, made from sintered wolfram carbide, and the support, drill bit made from low alloy steel with chromium, from the earthmoving equipment. The brazing procedure selected is heating until the semi-products of the addition materials reach melting temperature, with oxyacetylene flame slightly carburized. The pressure of reducing manufacturing costs for drill bits highlighted the need to replace brazing alloys Ag156 according to SR EN ISO 17672 with coated rods type VIAg140R, which are less expensive and successively deposit two layers in one melt, one buffer layer and a filler layer. The buffer layer has a high moistening capacity of sintered wolfram carbides; it contains Ag156 that comes from the coat of the covered rods, in which it participates with up to 10%. The filler layer of the brazed joint is made out of Ag140. The global chemical composition of the deposited metal with VIAg140R complies with prescriptions SR EN ISO 17672 for Ag140. Metallographic analysis and sclerometric tries of specific area of the brazed joints did not highlight any embrittlement imperfections, which lead to the possibility of suggesting the new technology for brazing and extending it to a large number of similar joints

Modeling and Finite Element Analysis of Drill Bit Vibrations

1989 ◽  
Vol 111 (2) ◽  
pp. 148-155 ◽  
Author(s):  
O. Tekinalp ◽  
A. G. Ulsoy
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Equations Of Motion ◽  
Beam Theory ◽  
Helix Angle ◽  
Drill Bit ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Various Boundary Conditions ◽  
Drill Bits ◽  
Euler Bernoulli Beam

Drill bit vibrations are modeled using the Euler-Bernoulli beam theory. The model includes the most important properties of drill bits and of the drilling operation. These are: the drill bit cross sectional geometry, the drill helix angle, rotational speed of the drill bit, the thrust force, torque, and cutting forces generated during drilling. Equations of motion are derived in an inertial frame and then transformed to a rotating fluted frame for convenience in the solution. The transformed equations are discretized using finite element techniques. The finite element code developed is capable of solving the eigenvalue problem for various boundary conditions and drill cross sectional geometries. Finite element solutions are compared to known analytical, numerical, and experimental results from the literature and good agreement is obtained.

Effects and Risks of Distance Learning in Higher Education

2020 ◽  
pp. 61-73
Author(s):  
Yu. M. Tsygalov
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Distance Learning ◽  
Online Education ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Negative Consequences ◽  
Higher Education System ◽  
First Results ◽  
Spread Of Infection ◽  
The Cost

The forced work of Russian universities remotely in the context of the pandemic (COVID-19) has generated a lot of discussion about the benefits of the new form of education. The first results were summed up and reports were presented, the materials of which showed that the main goal of online education — the prevention of the spread of infection, - has been achieved. Against this background, proposals and publications have appeared substantiating the effectiveness of the massive introduction of distance learning in Russia, including in higher education. However, the assessment of such training by the population and students in publications and in social networks was predominantly negative and showed that the number of emerging problems exceeds the possible benefits of the new educational technology. Based on the analysis of the materials of publications and personal experience of teaching online, the potential benefits and problems of distance learning in higher education in Russia are considered. It is proposed to consider the effects separately for the suppliers of new technology (government, universities) and consumers (students, teachers, society). It is substantiated that the massive introduction of online education allows not only to reduce the negative consequences of epidemics, but also to reduce budgetary funding for universities, optimize the age composition of teachers, and reduce the cost of maintaining educational buildings. However, there will be a leveling / averaging of the quality of education, and responsibility for the quality of training will shift from the state/universities to students. The critical shortcomings of online education are the low degree of readiness of the digital infrastructure, the lack of a mechanism for identifying and monitoring the work of students, information security problems, and the lack of trust in such training of the population. The massive use of online education creates a number of risks for the country, the most critical of which is the destruction of the higher education system and a drop in the effectiveness of personnel training. The consequences of this risk realization are not compensated by any possible budget savings.

scholarly journals Experimental Research on the Process Parameters of a Novel Low-Load Drill Bit Used for 7000 m Bedrock Sampling Base on Manned Submersible

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 682
Author(s):  
Yu-Gang Ren ◽  
Lei Yang ◽  
Yan-Jun Liu ◽  
Bao-Hua Liu ◽  
Kai-Ben Yu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Deep Sea ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Polycrystalline Diamond ◽  
Design Criterion ◽  
Penetration Length ◽  
Technical Data ◽  
Low Load ◽  
Manned Submersible ◽  
Rotary Speed ◽  
Cutting Model

Due to the need for accurate exploration of deep-sea scientific research, drilling techniques by combining the operational advantages of the Jiaolong manned submersible is considered one of the most feasible methods for deep-sea bedrock drilling. Based on deep sea bedrock cutting model and discrete element simulation, as well as efficient drilling as the design criterion, the development of a deep sea 7000 m electromechanical coring apparatus was carried out. The outstanding feature of this technology is that the bit load produced by the drill pressure is usually within the range 100–400 N while the recommended load for diamond drilling is 1–3 KN or even more. Therefore, searching for the drilling bits that can drill in extremely hard formations with minimal load and acceptable rates of penetration and rotary speed is the necessary step to prove the feasibility of electromechanical deep-sea drilling technology. A test has been designed and constructed to examine three types of drill bits. The results of experiments show that the new low-load polycrystalline diamond compact (PDC) bit has the highest penetration length of 138 mm/15 min under a 300 N load and 250 rpm rotary speed. Finally, field tests with the Jiaolong submersible were used to conduct deep sea experiments and verify the load model, which provides theoretical and technical data on the use of a low-load core sampling drill developed specifically for a deep sea submersible.

Mechanical Analysis of Warm Extrusion Precision Forming on 42CrMo Steel Cutting Pick

2012 ◽  
Vol 538-541 ◽  
pp. 1061-1066 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Jian Su ◽  
Quan Lan Li ◽  
Lin Jing Xiao ◽  
Su Min Guo
Keyword(s):  
New Technology ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Extrusion Force ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
42Crmo Steel ◽  
Pick Body ◽  
Mining Tool ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Warm Extrusion

Cutting pick is a kind of widely-used consumptive mining tool. The traditional producing technics of cutting pick body is foundry, or machining after roughly forging, or machining directly from metal bar. By former technics, the property of products is poor, and by latter, the material availability is low and the cost is high. The patent technology for cutting pick body warm extrusion introduced in this paper can overcome all the disadvantages mentioned above. In this paper, by analyzing the characteristic of cutting pick body warm extrusion, adopting the principle of power balance to solve the approximate solution of strain forces, the approximate calculating formulas of extruding power are deduced. The main factors affecting on extrusion force are determined theoretically. This research can be used as basis to design tooling and choose proper equipment for this new technology.

The Rod Force Law Analysis of 600MW Air Cooling Tower

2014 ◽  
Vol 945-949 ◽  
pp. 1135-1138
Author(s):  
Tao Liang ◽  
Chun Ling Meng ◽  
Yang Li ◽  
Xiu Hua Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Axial Force ◽  
Optimization Design ◽  
Cooling Tower ◽  
Air Cooling ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis ◽  
The Cost

The finite element analysis of large air cooling tower was carried out using ABAQUS. On the basis of strength above,8 types of the axial force are analyzed and summarized, find valuable rules, and put forward the further optimization design. So that it can satisfy the strength and stability of air cooling tower, the structure is more reasonable, reduce weight, reduce the cost.

A Geometric Parametric Analysis of a Magnetorheological Engine Mount

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Walter Anderson ◽  
Constantine Ciocanel ◽  
Mohammad Elahinia
Keyword(s):  
High Frequency ◽  
New Technology ◽  
Low Frequency ◽  
Variable Stiffness ◽  
Small Displacement ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Mr Fluid ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Engine Mount ◽  
Vehicle Technology

Engine vibration has caused a great deal of research for isolation to be performed. Traditionally, isolation was achieved through the use of pure elastomeric (rubber) mounts. However, with advances in vehicle technology, these types of mounts have become inadequate. The inadequacy stems from the vibration profile associated with the engine, i.e. high displacement at low frequency and small displacement at high frequency. Ideal isolation would be achieved through a stiff mount for low frequency and a soft mount for high frequency. This is contradictory to the performance of the elastomeric mounts. Hydraulic mounts were then developed to address this problem. A hydraulic mount has variable stiffness and damping due to the use of a decoupler and an inertia track. However, further advances in vehicle technology have rendered these mounts inadequate as well. Examples of these advances are hybridization (electric and hydraulic) and cylinder on demand (VCM, MDS & ACC). With these technologies, the vibration excitation has a significantly different profile, occurs over a wide range of frequencies, and calls for a new technology that can address this need. Magnetorheological (MR) fluid is a smart material that is able to change viscosity in the presence of a magnetic field. With the use of MR fluid, variable damping and stiffness can be achieved. An MR mount has been developed and tested. The performance of the mount depends on the geometry of the rubber part as well as the behavior of the MR fluid. The rubber top of the mount is the topic of this study due to its major impact on the isolation characteristics of the MR mount. To develop a design methodology to address the isolation needs of different hybrid vehicles, a geometric parametric finite element analysis has been completed and presented in this paper.

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