scholarly journals Deep Trade Agreements and Domestic Institutions in the Americas

2021 ◽  
Vol 56 (3) ◽  
pp. 607
Author(s):  
Laura Gómez-Mera ◽  
Gonzalo Varela
Keyword(s):  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Domestic Institutions

scholarly journals Quality of Indonesia’s Domestic Institutions and Export Performance in the Era of Global Value Chains

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arief Bustaman ◽  
Rina Indiastuti ◽  
B Budiono ◽  
Titik Anas
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Goods ◽  
Export Performance ◽  
Institutional Quality ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Global Value Chains ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Trading Partner ◽  
Value Chains ◽  
Domestic Institutions ◽  
Capital Goods

Abstract The focus of this research is on analysing the effects of institutional quality and trade agreements on Indonesia bilateral trade in four commodity groups in the era of global value chains (GVSs). Employing a panel data gravity model of Indonesian export of four commodities to Indonesia’s 18 trading partners from 2000 to 2018, and estimating the Feasible Generalized Least Squares (FGLS) and the Poisson Pseudo Maximum Likelihood Method (PPML), the results of this study find that institutional quality plays a different role in explaining Indonesia’s export performance of those four commodities, despite the fact that institutions contribute positively. Regarding raw material and capital goods export, trading partner institutions are significant factors for Indonesian export of the two commodities. On two commodities that are relevant to Indonesia participation in the global value chain, exported intermediates and consumer goods, we find that although both domestic institutions and trading partner institutions are significant to Indonesian export, but we argue that domestic institutions contribute more. This study also reveals that through tariff reductions, Indonesian trade agreements are significant regarding export of intermediate and consumer goods, but less so for raw material and capital goods.

Autocracies and the international sources of cooperation

2017 ◽  
Vol 54 (3) ◽  
pp. 412-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Soumyajit Mazumder
Keyword(s):  
International Institutions ◽  
Dispute Settlement ◽  
International System ◽  
Empirical Support ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Preferential Trade Agreements ◽  
Domestic Institutions ◽  
Structural Position ◽  
Conflict Initiation ◽  
Militarized Interstate Dispute

Under what conditions do autocracies peacefully settle disputes? Existing studies tend to focus on the domestic factors that shape conflict initiation. In this article, I show how domestic institutions interact with international institutions to produce more cooperative outcomes. Particularly, this study argues that as autocracies become more central in the network of liberal institutions such as preferential trade agreements (PTAs), they are less likely to initiate a militarized interstate dispute (MID). As a state becomes more democratic, the effect of centrality within the PTA network on the peaceful dispute settlement dissipates. This is because greater embeddedness in the PTA regime is associated with enhanced transparency for autocracies, which allows autocracies to mitigate ex ante informational problems in dispute resolution. Using a dataset of MID initiation from 1965 to 1999, this study finds robust empirical support for the aforementioned hypothesis. Moreover, the results are substantively significant. Further analysis into the causal mechanisms at work provides evidence in favor of the information mechanism. Autocrats who are more embedded in the PTA network tend to have higher levels of economic transparency and economic transparency itself is associated with lower rates of conflict initiation. The results suggest that an autocrat’s structural position within the international system can help to peacefully settle its disputes.

AN ANALYSIS OF THE EU’S INVESTMENT POLICY AFTER CETA: EFFECTS ON THE BULGARIAN ECONOMY

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nikolay Marin ◽  
◽  
Mariya Paskaleva ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Bilateral Trade ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Investment Policy ◽  
National Parliaments ◽  
Total Employment ◽  
Investment Protection ◽  
New Generation

In this paper we analyze the changes of the EU’s investment policy provoked by the mixed trade agreements. The EU’s investment policy has turned towards attaining bilateral trade agreements. One of these “new-generation” agreements is the Comprehensive Economic and Trade Agreement (CETA). It is in a process of being ratified by the national parliaments of the EU members. This study is focused on the general characteristics of CETA and the eventual problems posed by its regulatory and wide-ranging nature. We prove that the significance of this agreement pertains not only to the economic influence, that it will have on the European and Canadian economies, but CETA is also the first trade agreement to have been negotiated with a focus on investment protection and a change in the EU’s investment policy. The current study reveals the influence arising from the conclusion of CETA on the Bulgarian economy with an emphasis on electronic industry, machinery industry and manufacturing. We estimate both – the direct and indirect effects on Bulgaria’s exports, imports, value added and employment. In order to estimate the influence, we apply the multi-regional input-output model. It is proved that CETA will have a low but positive impact on the Bulgarian economy. After constructing different scenarios of development, we prove that the influence of CETA on the Bulgarian economy will amount to 0.010% GDP. The average total employment will be increased by more than 172 jobs in Bulgaria, which in turn, relative to the labor market, represents less than 0.01% of the total employment.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document