ACADEMICIAN V.L. KOMAROV IN THE PERCEPTION OF CONTEMPORS

2021 ◽  
Vol 69 ◽  
Author(s):  
V.V. Bogatov ◽  
◽  
I.A. Urmina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Ussr Academy ◽  
The Public ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Main Thing ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

On the example of an interview with V.V. Bogatov and I.A. Urmina – by the authors of the book "Academician Komarov and His Time", prepared by the famous Moscow journalist Sergei Sharkshane, it is shown that the figure of Academician Vladimir Leontyevich Komarov, as the head of the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1931–1945, was not only underestimated in the public consciousness of his contemporaries, but also unjustifiably defamed, while archival documents suggest otherwise. In his article, Sergei Sharkshane suggested concentrating on the main thing - overcoming injustices.

scholarly journals Correspondence of S.F. Platonov and M.M. Bogoslovsky

2021 ◽  
pp. 174-184
Author(s):  
Andrey V. Melnikov ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
The Public ◽  
Significant Events ◽  
The Everyday ◽  
Science In Russia ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article is devoted to the source features of a unique documentary complex – the correspondence of two major Russian historians S.F. Platonov (1860–1933) and M.M. Bogoslovsky (1867–1929). The epistolary dialogue of scientists is of considerable interest not only in terms of studying their life and work. The confidential correspondence reflects significant events in the scientific and social life of Russia, Moscow, Petersburg-Petrograd-Leningrad. Correspondence is a valuable historical and historiographic source not only for understanding the development of historical science in Russia, the formation of Moscow and St. Petersburg historical schools, but also for studying the public consciousness of the Russian humanitarian intelligentsia at the end of the 19th — first third of the 20th centuries, in-depth knowledge of the culture of a turning point in the history of Russia. The letters contain valuable information about the everyday life and life of the professors, the organization of scientific life at the Academy of Sciences, the Archaeographic commission, at Moscow university and the Moscow theological academy, at the Moscow higher courses for women, at the Institute of history of the RANION, the Historical Museum, other higher educational institutions and scientific societies two capitals, they reflect the international ties of domestic historical science with scientists from Great Britain, Germany, France, USA, Czech Republic.

scholarly journals Evolution of “Academic Sector” of Soviet Historical Science in 1920s—1960s.

2020 ◽  
pp. 271-289
Author(s):  
O. V. Metel
Keyword(s):  
Ussr Academy ◽  
Subsequent Development ◽  
Historical Science ◽  
Academic Center ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Historical Profile ◽  
Soviet Historiography ◽  
Academic Sector

The evolution of the “academic sector” of Soviet historical science is analyzed, the process ofits formation and subsequent development is considered. The relevance of the study is due to themethodological searches of modern historiography, focused on the study of the internal mechanismsof the development of the research tradition. The author identifies the main stages of building theorganizational structure of the Soviet academic historical science, relying on a wide range of publishedand previously not introduced into circulation of archival documents, as well as taking intoaccount the latest developments of modern historiographers. The author believes that the model oforganizing historical research within the framework of the USSR Academy of Sciences was formedunder the influence of the pre-revolutionary tradition and institutional “experiments” of the first yearsof Soviet power. In the course of the study, the author came to the conclusion that the first stageof the formation of the “academic sector” of Soviet historiography fell on the 1930s and was associatedwith the formation of the “academic center” — the Moscow institutes of the Department of Historyand Philosophy of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR, the second stage of this process endedin 1950s and assumed the formation of “academic periphery” — institutions of the historical profile of branches, bases and departments of the USSR Academy of Sciences and republican academies of sciences. The author believes that the formation of the “academic sector” took place under the influence of external (political-ideological) and internal (scientific) factors. 

scholarly journals History and activities of the Kourovka astronomical observatory of the Ural university

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 314-327
Author(s):  
E. D. Kuznetsov ◽  
T. I. Levitskaya ◽  
A. M. Sobolev
Keyword(s):  
Graduate Students ◽  
Ussr Academy ◽  
Astronomical Observatory ◽  
Optical Observations ◽  
Scientific Conference ◽  
The Public ◽  
The Earth ◽  
History Of ◽  
Scientific Adviser ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The history of origin and scientific activities of the suburban Astronomical Observatory of the Ural University are associated with K.A. Barkhatova’s life and work, among her achievements were restoration of the Department of Astronomy and Geodesy in 1960, and the resumption of the training of specialists in astronomy and geodesy. The First satellite launch on October 4, 1957 was great stimulus for the opening of department. A station for optical observations of satellites was organized in Sverdlovsk. Successful scientific and academic work of the department required a modern, properly equipped suburban observatory. Yu.A. Gagarin flight around the Earth on April 12, 1961 aroused unprecedented interest in astronomy and space among people and accelerated the resolution of the issue of an observatory construction. K.A. Barkhatova, with the support of colleagues from the Astronomical Council of the USSR Academy of Sciences, other observatories of the country, rector of the Ural University, and the public took up the construction. In 1963 the observatory near Kourovka station was founded. January 12, 1965 is considered to be the birthday of the new observatory. K.A. Barkhatova was it’s scientific adviser; at present, the observatory is named after her. The observatory performs observations on modern equipment, conducts excursions for students, teachers and public. Each year, the observatory hosts a student scientific conference "Physics of Space" – a unique astronomical school for young students and graduate students.

scholarly journals Establishing and developing the system of libraries of the USSR Academy of Sciences regional branches: the 1930s-1945

2021 ◽  
pp. 9-35
Author(s):  
M. V. Levner ◽  
N. A. Vinogradova
Keyword(s):  
Academic Libraries ◽  
Ussr Academy ◽  
Real Data ◽  
Synthetic Methods ◽  
Scientific Publications ◽  
Academic Organizations ◽  
Scientific Institutions ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
Library Network ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article is devoted to organizing the work of the USSR Academy of Sciences (AS) libraries in the 1930s, while creating a network of scientific branches and bases of AS in the country regions. The main goal of the created library system was to provide scientists working far from Moscow and Leningrad with scientific publications according with the specialization of newly created scientific institutions. The article attempts to recall how the expansion of the system of academic libraries in the USSR has started, and provides real data on their work. The authors overview the academic organizations created on the periphery, describes the processes of acquisitions and methodological management of libraries of branches and bases of the USSR Academy of Sciences.The principles of formation of science library network proved to be effective and the system of academic libraries expanded successfully for decades. The factual base of the article were the documents found in the archives of the Library of Natural Sciences RAS, in the Moscow and St. Petersburg Archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences, in some regional archives and materials available on the Internet sites. The authors used a general scientific methodology, applying source study, archaeographic and analytical-synthetic methods of working with archival documents.The article is devoted to organizing the work of the USSR Academy of Sciences (AS) libraries in the 1930s, while creating a network of scientific branches and bases of AS in the country regions. The main goal of the created library system was to provide scientists working far from Moscow and Leningrad with scientific publications according with the specialization of newly created scientific institutions. The article attempts to recall how the expansion of the system of academic libraries in the USSR has started, and provides real data on their work. The authors overview the academic organizations created on the periphery, describes the processes of acquisitions and methodological management of libraries of branches and bases of the USSR Academy of Sciences.The principles of formation of science library network proved to be effective and the system of academic libraries expanded successfully for decades. The factual base of the article were the documents found in the archives of the Library of Natural Sciences RAS, in the Moscow and St. Petersburg Archives of the Russian Academy of Sciences, in some regional archives and materials available on the Internet sites. The authors used a general scientific methodology, applying source study, archaeographic and analytical-synthetic methods of working with archival documents.

scholarly journals Activities of the Bibliographic Commission of the USSR Academy of Sciences during the Great Patriotic War

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (2) ◽  
pp. 191-201
Author(s):  
Natalia A. Vinogradova ◽  
Mikhail V. Levner
Keyword(s):  
Ussr Academy ◽  
Information Support ◽  
State University ◽  
Decent Work ◽  
Strategic Decisions ◽  
Great Patriotic War ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
State Library ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
The Military

On the eve of anniversary of the Victory in the Great Patriotic War, the authors turned to the previously unexplored subject, namely, the work of bibliographers of the USSR Academy of Sciences for the defence of the country. Before, the professional work of bibliographers during the War was not studied in this aspect that determines the relevance and scientific novelty of the topic under consideration. The purpose of the article is to show that during the War bibliography turned from ideological tool of the Party to form a new type of person into the only reliable information tool for solving the most important warfare and national economic problems in the wartime conditions.The article describes the work of the Commission for compilation of bibliography by countries, which was formed under the Section of the special libraries network of the USSR Academy of Sciences in May 1942. Based on the unique archival documents, the authors show for the first time how bibliographers of the libraries of the USSR Academy of Sciences in cooperation with colleagues from the V.I. Lenin State Library of the USSR, the Moscow State University named after M.V. Lomonosov, the Central Polytechnic library and other major libraries of the country managed to provide the military leadership, scientists and specialists of the national economy with reliable timely information on problems that arose in wartime, up to making strategic decisions in the field of planning defence, offensives and radical reorganization of industry and agriculture. The authors conclude that the decent work of bibliographers in the war years, providing information for any level of decision-making, played its role in approaching the Victory. This is the basis for understanding the current role of library specialists, their professionalism and responsibility in the information support for the development of Russia.

scholarly journals The Prospect of Forming a Unified Kazakh Nation in the Context of the Modernization of Public Consciousness

Adam alemi ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 88 (2) ◽  
pp. 90-100
Author(s):  
Nurken Aitymbetov ◽  
◽  
Kulzya Abdir ◽  
Shyrynkul Tukhmarova ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
National Identity ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Social Harmony ◽  
Interethnic Relations ◽  
Historical Experience ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Consciousness ◽  
Identity Based ◽  
Main Thing ◽  
State Programs

The article examines the prospect of the formation of the Kazakhstani civil nation as a consequence of the process of implementing state programs in the field of interethnic relations, strategic planning of these processes in the context of the modernization of the public consciousness of Kazakhstani society. As the historical experience of the formation of nations shows, spiritual modernization actively influences the processes of changing the national consciousness of peoples. In this regard, the authors consider such aspects of the formation of national identity as national history, the idea of social harmony and peace as interrelated necessary foundations of modernization processes. Accordingly, on this basis it is necessary to form a national identity based on the principle of citizenship, which should be a consolidating moment for representatives of all ethnic groups and confessions. Therefore, the main thing from the point of view of the tasks set in the article is the study of the main directions of state policy in the field of the formation of a single nation, which is assumed to be one of the consequences of the spiritual revival of Kazakhstani society.

scholarly journals Formation of the Library of the Ural Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences in 1932—1940

2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (4) ◽  
pp. 426-434
Author(s):  
Olga V. Kamalova
Keyword(s):  
Ussr Academy ◽  
Academic Science ◽  
Library Services ◽  
Simultaneous Formation ◽  
Material Resources ◽  
Archival Documents ◽  
History Of ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Private Collections ◽  
Central Scientific

The article considers organization of information and library services for scientists of the Ural Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences during the formation of academic science in the Urals in 1932—1940. The author discusses the activities of the Library of the Ural Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences (now the Central Scientific Library of the Ural Branch of the Russian Academy of Sciences, the Central Scientific Library of the UB RAS) against the background of the development of the Branch, which experienced repeated attempts to reform and eliminate in the first years of its existence. Financial and personnel difficulties of those years affected both the activities of the Ural Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences as a whole and the development of the Library. The turning point in the history of the Library of the Ural Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences was its integration in 1939 into the Ural Institute of Physics and Technology, which had considerable material resources and personnel potential.Based on the library and previously unknown archival documents, the author makes the conclusion on the simultaneous formation of both collections — the Branch library and the Institute library, which later formed the unified library stock of the Library of the Ural Branch of the USSR Academy of Sciences. The article studies the development of each of these collections during 1932—1940. The author describes contribution of individual scientists to the development of the Library, the history of the appearance of some private collections in its holdings. The article provides information about the first employees of the institution.

“Against the Background of Pushkin”: S.I. Vavilov’s Speech at a Meeting at the Poet’s Monument in June 1949

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (5) ◽  
pp. 550-559
Author(s):  
Aleksandr Yu. Samarin
Keyword(s):  
Literary Criticism ◽  
Communist Party ◽  
Ussr Academy ◽  
Russian Scientist ◽  
Critical Attitude ◽  
150Th Anniversary ◽  
Soviet State ◽  
The Press ◽  
Academy Of Sciences

The article introduces a previously unpublished speech of the outstanding Russian scientist-physicist, President of the USSR Academy of Sciences, academician Sergey Ivanovich Vavilov, which was delivered by him at the anniversary meeting held on June 5, 1949, at the monument to Alexander Pushkin in Moscow in connection with the celebration of the 150th anniversary of the great Russian poet’s birth. S.I. Vavilov was a great connoisseur of Pushkin’s poetry and literature about him. In the second half of the 1940s, Vavilov actively participated in projects to prepare the anniversary celebrations dedicated to Alexander Pushkin and perpetuate the memory of the poet. Analysis of S.I. Vavilov’s speech, which, unlike his other “Pushkin speeches”, was not intended for the press, shows that in evaluating the great poet’s work, along with the use of cliches, traditional for the epoch, the scientist also took certain liberties. In particular, he did not utter the ritual words praising Stalin, the Communist Party and the Soviet State. The poet Ya.P. Polonsky quoted by Vavilov was not among the classics recognized by Soviet literary criticism, and the selected quote from him could be interpreted as a hint of condemnation of the surrounding Stalinist reality. Numerous fragments of the scientist’s personal diaries indicate his critical attitude towards the latter, in particular.

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