scholarly journals Effectiveness of Preoperative Physical Therapy for Elective Cardiac Surgery

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Reed Humphrey ◽  
Daniel Malone
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Elective Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cochrane Reviews ◽  
Clinical Scenarios

<LEAP> highlights the findings and application of Cochrane reviews and other evidence pertinent to the practice of physical therapy. The Cochrane Library is a respected source of reliable evidence related to health care. Cochrane systematic reviews explore the evidence for and against the effectiveness and appropriateness of interventions—medications, surgery, education, nutrition, exercise—and the evidence for and against the use of diagnostic tests for specific conditions. Cochrane reviews are designed to facilitate the decisions of clinicians, patients, and others in health care by providing a careful review and interpretation of research studies published in the scientific literature.1Each article in thisPTJseries summarizes a Cochrane review or other scientific evidence resource on a single topic and will present clinical scenarios based on real patients to illustrate how the results of the review can be used to directly inform clinical decisions. This article focuses on the effectiveness of preoperative physical therapy for elective cardiac surgery.More specifically, does preoperative physical therapy prevent postoperative pulmonary complications in patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery, and, if so, what types of interventions are most effective, and do patients with certain characteristics benefit from therapy?

Supervised Exercise Therapy for Intermittent Claudication

2019 ◽  
Vol 100 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-13
Author(s):  
Débora Úrsula Fernandes Souza ◽  
Débora Pantuso Monteiro ◽  
Rafael Zambelli Pinto ◽  
Danielle Aparecida Gomes Pereira
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Intermittent Claudication ◽  
Exercise Therapy ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Supervised Exercise ◽  
Cochrane Reviews ◽  
Clinical Scenarios

Abstract <LEAP> Highlights the findings and application of Cochrane reviews and other evidence pertinent to the practice of physical therapy. The Cochrane Library is a respected source of reliable evidence related to health care. Cochrane systematic reviews explore the evidence for and against the effectiveness and appropriateness of interventions—medication, surgery, education, nutrition, and exercise—and the evidence for and against the use of diagnostic tests for specific conditions. Cochrane reviews are designed to facilitate the decisions of clinicians, patients, and others in health care by providing a careful review and interpretation of research studies published in the scientific literature. Each article in this Physical Therapy (PTJ) series will summarize a Cochrane review or other scientific evidence resource on a single topic and will present clinical scenarios based on real patients to illustrate how the results of the review can be used to directly inform clinical decisions. This article focuses on the effectiveness of supervised exercise therapy for intermittent claudication. Can supervised exercise therapy help a person with intermittent claudication?

scholarly journals Multidisciplinary Biopsychosocial Rehabilitation for Nonspecific Chronic Low Back Pain

2016 ◽  
Vol 96 (6) ◽  
pp. 759-763 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bruno T. Saragiotto ◽  
Matheus O. de Almeida ◽  
Tiê P. Yamato ◽  
Chris G. Maher
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Low Back Pain ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Chronic Low Back Pain ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Low Back ◽  
Cochrane Reviews ◽  
Clinical Scenarios

<LEAP> highlights the findings and application of Cochrane reviews and other evidence pertinent to the practice of physical therapy. The Cochrane Library is a respected source of reliable evidence related to health care. Cochrane systematic reviews explore the evidence for and against the effectiveness and appropriateness of interventions—medications, surgery, education, nutrition, exercises—and the evidence for and against the use of diagnostic tests for specific conditions. Cochrane reviews are designed to facilitate the decisions of clinicians, patients, and others in health care by providing a careful review and interpretation of research studies published in the scientific literature.1Each article in thisPTJseries will summarize a Cochrane review or other scientific evidence resource on a single topic and will present clinical scenarios based on real patients to illustrate how the results of the review can be used to directly inform clinical decisions. This article focuses on the effectiveness of multidisciplinary biopsychosocial rehabilitation for nonspecific chronic low back pain.Can multidisciplinary biopsychosocial rehabilitation help this patient with chronic low back pain?

scholarly journals Physical Therapist Interventions for Parkinson Disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 95 (3) ◽  
pp. 299-305 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robyn Gisbert ◽  
Margaret Schenkman
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Physical Therapist ◽  
Scientific Evidence ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Exercise Program ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cochrane Reviews ◽  
Clinical Scenarios ◽  
Surgery Education

<LEAP> highlights the findings and application of Cochrane reviews and other evidence pertinent to the practice of physical therapy. The Cochrane Library is a respected source of reliable evidence related to health care. Cochrane systematic reviews explore the evidence for and against the effectiveness of appropriate interventions—medications, surgery, education, nutrition, exercise—and the evidence for and against the use of diagnostic tests for specific conditions. Cochrane reviews are designed to facilitate the decisions of clinicians, patients, and others in health care by providing a careful review and interpretation of research studies published in the scientific literature.1Each article in thisPTJseries summarizes a Cochrane review or other scientific evidence on a single topic and presents clinical scenarios based on real patients or programs to illustrate how the results of the review can be used to directly inform clinical decisions. This article focuses on an adult patient with relatively early Parkinson disease.Can physical therapist intervention strategies improve his physical functioning and help him reach his goal of engaging in an exercise program to prevent decline related to progressive Parkinson disease?

scholarly journals The impact of Cochrane Reviews: a mixed-methods evaluation of outputs from Cochrane Review Groups supported by the National Institute for Health Research

2015 ◽  
Vol 19 (28) ◽  
pp. 1-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Frances Bunn ◽  
Daksha Trivedi ◽  
Phil Alderson ◽  
Laura Hamilton ◽  
Alice Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Health Research ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Value For Money ◽  
Health Technologies ◽  
Cochrane Reviews ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundThe last few decades have seen a growing emphasis on evidence-informed decision-making in health care. Systematic reviews, such as those produced by Cochrane, have been a key component of this movement. The National Institute for Health Research (NIHR) Systematic Review Programme currently supports 20 Cochrane Review Groups (CRGs) in the UK and it is important that this funding represents value for money.Aims and objectivesThe overall aim was to identify the impacts and likely impacts on health care, patient outcomes and value for money of Cochrane Reviews published by 20 NIHR-funded CRGs during the years 2007–11.DesignWe sent questionnaires to CRGs and review authors, undertook interviews with guideline developers (GDs) and used bibliometrics and documentary review to get an overview of CRG impact and to evaluate the impact of a sample of 60 Cochrane Reviews. The evaluation was guided by a framework with four categories (knowledge production, research targeting, informing policy development and impact on practice/services).ResultsA total of 3187 new and updated reviews were published on the Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews between 2007 and 2011, 1502 (47%) of which were produced by the 20 CRGs funded by the NIHR. We found 40 examples where reviews appeared to have influenced primary research and reviews had contributed to the creation of new knowledge and stimulated debate. Twenty-seven of the 60 reviews had 100 or more citations in Google Scholar™ (Google, CA, USA). Overall, 483 systematic reviews had been cited in 247 sets of guidance. This included 62 sets of international guidance, 175 sets of national guidance (87 from the UK) and 10 examples of local guidance. Evidence from the interviews suggested that Cochrane Reviews often play an instrumental role in informing guidance, although reviews being a poor fit with guideline scope or methods, reviews being out of date and a lack of communication between CRGs and GDs were barriers to their use. Cochrane Reviews appeared to have led to a number of benefits to the health service including safer or more appropriate use of medication or other health technologies or the identification of new effective drugs or treatments. However, whether or not these changes were directly as a result of the Cochrane Review and not the result of subsequent clinical guidance was difficult to judge. Potential benefits of Cochrane Reviews included economic benefits through budget savings or the release of funds, improvements in clinical quality, the reduction in the use of unproven or unnecessary procedures and improvements in patient and carer experiences.ConclusionsThis study identified a number of impacts and likely impacts of Cochrane Reviews. The clearest impacts of Cochrane Reviews are on research targeting and health-care policy, with less evidence of a direct impact on clinical practice and the organisation and delivery of NHS services. Although it is important for researchers to consider how they might increase the influence of their work, such impacts are difficult to measure. More work is required to develop suitable methods for defining and quantifying the impact of research.FundingThe NIHR Health Technology Assessment programme.

scholarly journals What is a Cochrane review?

2011 ◽  
Vol 20 (3) ◽  
pp. 231-233 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Cipriani ◽  
T. A. Furukawa ◽  
C. Barbui
Keyword(s):  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Cochrane Collaboration ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Evidence Based ◽  
Editorial Process ◽  
For Profit ◽  
Not For Profit ◽  
Cochrane Reviews ◽  
Evidence Based Healthcare ◽  
The Cochrane Library

Systematic reviews carried out by Cochrane Collaboration (an international network of researchers belonging to this independent, not-for-profit organization) are recognized worldwide as the highest standard in evidence-based healthcare. The main reason is that Cochrane reviews follow a common and specific methodology to limit bias and random error. In this issue, we highlight the most important methodological features of Cochrane reviews, also reporting details on the editorial process to publish the review in the Cochrane Library.

Preoperative physical therapy for elective cardiac surgery patients

2012 ◽  
Author(s):  
Erik HJ Hulzebos ◽  
Yolba Smit ◽  
Paul PJM Helders ◽  
Nico LU van Meeteren
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Physical Therapy ◽  
Elective Cardiac Surgery

scholarly journals Exercise-Based Rehabilitation to Improve Exercise Capacity and Quality of Life in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension

2019 ◽  
Vol 99 (9) ◽  
pp. 1126-1131
Author(s):  
Abraham S Babu ◽  
Anne E Holland ◽  
Norman R Morris
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Arterial Hypertension ◽  
Exercise Capacity ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cochrane Reviews ◽  
Pulmonary Arterial ◽  
Improve Exercise Capacity

Abstract <LEAP> highlights the findings and application of Cochrane reviews and other evidence pertinent to the practice of physical therapy. The Cochrane Library is a respected source of reliable evidence related to health care. Cochrane systematic reviews explore the evidence for and against the effectiveness and appropriateness of interventions—medications, surgery, education, nutrition, exercise—and the evidence for and against the use of diagnostic tests for specific conditions. Cochrane reviews are designed to facilitate the decisions of clinicians, patients, and others in health care by providing a careful review and interpretation of research studies published in the scientific literature. Each article in this PTJ series summarizes a Cochrane review or other scientific evidence on a single topic and presents clinical scenarios based on real patients or programs to illustrate how the results of the review can be used to directly inform clinical decisions. This article focuses on people diagnosed with pulmonary arterial hypertension. Can exercise-based rehabilitation programs improve exercise capacity and quality of life in people with pulmonary arterial hypertension?

scholarly journals Effect of ventilation strategy during cardiopulmonary bypass on postoperative pulmonary complications after cardiac surgery: a randomized clinical trial

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Meng-Qiu Zhang ◽  
Yu-Qi Liao ◽  
Hong Yu ◽  
Xue-Fei Li ◽  
Wei Shi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Cardiopulmonary Bypass ◽  
Ideal Body Weight ◽  
Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Postoperative Pulmonary Complications ◽  
Clinical Trial Registry ◽  
Elective Cardiac Surgery ◽  
Fraction Of Inspired Oxygen ◽  
Grade 3

Abstract Background To determine whether maintaining ventilation during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) with a different fraction of inspired oxygen (FiO2) had an impact on the occurrence of postoperative pulmonary complications (PPCs). Methods A total of 413 adult patients undergoing elective cardiac surgery with CPB were randomly assigned into three groups: 138 in the NoV group (received no mechanical ventilation during CPB), 138 in the LOV group (received a tidal volume (VT) of 3–4 ml/kg of ideal body weight with the respiratory rate of 10–12 bpm, and the positive end-expiratory pressure of 5–8 cmH2O during CPB; the FiO2 was 30%), and 137 in the HOV group (received the same ventilation parameters settings as the LOV group while the FiO2 was 80%). Results The primary outcomes were the incidence and severity of PPCs during hospitalization. The composite incidence of PPCs did not significantly differ between the NoV (63%), LOV (49%) and HOV (57%) groups (P = 0.069). And there was also no difference regarding the incidence of PPCs between the non-ventilation (NoV) and ventilation (the combination of LOV and HOV) groups. The LOV group was observed a lower proportion of moderate and severe pulmonary complications (grade ≥ 3) than the NoV group (23.1% vs. 44.2%, P = 0.001). Conclusion Maintaining ventilation during CPB did not reduce the incidence of PPCs in patients undergoing cardiac surgery. Trial registration: Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR1800015261. Prospectively registered 19 March 2018. http://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=25982

scholarly journals ‘WP2Cochrane’, a tool linking Wikipedia to the Cochrane Library: Results of a bibliometric analysis evaluating article quality and importance

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 1881-1897 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arash Joorabchi ◽  
Cailbhe Doherty ◽  
Jennifer Dawson
Keyword(s):  
Bibliometric Analysis ◽  
Medical Information ◽  
Multinomial Logistic Regression ◽  
Cochrane Review ◽  
Automated System ◽  
Cochrane Library ◽  
Cochrane Reviews ◽  
Indexing System ◽  
The Cochrane Library ◽  
Article Quality

Medical information on English Wikipedia was accessed over 2 billion times in 2018. Our goal was to develop an automated system to assist Wikipedia volunteers to improve articles with high-quality sources from journals such as The Cochrane Library. We created an automated indexing system by linking available reviews from the Cochrane library with disease-related Wikipedia articles and evaluating the relationship between the quality and importance of these articles with the number of relevant and cited Cochrane reviews. We first conducted a bibliometric analysis, identifying disease-related Wikipedia articles and relevant/cited Cochrane reviews. Citations were thematically coded, and descriptive statistics were calculated. Finally, separate multinomial logistic regression analyses were conducted for article quality and importance. The indexing system identified 4381 disease-related Wikipedia articles, 1193 (27%) of which cited a Cochrane review. Higher quality Wikipedia articles were more likely to cite a Cochrane review (p = 0.002), while lower quality articles were less likely to cite a Cochrane review (p < 0.0005). A greater number of Cochrane reviews are available for more ‘important’ Wikipedia articles (p < 0.005), and these articles were more likely to cite a Cochrane review (p < 0.005). This approach to an indexing system can be leveraged by Wikipedia contributors and editors seeking to update disease-related Wikipedia articles with relevant Cochrane reviews (thus improving their quality), and online information seekers in need of additional information to supplement their Wikipedia search.

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