scholarly journals Accuracy of 2 Activity Monitors in Detecting Steps in People With Stroke and Traumatic Brain Injury

2014 ◽  
Vol 94 (2) ◽  
pp. 222-229 ◽  
Author(s):  
George D. Fulk ◽  
Stephanie A. Combs ◽  
Kelly A. Danks ◽  
Coby D. Nirider ◽  
Bhavana Raja ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Activity Monitor ◽  
Mean Difference ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Activity Monitors ◽  
Walking Activity

Background Advances in sensor technologies and signal processing techniques provide a method to accurately measure walking activity in the home and community. Activity monitors geared toward consumer or patient use may be an alternative to more expensive monitors designed for research to measure stepping activity. Objective The objective of this study was to examine the accuracy of 2 consumer/patient activity monitors, the Fitbit Ultra and the Nike+ Fuelband, in identifying stepping activity in people with stroke and traumatic brain injury (TBI). Secondarily, the study sought to compare the accuracy of these 2 activity monitors with that of the StepWatch Activity Monitor (SAM) and a pedometer, the Yamax Digi-Walker SW-701 pedometer (YDWP). Design A cross-sectional design was used for this study. Method People with chronic stroke and TBI wore the 4 activity monitors while they performed the Two-Minute Walk Test (2MWT), during which they were videotaped. Activity monitor estimated steps taken were compared with actual steps taken counted from videotape. Accuracy and agreement between activity monitor estimated steps and actual steps were examined using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC [2,1]) and the Bland-Altman method. Results The SAM demonstrated the greatest accuracy (ICC [2,1]=.97, mean difference between actual steps and SAM estimated steps=4.7 steps) followed by the Fitbit Ultra (ICC [2,1]=.73, mean difference between actual steps and Fitbit Ultra estimated steps=−9.7 steps), the YDWP (ICC [2,1]=.42, mean difference between actual steps and YDWP estimated steps=−28.8 steps), and the Nike+ Fuelband (ICC [2,1]=.20, mean difference between actual steps and Nike+ Fuelband estimated steps=−66.2 steps). Limitations Walking activity was measured over a short distance in a closed environment, and participants were high functioning ambulators, with a mean gait speed of 0.93 m/s. Conclusions The Fitbit Ultra may be a low-cost alternative to measure the stepping activity in level, predictable environments of people with stroke and TBI who can walk at speeds ≥0.58 m/s.

scholarly journals Detecting functional connectivity disruptions in a translational pediatric traumatic brain injury porcine model using resting-state and task-based fMRI

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gregory Simchick ◽  
Kelly M. Scheulin ◽  
Wenwu Sun ◽  
Sydney E. Sneed ◽  
Madison M. Fagan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Functional Connectivity ◽  
Resting State ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Brain Network ◽  
Network Activity ◽  
Anatomical Structures ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
And Task

AbstractFunctional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) has significant potential to evaluate changes in brain network activity after traumatic brain injury (TBI) and enable early prognosis of potential functional (e.g., motor, cognitive, behavior) deficits. In this study, resting-state and task-based fMRI (rs- and tb-fMRI) were utilized to examine network changes in a pediatric porcine TBI model that has increased predictive potential in the development of novel therapies. rs- and tb-fMRI were performed one day post-TBI in piglets. Activation maps were generated using group independent component analysis (ICA) and sparse dictionary learning (sDL). Activation maps were compared to pig reference functional connectivity atlases and evaluated using Pearson spatial correlation coefficients and mean ratios. Nonparametric permutation analyses were used to determine significantly different activation areas between the TBI and healthy control groups. Significantly lower Pearson values and mean ratios were observed in the visual, executive control, and sensorimotor networks for TBI piglets compared to controls. Significant differences were also observed within several specific individual anatomical structures within each network. In conclusion, both rs- and tb-fMRI demonstrate the ability to detect functional connectivity disruptions in a translational TBI piglet model, and these disruptions can be traced to specific affected anatomical structures.

Rehabilitation outcomes of persons with severe traumatic brain injury: A cross-sectional survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 53 (1) ◽  
pp. 31
Author(s):  
Selvaraj Samuelkamaleshkumar ◽  
CatherineJudithHossanna ◽  
Ranjan Aruna ◽  
Suresh Annpatriciacatherine ◽  
Stephen Reethajanetsurekha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Severe Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Cross Sectional Survey ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Rehabilitation Outcomes

scholarly journals The Reliability of Iodine Concentration in Diaper-Retrieved Infant Urine Using Urine Collection Pads, and in Their Mothers’ Breastmilk

Biomolecules ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 295
Author(s):  
Kjersti Sletten Bakken ◽  
Ingvild Oma ◽  
Synne Groufh-Jacobsen ◽  
Beate Stokke Solvik ◽  
Lise Mette Mosand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Urinary Iodine ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Iodine Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Iodine Intake ◽  
Public Healthcare ◽  
Urinary Iodine Concentration ◽  
Childbearing Age ◽  
Cross Sectional

Mild to moderate iodine deficiency is common among women of childbearing age. Data on iodine status in infants are sparse, partly due to the challenges in collecting urine. Urinary iodine concentration (UIC) is considered a good marker for recent dietary iodine intake and status in populations. The aim of this study was to investigate the reliability of iodine concentration measured in two spot-samples from the same day of diaper-retrieved infant urine and in their mothers’ breastmilk. We collected urine and breastmilk from a sample of 27 infants and 25 mothers participating in a cross-sectional study at two public healthcare clinics in Norway. The reliability of iodine concentration was assessed by calculating the intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and the coefficient of variation (CV). The ICC for infants’ urine was 0.64 (95% confidence interval (CI) 0.36–0.82), while the ICC for breastmilk was 0.83 (95% CI 0.65–0.92) Similarly, the intraindividual CV for UIC was 0.25 and 0.14 for breastmilk iodine concentration (BIC). Compared to standard methods of collecting urine for measuring iodine concentration, the diaper-pad collection method does not substantially affect the reliability of the measurements.

scholarly journals The Structure of Walking Activity in People After Stroke Compared With Older Adults Without Disability: A Cross-Sectional Study

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (9) ◽  
pp. 1141-1147 ◽  
Author(s):  
Margaret A. Roos ◽  
Katherine S. Rudolph ◽  
Darcy S. Reisman
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Exercise Prescription ◽  
Activity Monitor ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Walking Activity ◽  
Steps Per Day ◽  
Lca Group ◽  
Insight Into

Background People with stroke have reduced walking activity. It is not known whether this deficit is due to a reduction in all aspects of walking activity or only in specific areas. Understanding specific walking activity deficits is necessary for the development of interventions that maximize improvements in activity after stroke. Objective The purpose of this study was to examine walking activity in people poststroke compared with older adults without disability. Design A cross-sectional study was conducted. Methods Fifty-four participants poststroke and 18 older adults without disability wore a step activity monitor for 3 days. The descriptors of walking activity calculated included steps per day (SPD), bouts per day (BPD), steps per bout (SPB), total time walking per day (TTW), percentage of time walking per day (PTW), and frequency of short, medium, and long walking bouts. Results Individuals classified as household and limited community ambulators (n=29) did not differ on any measure and were grouped (HHA-LCA group) for comparison with unlimited community ambulators (UCA group) (n=22) and with older adults without disability (n=14). The SPD, TTW, PTW, and BPD measurements were greatest in older adults and lowest in the HHA-LCA group. Seventy-two percent to 74% of all walking bouts were short, and this finding did not differ across groups. Walking in all categories (short, medium, and long) was lowest in the HHA-LCA group, greater in the UCA group, and greatest in older adults without disability. Limitations Three days of walking activity were captured. Conclusions The specific descriptors of walking activity presented provide insight into walking deficits after stroke that cannot be ascertained by looking at steps per day alone. The deficits that were revealed could be addressed through appropriate exercise prescription, underscoring the need to analyze the structure of walking activity.

scholarly journals A Quantitative Comparison of Multispectral Refraction Topography and Autorefractometer in Young Adults

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yunru Liao ◽  
Zhenlan Yang ◽  
Zijing Li ◽  
Rui Zeng ◽  
Jing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Coefficient ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
High Agreement ◽  
Intraclass Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Repeatability And Reproducibility ◽  
The Mean

Purpose: Purpose of this study is to evaluate the measuring consistency of central refraction between multispectral refraction topography (MRT) and autorefractometry.Methods: This was a descriptive cross-sectional study including subjects in Sun Yat-sen Memorial Hospital from September 1, 2020, to December 31, 2020, ages 20 to 35 years with a best corrected visual acuity of 20/20 or better. All patients underwent cycloplegia, and the refractive status was estimated with autorefractometer, experienced optometrist and MRT. We analyzed the central refraction of the autorefractometer and MRT. The repeatability and reproducibility of values measured using both devices were evaluated using intraclass correlation coefficients (ICCs).Results: A total of 145 subjects ages 20 to 35 (290 eyes) were enrolled. The mean central refraction of the autorefractometer was −4.69 ± 2.64 diopters (D) (range −9.50 to +4.75 D), while the mean central refraction of MRT was −4.49 ± 2.61 diopters (D) (range −8.79 to +5.02 D). Pearson correlation analysis revealed a high correlation between the two devices. The intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) also showed high agreement. The intrarater and interrater ICC values of central refraction were more than 0.90 in both devices and conditions. At the same time, the mean central refraction of experienced optometrist was −4.74 ± 2.66 diopters (D) (range −9.50 to +4.75D). The intra-class correlation coefficient of central refraction measured by MRT and subjective refraction was 0.939.Conclusions: Results revealed that autorefractometry, experienced optometrist and MRT show high agreement in measuring central refraction. MRT could provide a potential objective method to assess peripheral refraction.

scholarly journals Interformat Reliability of Web-Based Parent-Rated Questionnaires for Assessing Neurodevelopmental Disorders Among Preschoolers: Cross-sectional Community Study

10.2196/20172 ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. e20172
Author(s):  
Masanori Tanaka ◽  
Manabu Saito ◽  
Michio Takahashi ◽  
Masaki Adachi ◽  
Kazuhiko Nakamura
Keyword(s):  
Neurodevelopmental Disorders ◽  
Rating Scale ◽  
Developmental Coordination Disorder ◽  
Intraclass Correlation ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Autism Spectrum ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Developmental Health ◽  
The Web

Background Early detection and intervention for neurodevelopmental disorders are effective. Several types of paper questionnaires have been developed to assess these conditions in early childhood; however, the psychometric equivalence between the web-based and the paper versions of these questionnaires is unknown. Objective This study examined the interformat reliability of the web-based parent-rated version of the Autism Spectrum Screening Questionnaire (ASSQ), Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder Rating Scale (ADHD-RS), Developmental Coordination Disorder Questionnaire 2007 (DCDQ), and Strengths and Difficulties Questionnaire (SDQ) among Japanese preschoolers in a community developmental health check-up setting. Methods A set of paper-based questionnaires were distributed for voluntary completion to parents of children aged 5 years. The package of the paper format questionnaires included the ASSQ, ADHD-RS, DCDQ, parent-reported SDQ (P-SDQ), and several additional demographic questions. Responses were received from 508 parents of children who agreed to participate in the study. After 3 months, 300 parents, who were among the initial responders, were randomly selected and asked to complete the web-based versions of these questionnaires. A total of 140 parents replied to the web-based format and were included as a final sample in this study. Results We obtained the McDonald ω coefficients for both the web-based and paper formats of the ASSQ (web-based: ω=.90; paper: ω=.86), ADHD-RS total and subscales (web-based: ω=.88-.94; paper: ω=.87-.93), DCDQ total and subscales (web-based: ω=.82-.94; paper: ω=.74-.92), and P-SDQ total and subscales (web-based: ω=.55-.81; paper: ω=.52-.80). The intraclass correlation coefficients between the web-based and paper formats were all significant at the 99.9% confidence level: ASSQ (r=0.66, P<.001); ADHD-RS total and subscales (r=0.66-0.74, P<.001); DCDQ total and subscales (r=0.66-0.71, P<.001); P-SDQ Total Difficulties and subscales (r=0.55-0.73, P<.001). There were no significant differences between the web-based and paper formats for total mean score of the ASSQ (P=.76), total (P=.12) and subscale (P=.11-.47) mean scores of DCDQ, and the P-SDQ Total Difficulties mean score (P=.20) and mean subscale scores (P=.28-.79). Although significant differences were found between the web-based and paper formats for mean ADHD-RS scores (total: t132=2.83, P=.005; Inattention subscale: t133=2.15, P=.03; Hyperactivity/Impulsivity subscale: t133=3.21, P=.002), the effect sizes were small (Cohen d=0.18-0.22). Conclusions These results suggest that the web-based versions of the ASSQ, ADHD-RS, DCDQ, and P-SDQ were equivalent, with the same level of internal consistency and intrarater reliability as the paper versions, indicating the applicability of the web-based versions of these questionnaires for assessing neurodevelopmental disorders.

scholarly journals Factors Related To Outcome of Traumatic Brain Injury Patients at M Djamil Padang Hospital

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (8) ◽  
pp. 811-817
Author(s):  
Nora Fitri ◽  
Syarif Indra ◽  
Hendra Permana
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Patient Outcomes ◽  
Significant Relationship ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Major Threat

Background: Traumatic brain injury is still a major threat because it can cause global morbidity and mortality. Many factors can affect the outcome of a traumatic brain injury. Some conditions that can exacerbate traumatic brain injury include GCS conditions, blood pressure variability, and pupillary reflexes.Methods: The research was conducted in M. Djamil Padang Hospital from October 2020 to March 2021. The study design was a cross-sectional study in traumatic brain injury patients with ≤ 48 hours of onset and the aged between 18-60 years. The subjects in this study consisted of 66 subjects. At 6 weeks after onset, a GOS assessment was performed to assess patient outcomes. Statistical analysis was performed computerized with SPSS 22.0. P-value <0.05 was considered statistically significant. Results: Most of the patients were male (71.2%) with an average age of 36.41 ± 14,275 years, and the most common injury mechanism was traffic accidents (95.5%). There was a significant relationship between onset of incidence, hypotension, pupillary reflexes, and Rotterdam score with the outcome of traumatic brain injury patients (p<0.05) and there was no significant relationship between age, gender, and mechanism of injury with the outcome patients with traumatic brain injury. Conclution: The onset of events, hypotension, pupillary reflexes, and Rotterdam scores significantly affect the outcome patients of traumatic brain injury.

Young Adults With Traumatic Brain Injury in Long-Term Care Homes: A Population-Based Study

2010 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Colantonio ◽  
Dana Howse ◽  
Jigisha Patel
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Long Term Care ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Care Homes ◽  
Care Needs ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Term Care

AbstractThe aim of this research was to identify the number and characteristics of adults under the age of 65 with a diagnosis of traumatic brain injury (TBI) living in long-term care homes (nursing homes, homes for the aged and charitable homes) in Ontario, Canada. Methods: The study used a cross-sectional design. Secondary data analysis of a comprehensive provincial database of long-term care homes was conducted. Results: Of the 399 residents coded as having a TBI, 154 were < 65 years of age. Virtually all residents were limited in personal care and required assistance for eating (94.2%), toileting (92.2%) and dressing (99.4%). A large percentage also required care for challenging behaviours, while care needs due to substance abuse was common among 12.3% of TBI residents. Conclusion: As similar research in Australia has found, young persons in long-term care homes in Ontario, Canada, have high level personal health needs, however the appropriateness of this environment is questionable.

scholarly journals CNS disease-related protein variants as blood-based biomarkers in traumatic brain injury

Neurology ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 91 (15) ◽  
pp. 702-709 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Williams ◽  
Carrie Peltz ◽  
Kristine Yaffe ◽  
Philip Schulz ◽  
Michael R. Sierks
Keyword(s):  
Traumatic Brain Injury ◽  
Brain Injury ◽  
Neurodegenerative Diseases ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Single Chain ◽  
Characteristic Analysis ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Elisa Format ◽  
Protein Variants

ObjectiveTo utilize a panel of 11 single chain variable fragments (scFvs) that selectively bind disease-related variants of TAR DNA-binding protein (TDP)-43, β-amyloid, tau, and α-synuclein to assess damage following traumatic brain injury (TBI), and determine if the presence of protein variants could account for the increased risk of various neurodegenerative diseases following TBI.MethodsWe utilized the panel of 11 scFvs in a sensitive ELISA format to analyze sera from 43 older veterans, 25 who had experienced at least 1 TBI incident during their lifetime (∼29.4 years after TBI), and 18 controls who did not incur TBI, in a cross-sectional study.ResultsEach of the 11 scFvs individually could significantly distinguish between TBI and control samples, though they did not detect each TBI sample. Comparing the levels of all 11 variants, all 25 TBI cases displayed higher reactivity compared to the controls and receiver operating characteristic analysis revealed 100% sensitivity and specificity. Higher total protein variants levels correlated with TBI severity and with loss of consciousness. Oligomeric tau levels distinguished between single and multiple TBI incidents. While all TBI cases were readily selected with the panel, the binding pattern varied from patient to patient, suggesting subgroups that are at increased risk for different neurodegenerative diseases.ConclusionThe panel of protein variants-specific scFvs can be used to identify blood-based biomarkers indicative of TBI even 20 years or more after the initial TBI. Being able to identify subgroups of biomarker profiles allows for the possibility of individually targeted treatments.

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