scholarly journals Hippotherapy—An Intervention to Habilitate Balance Deficits in Children With Movement Disorders: A Clinical Trial

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (5) ◽  
pp. 707-717 ◽  
Author(s):  
Debbie J. Silkwood-Sherer ◽  
Clyde B. Killian ◽  
Toby M. Long ◽  
Kathy S. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Movement Disorders ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Friedman Analysis ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Clinical Observations ◽  
Balance Deficits ◽  
And Function ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
Balance Problems

Background Clinical observations have suggested that hippotherapy may be an effective strategy for habilitating balance deficits in children with movement disorders. However, there is limited research to support this notion. Objective The purposes of this study were to assess the effectiveness of hippotherapy for the management of postural instability in children with mild to moderate balance problems and to determine whether there is a correlation between balance and function. Design A repeated-measures design for a cohort of children with documented balance deficits was used. Methods Sixteen children (9 boys and 7 girls) who were 5 to 16 years of age and had documented balance problems participated in this study. Intervention consisted of 45-minute hippotherapy sessions twice per week for 6 weeks. Two baseline assessments and 1 postintervention assessment of balance, as measured with the Pediatric Balance Scale (PBS), and of function, as measured with the Activities Scale for Kids—Performance (ASKp), were performed. Results With the Friedman analysis of variance, the PBS and the ASKp were found to be statistically significant across all measurements (P<.0001 for both measures). Post hoc analysis revealed a statistical difference between baseline and postintervention measures (P≤.017). This degree of difference resulted in large effect sizes for PBS (d=1.59) and ASKp (d=1.51) scores after hippotherapy. A Spearman rho correlation of .700 indicated a statistical association between PBS and ASKp postintervention scores (P=.003). There was no correlation between the change in PBS scores and the change in ASKp scores (rs=.13, P>.05). Limitations Lack of a control group and the short duration between baseline assessments are study limitations. Conclusions The findings suggest that hippotherapy may be a viable strategy for reducing balance deficits and improving the performance of daily life skills in children with mild to moderate balance problems.

scholarly journals Evaluating the use of gas discharge visualization to measure massage therapy outcomes

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jolie Haun ◽  
Nitin Patel ◽  
Gary Schwartz ◽  
Cheryl Ritenbaugh
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Muscle Tension ◽  
Massage Therapy ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Gas Discharge ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Therapy Outcomes ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Whole Person

Abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the short-term effects of massage therapy using gas discharge visualization (GDV), a computerized biophysical electrophoton capture (EPC), in tandem with traditional self-report measures to evaluate the use of GDV measurement to assess the bioenergetic whole-person effects of massage therapy.: This study used a single treatment group, pre–post-repeated measures design with a sample of 23 healthy adults. This study utilized a single 50-min full-body relaxation massage with participants. GDV measurement method, an EPC, and traditional paper-based measures evaluating pain, stress, muscle tension, and well-being were used to assess intervention outcomes.: Significant differences were found between pre- and post-measures of well-being, pain, stress, muscle tension, and GDV parameters. Pearson correlations indicate the GDV measure is correlated with pain and stress, variables that impact the whole person.: This study demonstrates that GDV parameters may be used to indicate significant bioenergetic change from pre- to post-massage. Findings warrant further investigation with a larger diverse sample size and control group to further explore GDV as a measure of whole-person bioenergetic effects associated with massage.

scholarly journals Effect of Educational Workshops on Disaster Risk Perception in Nurses

2020 ◽  
pp. 270-278
Keyword(s):  
Risk Perception ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Round Table ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
National Standards ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Repeated Measures Analysis ◽  
Post Hoc ◽  
And Control

INTRODUCTION: The enhancement of nurses’ risk perception plays a significant role in their preparedness during disasters and emergencies. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of educational workshops on disaster risk perception in nurses METHODS: This randomized controlled field trial study included 62 nurses working at Razi Hospital, Birjand, Iran. The participants were divided into intervention and control groups. The intervention group was then requested to participate in a one-day intensive educational workshop based on the current national standards. The workshop content included a combination of lecturing methods, round-table exercises, and film display. The data were collected using the demographic characteristic form and researcher-made questionnaires measuring the nurses’ risk perception during disasters and emergencies. Subsequently, the data were analyzed using independent t-test, repeated measures analysis, and Bonferroni post hoc tests. FINDINGS: The mean total score of risk perception were significantly higher in the intervention group before, immediately, and two months after the workshop session, compared to those in the control group (P˂0.001). CONCLUSION: The implementation of nurses’ national preparation program during disasters and emergencies can result in an increase in the nurses’ risk perception during these events. Therefore, regarding the importance of nurses’ preparedness in confrontation with disasters and emergencies, it seems necessary to integrate the National Preparedness Program into the educational programs immediately after recruitment and in the form of in-service courses.

scholarly journals Effect of 12 weeks of recreational soccer on bone mineral density and sarcopenia in the elderly: a randomized clinical trial

1989 ◽  
Author(s):  
Guilherme Henrique de Lima Matias ◽  
◽  
André dos Santos Costa ◽  
Romulo Maia Carlos Fonseca
Keyword(s):  
Bone Mineral Density ◽  
Bone Mineral ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Mineral Density ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Post Hoc

Objective: To verify the effect of recreational soccer on bone mineral density and sarcopenia in the elderly. Methods: Fourteen elderly people aged 65.9 ± 3.4 years were selected. They were separated into two groups: the intervention group and the control group; the intervention group played recreational soccer for 12 weeks on two days of the week. Assessments were performed for bone mineral density and body muscle mass before and after the intervention. For statistical analysis, the repeated measures ANOVA with Bonferroni’s post hoc test was used. Results: After 12 weeks, there was a significant change in bone mineral density in the region of the total femur (p = 0.020). Analyzing the participants’ sarcopenia, no significant results were found after the intervention period. Conclusion: Playing recreational soccer causes a significant improvement in the total femur and maintains bone regions in the spine, whole body, and femoral neck. Also, it promotes a removal from the threshold for sarcopenia screening in the elderly.

scholarly journals Positive Adolescent Development: Effects of a Psychosocial Intervention Program in a Rural Setting

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (18) ◽  
pp. 6784
Author(s):  
Diana Paricio ◽  
Maria F. Rodrigo ◽  
Paz Viguer ◽  
Marina Herrera
Keyword(s):  
Youth Development ◽  
Adolescent Development ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Intervention Group ◽  
Development Program ◽  
Rural Setting ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Repeated Measures Design

The Positive Youth Development (PYD) approach identifies adolescents as resources to be empowered rather than problems to be solved. All adolescents have strengths and will fully develop when these strengths are integrated with healthy resources in the diverse environments where they live and interact. The objective of this study was twofold: (1) to present the Positive Development Program for Adolescents living in rural areas (DPAR Program) and (2) to pilot test the intervention program. The DPAR program was evaluated using a repeated-measures design before and after the intervention, with an intervention group and a control group. The sample consisted of 176 adolescents between 11 and 15 years old (M = 12.89, SD = 0.90) who belonged to two high schools with similar characteristics located in rural settings. A mixed-design analysis of variance was performed for each dependent variable. Results showed a significant increase in most of the study variables (self-esteem, self-efficacy, group identity, empathy, relational skills, assertiveness, and conflict resolution) and a significant decrease in alexithymia, as well as better academic performance. All this evidence indicates that the DPAR program is effective in promoting positive adolescent development and addresses the lack of programs based on the PYD approach in rural areas.

Adult protection training for community nurses: evaluating knowledge following delivery using participant-favoured training methods

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
pp. 17-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin Campbell
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Training Methods ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Training Activities ◽  
The Impact ◽  
And Training ◽  
Adult Protection ◽  
Adult Support

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to measure nurses’ knowledge about Adult Support and Protection (Scotland) Act 2007 before and after a one-day training course using participants’ favoured methods of training activities. Design/methodology/approach – A repeated measures design was used to evaluate the impact of a one-day Adult Support and Protection training on pre-training knowledge of community nurses across one NHS area. Participants’ favoured methods of training activities were used in the training. Participants were community nurses working in learning disability, mental health, older people's services, acute services, substance misuse, and accident and emergency. All completed a training needs analysis and training preferences study. Individual and group scores on an Adult Support and Protection knowledge questionnaire were analysed pre- and post-training. Findings – There was a statistically significant increase in scores post-training (Wilcoxon's signed-ranks test). Individual increases ranged from 2.5 to 27.5 per cent, with a mean score of 15 per cent. Evaluation of the impact of nationally approved Adult Support and Protection training is needed and training should take account of participants’ existing knowledge and preferred methods of training delivery to improve the transfer of learning into practice. Research limitations/implications – Participants were self-selecting. Existing knowledge was not controlled for in the sample. No longitudinal follow up to measure retention of any improvements in knowledge. No control group. Training methods used were based on the expressed preferences of 40 nursing staff, but only 18 of these staff participated in the training day. Originality/value – There is a dearth of research in evaluating the impact of the adult protection training on staff knowledge and understanding. Designing training activities and content to take account of participant preferences, and areas where knowledge is weakest may enhance the effectiveness of training in this area. This research was funded as a Queens Nursing Institute Community Project. It builds on a pilot project

scholarly journals Effects of exercise combined with whole body vibration in patients with patellofemoral pain syndrome: a randomised-controlled clinical trial

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Yañez-Álvarez ◽  
Beatriz Bermúdez-Pulgarín ◽  
Sergio Hernández-Sánchez ◽  
Manuel Albornoz-Cabello
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Trial ◽  
Lower Limb ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Whole Body Vibration ◽  
Patellofemoral Pain ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Body Vibration ◽  
And Function ◽  
Experimental Group

Abstract Background Patellofemoral pain is a prevalent condition in the general population, especially in women, and produces functional impairment in patients. Therapeutic exercise is considered an essential part of the conservative management. The use of vibration platforms may help improve strength and function and reduce pain in patients with knee disorders. The aim of this investigation was to determine the effects of adding whole body vibration (vertical, vibration frequency of 40 Hz, with an amplitude from 2 to 4 mm) to an exercise protocol for pain and disability in adults with patellofemoral pain. Methods A randomised clinical trial was designed, where 50 subjects were randomly distributed into either an exercise group plus whole body vibration or a control group. Pain, knee function (self-reported questionnaire) and range of motion and lower limb functionality were assessed at baseline and at 4 weeks. The experimental group performed 12 supervised sessions of hip, knee and core strengthening exercises on a vibration platform 3 times per week during 4 weeks. The control group followed the same protocol but without vibration stimuli. Differences in outcome measures were explored using an analysis of the variance of 2 repeated measures. Effect sizes were estimated using Square Eta (η2). Significant level was set al P < 0.05. Results Statistically significant differences were found after intervention in favour of the experimental group in the between-groups comparison and in the interaction of the experimental group before and after treatment in terms of pain perception (P = 0.000; η2 = 0.63) and function outcomes scores (P = 0.000; η2 0.39 and 0.51 for lower limb functional scale and Kujala scores respectively). Conclusion A 4-week whole body vibration exercise programme reduces pain level intensity and improves lower limb functionality in patellofemoral pain patients and is more effective than exercise alone in improving pain and function in the short-term. Trial registration ClinicalTrials.gov (NCT04031248). This study was prospectively registered on the 24th July, 2019.

scholarly journals Impact Evaluation of an Addiction Intervention Program in a Quebec Prison

2015 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
pp. SART.S22464
Author(s):  
Catherine Arseneault ◽  
Marc Alain ◽  
Chantal Plourde ◽  
Francine Ferland ◽  
Nadine Blanchette-Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Substance Use ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Intervention Program ◽  
Multidimensional Data ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Preliminary Results ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Treatment Services ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
And Control

Objectives This study evaluates the effects of a prison-based addiction intervention program. The evaluation is based on a multidimensional data collection that draws a portrait of the respondents’ substance use, and of their psychological/emotional, social, and judicial spheres. It measures the changes, or lack thereof, in substance use; the psychological/emotional, social, and judicial spheres; as well as the post-treatment services used. Method A quasi-experimental repeated measures design (0, 6 weeks, and 6 months) was used. Effects of the program were identified by comparing the results obtained by a group of inmates who had participated in the program ( n = 80; experimental group) with those of another group who had received no intervention ( n = 70; control group). Results The preliminary results suggested a certain treatment effect related to impulsivity and psychological distress. Conclusion Although the preliminary results were promising, the experimental and control groups did not differ significantly when more robust analyses were used.

scholarly journals EFFECTS OF FORM-FOCUSED PRACTICE AND FEEDBACK ON CHINESE EFL LEARNERS’ ACQUISITION OF REGULAR AND IRREGULAR PAST TENSE FORMS

2010 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-263 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingli Yang ◽  
Roy Lyster
Keyword(s):  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Corrective Feedback ◽  
Past Tense ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Chinese Learners ◽  
Quasi Experimental ◽  
Group A ◽  
Improving Accuracy ◽  
The University ◽  
Post Hoc

Conducted in English-as-a-foreign-language (EFL) classrooms at the university level in China, this quasi-experimental study compared the effects of three different corrective feedback treatments on 72 Chinese learners’ use of regular and irregular English past tense. Three classes were randomly assigned to a prompt group, a recast group, or a control group and then participated in form-focused production activities that elicited the target forms. In the two feedback groups, teachers consistently provided one type of feedback (i.e., either recasts or prompts) in response to learners’ errors during the activities, whereas in the control group, the teacher provided feedback only on content. Pretests, immediate posttests, and delayed posttests administered 2 weeks after the treatment assessed participants’ acquisition of regular and irregular past tense forms in both oral and written production. Comparisons of group means across testing sessions using a repeated-measures ANOVA consistently revealed large effects for time. Post hoc within-group analyses of the eight immediate- and delayed-posttest measures revealed significant gains by the prompt group on all eight measures, the recast group on four, and the control group on three. The effects of prompts were larger than those of recasts for increasing accuracy in the use of regular past tense forms, whereas prompts and recasts had similar effects on improving accuracy in the use of irregular past tense forms.

scholarly journals A comparison of the effectiveness of group reality therapy and positive psychotherapy on irrational beliefs and psychological hardiness in brilliant talent students

2019 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-38
Author(s):  
Safar Abdi ◽  
Tayebeh Sharifi ◽  
Ahmad Qazanfari ◽  
Kamal Solati
Keyword(s):  
High School Students ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Irrational Beliefs ◽  
Reality Therapy ◽  
Control Group ◽  
School Students ◽  
Positive Psychotherapy ◽  
Psychological Hardiness ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Post Hoc

Background and aims: Irrational beliefs in brilliant talent students can influence their psychological hardiness and lead to adverse social and academic outcomes. The present study mainly aimed to compare the effectiveness of group reality therapy and positive psychotherapy in improving the irrational beliefs and psychological hardiness of male brilliant talent high school students in Shahrekord during 2017. Methods: The present experimental research, used pretest and posttest design including intervention and control groups. The study population included all the male gifted students in Shahrekord (N=276) who were first screened and then, 60 individuals were selected by convenience random sampling. Next, the individuals were assigned a number and then divided into two experimental groups (each containing 20 students) and one control group (including 20 students) using a random number table. Afterward, group reality therapy and positive psychotherapy interventions were performed within eight and ten weeks for the experimental groups, respectively. In addition, Jones Irrational Beliefs Test (IBT) and Kobasa’s Psychological Hardiness Scale were employed to data collection. Six months after post-test implementation, the students were followed up. Finally, the data were analyzed using repeated-measures ANOVA and Bonferroni post hoc test. Results: The findings revealed that group reality therapy and positive psychotherapy led to a decrease in irrational beliefs while such therapies improved psychological hardiness in brilliant talent students (P<0.001). Conversely, the results of the post-hoc test indicated no significant difference between the effects of group reality therapy and positive psychotherapy on irrational beliefs and psychological hardiness in brilliant talent students (P>0.05). Conclusion: In general, group reality therapy and positive psychotherapy reduced irrational beliefs whereas they improved psychological hardiness of the brilliant talent students and therefore, these therapies can be used as effective interventions for the intended population.

scholarly journals Suicide Prevention Training – Improving the Attitudes and Confidence of Rural Australian Health and Human Service Professionals

Crisis ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Monika Ferguson ◽  
James Dollman ◽  
Martin Jones ◽  
Kathryn Cronin ◽  
Lynne James ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Suicide Prevention ◽  
Human Service ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Human Service Professionals ◽  
Prevention Education ◽  
Australian Health ◽  
Repeated Measures Design ◽  
Suicide Prevention Training ◽  
The Impact

Abstract. Background: Suicide rates are higher in rural and remote areas of Australia compared with major cities. Aim: To evaluate the impact of a brief, community-based suicide prevention educational intervention on the attitudes and confidence of rural South Australian health and human service professionals. Method: Participants attended a 1-day suicide prevention education program, and completed a survey at four time points: baseline (T1), immediately pretraining (T2), immediately posttraining (T3), and 4-month follow-up (T4). Main outcome measures were self-reported attitudes and confidence when working with people vulnerable to suicide. Results: A total of 248 people attended the training, with 213 participants completing the survey at T1, 236 at T2, 215 at T3, and 172 at T4. There were significant improvements in 11 of the 14 attitude items between T2 and T3 (immediate change), and between T1 and T4 (maintained change). Further, there were significant improvements in all four confidence items between T2 and T3, and T1 and T4. Limitations: Despite the repeated-measures design, findings are limited by the lack of a control group. Conclusion: Findings extend the international evidence by indicating the value of brief suicide prevention education for improving health and human service professionals' attitudes and confidence in rural Australia.

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