scholarly journals Catastrophizing During and After Pregnancy: Associations With Lumbopelvic Pain and Postpartum Physical Ability

2012 ◽  
Vol 92 (1) ◽  
pp. 49-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Christina B. Olsson ◽  
Wilhelmus J.A. Grooten ◽  
Lena Nilsson-Wikmar ◽  
Karin Harms-Ringdahl ◽  
Mari Lundberg
Keyword(s):  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Nonparametric Tests ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing Scale ◽  
Physical Ability ◽  
Negative Thoughts ◽  
The Common ◽  
Disability Rating ◽  
Pain Experiences ◽  
Over Time

Background There is a lack of knowledge about the possible role of catastrophizing in lumbopelvic pain during and after pregnancy and in postpartum physical ability. Objective The aims of this study were to explore how catastrophizing fluctuates over time during and after pregnancy and to investigate the associations between catastrophizing and lumbopelvic pain and between catastrophizing and postpartum physical ability. Design A prospective questionnaire was used. Methods The Pain Catastrophizing Scale was used to assess exaggerated negative thoughts about pain experiences in weeks 19 to 21 and weeks 34 to 37 of pregnancy and at 6 months postpartum. The Disability Rating Index was used to assess physical ability at 6 months postpartum. The occurrence of lumbopelvic pain was reported by participants. Parametric and nonparametric tests were used for the analyses. Results A total of 242 of 324 women were categorized according to reported levels of catastrophizing. A majority of women (57.9%) reported not catastrophizing at all test occasions, whereas 10.3% reported catastrophizing at all occasions. For the remaining 31.8%, the levels of catastrophizing varied over time. Women who catastrophized at 1 or more of the occasions reported higher proportions of postpartum lumbopelvic pain and had more restricted postpartum physical ability than women who did not catastrophize. Limitations The fact that some women did not complete the questionnaire at all test occasions might have reduced the generalizability of the results. Conclusions The common idea that levels of catastrophizing are “stable” within personality should be reconsidered, because for 1 of 3 women, the levels of catastrophizing changed over time. A majority of women reported not catastrophizing. However, catastrophizing in relation to pregnancy seems to be associated with lumbopelvic pain and postpartum physical ability. The results indicated that the role of catastrophizing in this context should be studied further.

The Procedural Rules Governing the Production of Documentary Evidence in International Arbitration – As Applied in Practice

2009 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 27-90
Author(s):  
Nathan O'Malley
Keyword(s):  
Judicial Review ◽  
Case Law ◽  
Documentary Evidence ◽  
International Arbitration ◽  
Commercial Arbitration ◽  
International Commercial Arbitration ◽  
The World ◽  
The Common ◽  
Over Time

AbstractThis article considers the provisions of the IBA Rules on the Taking of Evidence in International Commercial Arbitration pertaining to documentary evidence, Articles 2, 3, and 9. The IBA Rules have emerged over time as a compromise set of standards appropriate for international arbitration and are widely used by tribunals throughout the world. This piece provides examples of arbitral case law in respect of the application of the Rules to issues concerning the taking and admission of documentary evidence. Moreover, the article also addresses issues regarding the role of the IBA Rules in the judicial review of arbitral awards, and their use in investor-state arbitration as opposed to international commercial arbitration. The goal of this article is to provide a thorough, case based commentary on the common approach used by tribunals in this area of procedure.

scholarly journals The role of exercise for fall prevention in older age

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 541-547 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anne Tiedemann ◽  
Catherine Sherrington ◽  
Stephen R. Lord
Keyword(s):  
Health Professionals ◽  
Fall Prevention ◽  
Functional Independence ◽  
Older Age ◽  
High Dose ◽  
Risk Of Falling ◽  
Physical Ability ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Over Time

Falls are a common, costly and preventable consequence of sensorimotor impairments that increase in prevalence with advancing age. A fall occurs when the physical ability of the individual is unable to match the immediate demands of the environment and/or of the activity being undertaken. Targeted exercise aimed at improving the physical ability of the individual, such as balance and strength training, is crucial for promoting functional independence and mobility and reducing the risk of falling in older age. Exercise programs that provide a high challenge to balance, have a high dose, include progression of intensity over time and are ongoing are most effective for preventing falls. This paper provides guidance to health professionals involved with the prescription of physical activity and exercise to older people regarding the safe and effective provision of programs aimed at improving strength and balance and preventing falls in older age.

scholarly journals The Role of Pain Catastrophizing in the Prediction of Acute and Chronic Postoperative Pain

2013 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 176-182 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ran Kremer ◽  
Michal Granot ◽  
David Yarnitsky ◽  
Yonathan Crispel ◽  
Shiri Fadel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postoperative Pain ◽  
Pain Intensity ◽  
Prospective Observational Study ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing Scale ◽  
Chronic Postoperative Pain ◽  
Unique Role ◽  
Relative Contribution ◽  
Postthoracotomy Pain

Background and Objectives: Despite the established association between greater pain catastrophizing and enhanced postoperative pain, it is still unclear: (i) what is the relative contribution of each of the pain catastrophizing scale (PCS) dimensions in the prediction of acute and chronic postoperative pain; and (ii) whether PCS scores mediate the association between acute and chronic postoperative pain intensity. Methods: The current prospective, observational study was conducted at Rambam Health Care Campus, Haifa, Israel. PCS was obtained in 48 pain-free patients a day before an elective thoracotomy in response to tonic heat pain. Acute postthoracotomy pain (APTP) was assessed during rest, including general pain (Restgeneral), and incision-related pain (Restincision), and in response to provoked physical activity, including hand elevation (Provokedhand) and cough (Provokedcough). Chronic postthoracotomy pain (CPTP) was assessed after 4.5±2.3 months. Results: Of the PCS subscales, only rumination: (i) was correlated with Restgeneral scores (r=0.337, P=0.027); and (ii) predicted chronic postthoracotomy pain in a regression analysis (P=0.001). General PCS and its subscales mediated the correlation between Restgeneral and chronic postthoracotomy pain intensity (Ps<0.006). Conclusions: Findings may elucidate the unique role of the rumination subscale in reflecting an individual's postopertive acute and chronic pain responsiveness. The transition from acute to chronic postoperative pain seems to be facilitated by enhanced pain catastrophizing.

scholarly journals Pain Catastrophizing Scale for Francophone Adolescents: A Preliminary Validation

2008 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 19-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Isabelle Tremblay ◽  
Yves Beaulieu ◽  
Annie Bernier ◽  
Geert Crombez ◽  
Simon Laliberté ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Psychometric Properties ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Clinical Settings ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing Scale ◽  
Retest Reliability ◽  
French Version ◽  
Preliminary Validation ◽  
Good Internal Consistency ◽  
Test Retest Reliability

BACKGROUND: In adults, it is well known that high levels of pain catastrophizing are related to increased pain and disability as well as to heightened anxiety and depression. However, due to the lack of a measure of pain catastrophizing adapted for francophone adolescents, little is known about the role of catastrophizing in this population.OBJECTIVES: To adapt the French version of the Pain Catastrophizing Scale (PCS) and to examine the psychometric properties and factorial structure of the PCS for Francophone Adolescents (PCS-Ado).METHODS: The French version of the PCS was modified by a group of experts. The format of the questions was modified to be appropriate for adolescents aged between 12 and 18 years. To assess the psychometric properties of the PCS-Ado, 345 adolescents completed the PCS-Ado and questionnaires measuring depression, anxiety and intensity of pain. Twelve to 16 weeks later, participants completed the questionnaires again to examine the test-retest reliability of the PCS-Ado.RESULTS: Results revealed a three-factor solution similar to the original PCS. In addition, results revealed that PCS-Ado had good internal consistency (PCS-Ado total: 0.85; rumination: 0.72; magnification: 0.66; helplessness: 0.74), and high test-retest reliability (r=0.73). Finally, significant correlations among catastrophizing, depression, anxiety and pain intensity support the construct validity of the PCS-Ado.CONCLUSIONS: The results suggest that the PCS-Ado is valid and reliable with francophone adolescents. Further research is required to assess the validity of the PCS-Ado in clinical settings.

Articulatory Generalization in Two Word-Medial, Ambisyllabic Contexts

1988 ◽  
Vol 19 (3) ◽  
pp. 251-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia I. Wolfe ◽  
Suzanne D. Blocker ◽  
Norma J. Prater
Keyword(s):  
Common View ◽  
Perceptual Salience ◽  
The Common ◽  
Unitary Concept ◽  
Over Time

Articulatory generalization of velar cognates /k/, /g/ in two phonologically disordered children was studied over time as a function of sequential word-morpheme position training. Although patterns of contextual acquisition differed, correct responses to the word-medial, inflected context (e.g., "picking," "hugging") occurred earlier and exceeded those to the word-medial, noninflected context (e.g., "bacon," "wagon"). This finding indicates that the common view of the word-medial position as a unitary concept is an oversimplification. Possible explanations for superior generalization to the word-medial, inflected position are discussed in terms of coarticulation, perceptual salience, and the representational integrity of the word.

Pain Catastrophizing Scale for Parents

2006 ◽  
Author(s):  
Liesbet Goubert ◽  
Chris Eccleston ◽  
Tine Vervoort ◽  
Abbie Jordan ◽  
Geert Crombez
Keyword(s):  
Pain Catastrophizing ◽  
Pain Catastrophizing Scale

On everyday academic research

2017 ◽  
pp. 98-134 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. Tirole
Keyword(s):  
Common Good ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Research Quality ◽  
Economic Research ◽  
Relevant Research ◽  
The Common ◽  
Verification Of Models ◽  
Science And Research

In the fourth chapter of the book “The economy of the common good”, the nature of economics as a science and research practices in their theoretical and empirical aspects are discussed. The author considers the processes of modeling, empirical verification of models and evaluation of research quality. In addition, the features of economic cognition and the role of mathematics in economic research are analyzed, including the example of relevant research in game theory and information theory.

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