scholarly journals Relationships Among Impairments in Lower-Extremity Strength and Power, Functional Limitations, and Disability in Older Adults

2007 ◽  
Vol 87 (10) ◽  
pp. 1334-1347 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael L Puthoff ◽  
David H Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Relative Intensity ◽  
Peak Power ◽  
Functional Limitations ◽  
Functional Limitation ◽  
Subscale Score ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Lower Extremity Strength

Background and Purpose During the aging process, older adults may experience a loss of strength and power, which then may lead to functional limitations and disability. The purpose of this study was to examine how impairments in lower-extremity strength and power are related to functional limitations and disability in community-dwelling older adults. Subjects Thirty older adults (age [X̅±SD], 77.3±7.0 years; 25 women and 5 men) with mild to moderate functional limitations participated in this study. Methods Lower-extremity strength, peak power, power at a low relative intensity, and power at a high relative intensity were measured with a pneumatic resistance leg press. Functional limitations and disability were assessed with the Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), the Six-Minute Walk Test (SMWT), and the Late Life Function and Disability Instrument (LLFDI). Results All measures of strength and power were related to functional limitations. Peak power demonstrated the strongest relationships with SMWT, the SPPB gait speed subscale, and the LLFDI functional limitation component. Power at a high relative intensity demonstrated the strongest relationships to the SPPB total score and the SPPB sit-to-stand subscale score. All measures of strength and power were indirectly related to the LLFDI disability component. Discussion and Conclusion Older adults should focus on increasing and maintaining lower-extremity strength and power across a range of intensities in order to decrease functional limitations and disability.

Exercise using a foam bead bag improves balance and lower extremity strength in older adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Akkradate Siriphorn ◽  
Siriporn Vongsaiyat Siriphorn ◽  
Kittaphon Sawatthuk ◽  
Kanjana Temvorasub ◽  
Malinee Auttawut
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Lower Extremities ◽  
Exercise Programme ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Timed Up And Go ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Balance Scale ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Lower Extremity Strength

Background/AimsBalance training using unstable support surfaces is widely used in clinics and research and can reduce the risk of falls in older people. This study aimed to investigate the effect of an exercise programme using a foam bead bag on older adults' ability to balance and the strength of their lower extremities and compare the effect with no exercise and foam pad exercise using the same programme.MethodsA total of 24 older adults were allocated into one of three groups: control (n=8), foam pad exercise (n=8) and foam bead bag exercise (n=8). The foam pad exercise and foam bead bag exercise groups carried out a programme consisting of 30 minutes of exercise performed twice a week for 5 weeks. The control group did not participate in an exercise programme. Participants' balance abilities were measured using the Fullerton Advanced Balance Scale, the Timed Up and Go Test and the Single-Leg Stance Test. The strength of their lower extremities was measured using the 30-second sit-to-stand test.ResultsThe Fullerton Advanced Balance scale and 30-second sit-to-stand scores significantly improved in the foam pad exercise and foam bead bag exercise groups. Both of these groups also demonstrated significant improvements in Timed Up and Go tests. The amount of time that participants were able to stand on one leg while unassisted significantly increased in the foam bead bag group only. No significant differences were found in balance ability or lower extremity strength in the control group.ConclusionsA foam bead bag is a suitable alternative to a foam pad when performing exercises to improve balance and strength of the lower extremities in older adults.

Virtual Reality Training With Three-Dimensional Video Games Improves Postural Balance and Lower Extremity Strength in Community-Dwelling Older Adults

2017 ◽  
Vol 25 (4) ◽  
pp. 621-627 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yongwoo Lee ◽  
Wonjae Choi ◽  
Kyeongjin Lee ◽  
Changho Song ◽  
Seungwon Lee
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Virtual Reality ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Postural Balance ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Virtual Reality Training ◽  
Lower Extremity Strength ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults ◽  
Experimental Group

Avatar-based three-dimensional technology is a new approach to improve physical function in older adults. The aim of this study was to use three-dimensional video gaming technology in virtual reality training to improve postural balance and lower extremity strength in a population of community-dwelling older adults. The experimental group participated in the virtual reality training program for 60 min, twice a week, for 6 weeks. Both experimental and control groups were given three times for falls prevention education at the first, third, and fifth weeks. The experimental group showed significant improvements not only in static and dynamic postural balance but also lower extremity strength (p < .05). Furthermore, the experimental group was improved to overall parameters compared with the control group (p < .05). Therefore, three-dimensional video gaming technology might be beneficial for improving postural balance and lower extremity strength in community-dwelling older adults.

scholarly journals Is achieving 7,000 steps/day cross-sectionally and prospectively associated with older adults’ lower-extremity performance?

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Chun Hsueh ◽  
Chien-Yu Lin ◽  
Ting-Fu Lai ◽  
Yi Chien Yu ◽  
Shao-Hsi Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Lower Extremity Performance ◽  
Lower Limb Strength ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽  
Recommended Level

Abstract Background: Evidence regarding the association between daily steps recommendation and older adults’ lower limb strength is lacking; thus, this study investigated whether taking at least 7,000 steps/day is cross-sectionally and prospectively related to lower-extremity performance in older Taiwanese adults. Methods: There were 89 community-dwelling adults aged over 60 years (mean age: 69.5 years) attending both baseline and follow-up surveys. This study used adjusted logistic regression analysis to explore cross-sectional and prospective relationships between their accelerometer-assessed daily steps and lower-extremity performance (five-times-sit-to-stand test). Results: This study found the older adults who took 7,000 steps/day were more likely to have better lower-extremity performance cross-sectionally (odds ratio [OR] = 3.82; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04, 13.95; p = 0.04), as well as to maintain or increase their lower-extremity performance prospectively (OR=3.53; 95% CI: 1.05, 11.84; p = 0.04). Conclusions: Our findings support a minimum recommended level of step-based physical activity for older adults, namely, 7,000 steps/day, as beneficial for maintaining or increasing older adults’ lower-extremity performance.

scholarly journals Is achieving 7,000 steps/day cross-sectionally and prospectively associated with older adults’ lower-extremity performance?

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Chun Hsueh ◽  
Chien-Yu Lin ◽  
Ting-Fu Lai ◽  
Yi-Chien Yu ◽  
Shao-Hsi Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Lower Extremity Performance ◽  
Lower Limb Strength ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽  
Recommended Level

Abstract Background Evidence regarding the association between daily steps recommendation and older adults’ lower limb strength is lacking; thus, this study investigated whether taking at least 7,000 steps/day is cross-sectionally and prospectively related to lower-extremity performance in older Taiwanese adults. Methods There were 89 community-dwelling adults aged over 60 years (mean age: 69.5 years) attending both baseline and follow-up surveys. This study used adjusted logistic regression analysis to explore cross-sectional and prospective relationships between their accelerometer-assessed daily steps and lower-extremity performance (five-times-sit-to-stand test). Results This study found the older adults who took 7,000 steps/day were more likely to have better lower-extremity performance cross-sectionally (odds ratio [OR] = 3.82; 95 % confidence interval [CI]: 1.04, 13.95; p = 0.04), as well as to maintain or increase their lower-extremity performance prospectively (OR = 3.53; 95 % CI: 1.05, 11.84; p = 0.04). Conclusions Our findings support a minimum recommended level of step-based physical activity for older adults, namely, 7,000 steps/day, as beneficial for maintaining or increasing older adults’ lower-extremity performance.

scholarly journals Is achieving 7,000 steps/day associated with older adults’ lower-extremity performance? Cross-sectional and prospective findings from Taiwan

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming-Chun Hsueh ◽  
Chien-Yu Lin ◽  
Ting-Fu Lai ◽  
Yi Chien Yu ◽  
Shao-Hsi Chang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Lower Extremity Performance ◽  
Lower Limb Strength ◽  
Adjusted Logistic Regression ◽  
Recommended Level

Abstract Background: Evidence regarding the association between daily steps recommendation and older adults’ lower limb strength is lacking; thus, this study investigated whether taking at least 7,000 steps/day is cross-sectionally and prospectively related to lower-extremity performance in older Taiwanese adults. 89 community-dwelling adults aged over 60 years (mean age: 69.5 years) who attended both baseline and follow-up surveys. Methods: This study used adjusted logistic regression analysis to explore cross-sectional and prospective relationships between their accelerometer-assessed daily steps and lower-extremity performance (five-times-sit-to-stand test). Results: This study found the older adults who took 7,000 steps/day were more likely to have better lower-extremity performance cross-sectionally (odds ratio [OR] = 3.82; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.04, 13.95; p = 0.04), as well as to maintain or increase their lower-extremity performance prospectively (OR=3.53; 95% CI: 1.05, 11.84; p = 0.04). Conclusions: Our findings support a minimum recommended level of step-based physical activity for older adults, namely, 7,000 steps/day, as beneficial for maintaining or increasing older adults’ lower-extremity performance.

scholarly journals Association between physical functioning with cognition among community-dwelling older adults: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Juliana Fonseca Nogueira Alves ◽  
Bruno Remígio Cavalcante ◽  
Amanda de Araújo Valença ◽  
Igor Rafael Campos ◽  
Milena Lucilla Lácio Tomaz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Muscle Strength ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Cognitive Functioning ◽  
Physical Functioning ◽  
Verbal Fluency ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Sit To Stand ◽  
Lower Extremity Muscle ◽  
Community Dwelling Older Adults

Objective: Declines in physical and cognitive functioning often co-exist through aging. Gait-related parameters have been related to cognitive function, although it is unclear whether other measures of physical functioning are similarly related to cognition. Here, we analyzed the relationship between physical functioning with cognition in older adults. Methods: In total, 116 participants were included (M age = 69 years, SD = 6; 71% women). We quantified cognitive functioning using the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) and executive functioning tasks (Digit Span Forward minus Backward and verbal fluency tests). Physical function measures included gait speed, Short-physical Performance Battery (SPPB), five-times Sit-to-Stand Test, the Timed Up and Go (TUG) test, the Six-minute Walk Test (6MWT), and lower extremity muscle strength. We used multiple linear regression analyses to explore the association between cognitive measures and each measure of physical functioning, adjusting for age, sex, education, and RCT. Results: We observed a positive association between muscle strength and the MoCA (b = 0.84, SE = 0.40, 95%CI 0.05–1.64) after controlling for covariates. Significant associations were also found between the five-times-sit-to-stand test (b = -0.63, SE = 0.26, 95%CI -1.15–-0.12), TUG (b = -1.13, SE = 0.57, 95%CI -2.26–-0.01), 6MWT (b = 0.04, SE = 0.02, 95%CI 0.01–0.07), and lower extremity muscle strength (b = 1.92, SE = 0.93, 95%CI 0.09–3.77) with the FAS verbal fluency test, and between the TUG (b = -0.62, SE = 0.24, 95%CI -1.11–-0.14) with animal naming. Conclusion: In community-dwelling older adults, higher levels of muscle strength, dynamic balance and cardiorespiratory fitness were positively related with global cognition and executive control measures.

scholarly journals Plasma acylcarnitines and risk of lower-extremity functional impairment in older adults: a nested case–control study

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Francisco Félix Caballero ◽  
Ellen A. Struijk ◽  
Alberto Lana ◽  
Antonio Buño ◽  
Fernando Rodríguez-Artalejo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Confidence Interval ◽  
Lower Extremity ◽  
Functional Impairment ◽  
Odds Ratio ◽  
Case Control Study ◽  
Case Control ◽  
Community Dwelling ◽  
Control Study ◽  
Long Chain

AbstractElevated concentrations of acylcarnitines have been associated with higher risk of obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present study was to assess the association between L-carnitine and acylcarnitine profiles, and 2-year risk of incident lower-extremity functional impairment (LEFI). This case–control study is nested in the Seniors-ENRICA cohort of community-dwelling older adults, which included 43 incident cases of LEFI and 86 age- and sex- matched controls. LEFI was assessed with the Short Physical Performance Battery. Plasma L-carnitine and 28 acylcarnitine species were measured. After adjusting for potential confounders, medium-chain acylcarnitines levels were associated with 2-year incidence of LEFI [odds ratio per 1-SD increase: 1.69; 95% confidence interval: 1.08, 2.64; p = 0.02]. Similar results were observed for long-chain acylcarnitines [odds ratio per 1-SD increase: 1.70; 95% confidence interval: 1.03, 2.80; p = 0.04]. Stratified analyses showed a stronger association between medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines and incidence of LEFI among those with body mass index and energy intake below the median value. In conclusion, higher plasma concentrations of medium- and long-chain acylcarnitines were associated with higher risk of LEFI. Given the role of these molecules on mitochondrial transport of fatty acids, our results suggest that bioenergetics dysbalance contributes to LEFI.

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